JavaScript：栈的封装及十进制转二进制栈方法实现案例

news2024/12/24 2:39:59

栈的定义：是只允许在一端进行插入或删除的线性表。首先栈是一种线性表，但限定这种线性表只能在某一端进行插入和删除操作。

JavaScript中对栈的封装

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>栈的封装</title>
</head>
<body>
  <script>
    // Method：和某一个对象实例有联系
    // function
    // 封装栈类
    function Stack() {
      // 栈的属性
      this.items = []
      // 栈的相关操作
      // 1.将元素压入栈
      Stack.prototype.push = function(element) {
        this.items.push(element)
      }
      // 2.从栈中取出元素
      Stack.prototype.pop = function() {
        return this.items.pop()
      }
      // 3.查看下一栈顶元素
      Stack.prototype.peek = function() {
        return this.items[this.items.length - 1]
      }
      // 4.判断栈是否为空
      Stack.prototype.isEmpty = function() {
        return this.items.length == 0
      }
      // 5.获取栈中元素的个数
      Stack.prototype.size = function() {
        return this.items.length
      }
      // 6.toString方法
      Stack.prototype.toString = function() {
        // 20 10 12 8 7 6 
        var resultString = ''
        for(var i = 0 ; i < this.items.length ; i++) {
          resultString += this.items[i]+' '
        }
        return resultString
      }
    }
    //栈的使用
    var s = new Stack()
    s.push(20)//20
    s.push(10)//20 10
    s.push(100)//20 10 100
    s.push(200)//20 10 100 200
    alert(s)//20 10 100 200
    s.pop()//20 10 100
    s.pop()//20 10
    alert(s.isEmpty())//false
    alert(s.size())//2
  </script>
</body>
</html>

栈的应用案例-->十进制转二进制

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>十进制转换为二进制栈实现</title>
</head>
<body>
  <script>
    function Stack() {
      this.items = []
      Stack.prototype.push = function(element) {
        this.items.push(element)
      }
      Stack.prototype.pop = function() {
        return this.items.pop()
      }
      Stack.prototype.peek = function() {
        return this.items[this.items.length - 1]
      }
      Stack.prototype.isEmpty = function() {
        return this.items.length == 0
      }
      Stack.prototype.size = function() {
        return this.items.length
      }
      Stack.prototype.toString = function() {
        var resultString = ''
        for(var i = 0 ; i < this.items.length ; i++) {
          resultString += this.items[i]+' '
        }
        return resultString
      }
    }
    function dec2bin(decNumber) {
      // 定义一个栈对象
      var stack = new Stack()
      // 循环操作
      while(decNumber > 0) {
        // 取余数，并且压到栈中去
        stack.push(decNumber%2)
        // 获取整除后的结果，作为下一次运算数字
        decNumber = Math.floor(decNumber/2)
      }  
      // 从栈中取出0和1
      var binaryString = ''
      while(!stack.isEmpty()) {
        binaryString += stack.pop()
      }
      return binaryString 
    }
    // 测试十进制转二进制的函数
    alert(dec2bin(100))
    alert(dec2bin(10))
  </script>
</body>
</html>