弹指间,2023已经到来,新的一年,祝大家新年快乐,阖家幸福呀~~~
好吧,进入正题,2023的到来,肯定少不了烟花吧(外面不让放炮,那咱们就用python放炮【DOGE】)
首先,需要的外置库:pygame,pymunk
导入
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
import pymunk
from pymunk import pygame_util
import sys
import random as rd
import time
import math
然后写一个主程序类,对pygame进行初始化,设置屏幕宽高,设置标题,创建pymunk空间,然后设置空间的重力为(0,300),然后设置collision_persistence参数为0,表示没有碰撞,毕竟俩烟花也不会撞一起......然后设置烟花半径(可以自行修改),创建两个列表,用于存放烟花爆炸形成的火球和发射到天空中还没爆炸的烟花,创建一个colors列表,存放烟花的颜色
class Firework:
def __init__(self):
pygame.init()
self.W,self.H=800,1000
self.screen=pygame.display.set_mode((self.W,self.H))
self.draw_options=pygame_util.DrawOptions(self.screen)
pygame.display.set_caption("2023元旦烟花")
self.space=pymunk.Space()
self.space.gravity=(0,300)
self.space.collision_persistence=0
self.fireball_radius=2
self.fire_radius=2
self.fireballs=[]
self.colors=[
(255,0,0),(255,127,80),(255,140,0),(255,160,122),(240,128,128),(255,99,71),(255,69,0),
(255,105,180),(255,20,147),(208,32,144),(176,48,96),(153,50,204),(255,48,48),
(238,44,44),(205,38,38),(255,255,0),(255,215,0),(255,185,15),(238,201,0),
(34,139,34),(46,139,87),(60,179,113),(0,255,127)
]
self.fires=[]
接下来,进行事件监听,按下鼠标就可以创建火球
def listen(self):
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type==QUIT:
sys.exit()
if event.type==MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
self.create_firework(x=pygame.mouse.get_pos()[0])
然后写个创建烟花的方法,首先要有个body,设置body_type为DYNAMIC,因为烟花是动态的。然后设置body的位置,x坐标为传参的x坐标,y坐标为屏幕最底部,接下来创建一个shape,形状为circle,body对应的fireball_body传进去就好了,然后设置radius(半径),设置shape的弹性(这个不设置也可以,没多大影响),将body和shape添加到空间中,用add添加,然后将烟花对应的shape对象、颜色、创建时间、爆炸前持续时间这四个参数归在一个列表,将这个列表添加到fireballs中,最后就是要赋予body冲击力了,使用apply_impulse_at_local_point方法
def create_firework(self,x):
fireball_body=pymunk.Body(mass=1,moment=100,body_type=pymunk.Body.DYNAMIC)
fireball_body.position=x,self.H
fireball_shape=pymunk.Circle(fireball_body,self.fireball_radius)
fireball_shape.elasticity=0.5
self.space.add(fireball_body,fireball_shape)
self.fireballs.append([fireball_shape,rd.choice(self.colors),time.time(),rd.uniform(1,2.2)]) # shape,color,startTime,lastTime
fireball_body.apply_impulse_at_local_point((0,rd.randint(-730,-500)),(0,0))
然后是draw的代码(比较多),先是填充背景为黑色,然后使用while循环遍历fireballs,将烟花绘制出来,检查是否到达了爆炸时间,如果已经到达爆炸时间,那么将这个火球从烟花的列表中删掉。接下来就要创建炸开来的火花,火花是向不同方向散开的,所以用for循环遍历一圈的度数,每隔10°就有一个,length是斜边长度,然后定义bias偏移量,因为火花散发力量和距离并不是固定的,所以每一次length都会浮动一点,但始终控制在25~100之间(maximum和minimum),因为apply_impulse_at_local_point发射出去时传参是x轴的力量和y轴的力量,所以要使用三角函数计算临边和对边的长度从而得到apply_impulse_at_local_point传参的数值,又因为我们遍历的是度数(degree),sin和cos计算的是弧度(radians),所以要先把度数通过math.radians转化为弧度,再传参到sin和cos中。计算出来之后,还是创建body和shape并设置一些基本的参数,添加到空间中,并添加到fires列表中,最后删除已爆炸的烟花,别忘了变量i需要减1。
上面是对未爆炸的烟花进行遍历,下面我们还需要对爆炸后形成的火花进行遍历,如果超出范围或已到达删除时间就进行删除的操作,逻辑差不多
draw的代码如下
def draw(self):
self.screen.fill((0,0,0))
i=0
while i<len(self.fireballs):
fireball,color,startTime,lastTime=self.fireballs[i]
pygame.draw.circle(self.screen,color,fireball.body.position,self.fireball_radius)
nowTime=time.time()
boomTime=startTime+lastTime
if nowTime>boomTime:
popball=self.fireballs.pop(i)
length=50
for degree in range(90,450,10):
bias=1
length+=rd.randint(-bias,bias)
maximum,minimum=100,25
if length>maximum:
length=maximum
elif length<minimum:
length=minimum
radians=math.radians(degree)
x_force=math.sin(radians)*length
y_force=math.cos(radians)*length
body=pymunk.Body(mass=1,moment=100,body_type=pymunk.Body.DYNAMIC)
body.position=popball[0].body.position
shape=pymunk.Circle(body,self.fire_radius)
self.space.add(body,shape)
self.fires.append([shape,popball[1],time.time(),rd.uniform(0.5,1.5)]) # shape,color,startTime,lastTime
body.apply_impulse_at_local_point((x_force,y_force),(0,0))
self.space.remove(popball[0])
i-=1
i+=1
i=0
while i<len(self.fires):
fire,color,startTime,lastTime=self.fires[i]
pos=fire.body.position
pygame.draw.circle(self.screen,color,pos,self.fire_radius)
nowTime=time.time()
deleteTime=startTime+lastTime
if nowTime>deleteTime:
self.fires.pop(i)
self.space.remove(fire)
i-=1
elif pos[0]<0 or pos[0]>self.W or pos[1]>self.H:
self.fires.pop(i)
self.space.remove(fire)
i-=1
i+=1
写到这儿,我们的烟花就差不多完成了,最后写个run
def run(self):
clock=pygame.time.Clock()
FPS=60
while True:
clock.tick(FPS)
self.listen()
self.draw()
self.space.step(1/FPS)
pygame.display.update()
运行
if __name__=="__main__":
firework=Firework()
firework.run()
这样就好啦!
