Navigator 2.0提供了一系列全新的接口,可以实现将路由状态成为应用状态的一部分,新增的API如下:
- Page:用来表示Navigator路由栈中各个页面的不可变对象,Page是一个抽象类通常使用它的派生类:MaterialPage或CupertinoPage;
- Router:用来配置要用Navigator展示的页面列表,通常该页面列表会根据系统或应用程序的状态改变而改变,除了直接使用Router本身外还可以使用MaterialApp.router()来创建Router;
- RouterDelegate:定义应用程序中的路由行为,例如Router如何知道应用程序状态的变化以及如何响应,监听RouteInformationParser和应用状态,并使用当前列表来构建Pages;
- RouteInformationParser:可缺省,主要应用于web,持有RouteInformationProvider提供的RouteInformation,可以将其解析为我们定义的数据类型;
- BackButtonDispatcher:响应后退按钮,并通知Router;
上面的API中BackButtonDispatcher很少用到,对于移动端来说,只需要用到Page、Router和RouterDelegate这三个API即可。
RouterDelegate与Router、RouteInformationParser在一起的交互和应用程序的状态如下:
- 1.当系统打开一个新页面时,RouteInformationParser会将其转换为应用中的具体数据类型T;
- 2.该数据类型会被传递给RouterDelegate的setNewRoutePath方法,我们可以在这里更新路由状态;
- 3.notifyListeners会通知Router重建RouterDelegate;
- 4.RouterDelegate.build()返回一个新的Navigator实例,并最终展示出打开的页面;
代码实例:
/// @description hu
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:up_china/model/video_model.dart';
import 'package:up_china/page/home_page.dart';
import 'package:up_china/page/video_detail_page.dart';
void main() {
runApp(UPApp());
}
class UPApp extends StatefulWidget {
State<StatefulWidget> createState() => _UPAppState();
}
class _UPAppState extends State<UPApp> {
UPDelegate _routerDelegate = UPRouterDelegate();
UPRouteInformationParser _routeInformationParser =
UPRouteInformationParser();
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
print('_UPAppState:build');
//定义route
var widget = Router(
routeInformationParser: _routeInformationParser,
routerDelegate: _routerDelegate,
///routeInformationParser为null时可缺省,routeInformation提供者
routeInformationProvider: PlatformRouteInformationProvider(
initialRouteInformation: RouteInformation(location: '/')),
);
return MaterialApp(home: widget);
}
}
class UPRouterDelegate extends RouterDelegate<UPRoutePath>
with ChangeNotifier, PopNavigatorRouterDelegateMixin<UPRoutePath> {
final GlobalKey<NavigatorState> navigatorKey;
UPRoutePath path;
List<MaterialPage> pages = [];
VideoModel videoModel;
//为Navigator设置一个key,必要的时候可以通过navigatorKey.currentState来获取到NavigatorState对象
UPRouterDelegate() : navigatorKey = GlobalKey<NavigatorState>();
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
//构建路由栈
pages = [
pageWrap(HomePage(
onJumpToDetail: (mo) {
this.videoModel = mo;
notifyListeners();
},
)),
if (videoModel != null)
pageWrap(
VideoDetailPage(videoModel),
)
];
print('UPRouterDelegate:build');
return Navigator(
key: navigatorKey,
pages: pages,
onPopPage: (route, result) {
print('Navigator:onPopPage');
//在这里可以控制是否可以返回
if (!route.didPop(result)) {
return false;
}
return true;
},
);
}
//路由初始化时,Router 会调用setNewRoutePath 方法来更新应用程序的路由状态:
Future<void> setNewRoutePath(UPRoutePath path) async {
print('UPRouterDelegate:setNewRoutePath:$path');
this.path = path;
}
}
///可缺省,主要应用与web,持有RouteInformationProvider 提供的 RouteInformation ,可以将其解析为我们定义的数据类型。
class UPRouteInformationParser extends RouteInformationParser<UPRoutePath> {
Future<UPRoutePath> parseRouteInformation(
RouteInformation routeInformation) async {
final uri = Uri.parse(routeInformation.location);
print('UPRouteInformationParser:parseRouteInformation:uri:$uri');
if (uri.pathSegments.length == 0) {
return UPRoutePath.home();
}
return UPRoutePath.detail();
}
}
///定义路由path
class UPRoutePath {
final String location;
UPRoutePath.home() : location = "/";
UPRoutePath.detail() : location = "/detail";
}
///创建Page
pageWrap(Widget child) {
return MaterialPage(
key: ValueKey(child.hashCode),
child: child,
);
}
- APP启动:
1.启动;
2.RouteInformationParser:parseRouteInformation;
3.RouterDelegate:build;
4.RouterDelegate:setNewRoutePath;
5.RouterDelegate:build;
- 打开页面:RouterDelegate:build 返回一个新的Navigator实例,并展示新的页面;
- 返回:Navigator:onPopPage;