最终代码:
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
import pymunk
from pymunk import pygame_util
import sys
import random as rd
import time
import math
class Firework:
def __init__(self):
pygame.init()
self.W,self.H=800,1000
self.screen=pygame.display.set_mode((self.W,self.H))
self.draw_options=pygame_util.DrawOptions(self.screen)
pygame.display.set_caption("2023元旦烟花")
self.space=pymunk.Space()
self.space.gravity=(0,300)
self.space.collision_persistence=0
self.fireball_radius=2
self.fire_radius=2
self.fireballs=[]
self.colors=[
(255,0,0),(255,127,80),(255,140,0),(255,160,122),(240,128,128),(255,99,71),(255,69,0),
(255,105,180),(255,20,147),(208,32,144),(176,48,96),(153,50,204),(255,48,48),
(238,44,44),(205,38,38),(255,255,0),(255,215,0),(255,185,15),(238,201,0),
(34,139,34),(46,139,87),(60,179,113),(0,255,127)
]
self.fires=[]
def listen(self):
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type==QUIT:
sys.exit()
if event.type==MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
self.create_firework(x=pygame.mouse.get_pos()[0])
def create_firework(self,x):
fireball_body=pymunk.Body(mass=1,moment=100,body_type=pymunk.Body.DYNAMIC)
fireball_body.position=x,self.H
fireball_shape=pymunk.Circle(fireball_body,self.fireball_radius)
fireball_shape.elasticity=0.5
self.space.add(fireball_body,fireball_shape)
self.fireballs.append([fireball_shape,rd.choice(self.colors),time.time(),rd.uniform(1,2.2)]) # shape,color,startTime,lastTime
fireball_body.apply_impulse_at_local_point((0,rd.randint(-730,-500)),(0,0))
def draw(self):
self.screen.fill((0,0,0))
i=0
while i<len(self.fireballs):
fireball,color,startTime,lastTime=self.fireballs[i]
pygame.draw.circle(self.screen,color,fireball.body.position,self.fireball_radius)
nowTime=time.time()
boomTime=startTime+lastTime
if nowTime>boomTime:
popball=self.fireballs.pop(i)
length=50
for degree in range(90,450,10):
bias=1
length+=rd.randint(-bias,bias)
maximum,minimum=100,25
if length>maximum:
length=maximum
elif length<minimum:
length=minimum
radians=math.radians(degree)
x_force=math.sin(radians)*length
y_force=math.cos(radians)*length
body=pymunk.Body(mass=1,moment=100,body_type=pymunk.Body.DYNAMIC)
body.position=popball[0].body.position
shape=pymunk.Circle(body,self.fire_radius)
self.space.add(body,shape)
self.fires.append([shape,popball[1],time.time(),rd.uniform(0.5,1.5)]) # shape,color,startTime,lastTime
body.apply_impulse_at_local_point((x_force,y_force),(0,0))
self.space.remove(popball[0])
i-=1
i+=1
i=0
while i<len(self.fires):
fire,color,startTime,lastTime=self.fires[i]
pos=fire.body.position
pygame.draw.circle(self.screen,color,pos,self.fire_radius)
nowTime=time.time()
deleteTime=startTime+lastTime
if nowTime>deleteTime:
self.fires.pop(i)
self.space.remove(fire)
i-=1
elif pos[0]<0 or pos[0]>self.W or pos[1]>self.H:
self.fires.pop(i)
self.space.remove(fire)
i-=1
i+=1
def run(self):
clock=pygame.time.Clock()
FPS=60
while True:
clock.tick(FPS)
self.listen()
self.draw()
self.space.step(1/FPS)
pygame.display.update()
if __name__=="__main__":
firework=Firework()
firework.run()
此时我仿佛听见你说:一直按鼠标手好酸啊!
那没事,我们改成自动就好啦!
只需要修改一部分内容就好
首先需要一个自定义事件(全局变量)
CREATE_FIREBALL=USEREVENT+1
run中while循环前添加这一行,用来启动事件循环,第二个参数是间隔时间,单位是毫秒,可以自己修改
pygame.time.set_timer(CREATE_FIREBALL,120)
将listen改成这样
def listen(self):
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type==QUIT:
sys.exit()
if event.type==CREATE_FIREBALL:
self.create_firework(x=rd.randint(0,self.W))
这样就大功告成啦!
手动放烟花和自动放烟花的完整代码,作者都已经放到GitHub啦!
https://github.com/LeaderLeLe/Firework2023
https://github.com/LeaderLeLe/Firework2023.git
喜欢的话就来个3连吧~~