WPF本地化/国际化，多语言切换

之前写过winformwinform使用本地化，中英文切换_winform 中英文切换_故里2130的博客-CSDN博客

基本的技术差不多，但是后来又发现了一个ResXManager工具，可以更好方便快捷的使用。

首先下载，网络不好的话，去官网下载，然后安装，重启vs即可

wpf做多语言切换

有很多种，可以使用自带的资源去做，就是使用xaml写key值，这种做法是最简单方便的，也是wpf独特使用的，如果有大量的翻译，那么需要人工去翻译，需要转折一次，此种方法就不说了。下面说2种使用.resx资源和ResXManager工具来做。唯一的好处，就是自带翻译功能，方便快捷。

第一种

1.此处使用.net6创建wpf项目，与.net framework不一样，.net framework要简单一些

建立如图项目

2.打开ResXManager工具

3.点击新增语言，增加几个语种

增加后，双击增加的语种，就会自动生成对应的.resx文件，想要多少种语言，就可以增加多少种

最后要修改一下后缀名，否则报错。

4. 点击翻译

此处，可以导出Excel，让别人翻译，然后再导入，也可以使用在线翻译的功能，点击翻译。

5.效果

6. 创建LanguageManager.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Resources;
using System.Text;

namespace WpfApp1.Resources
{
    public class LanguageManager : INotifyPropertyChanged
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 资源
        /// </summary>
        private readonly ResourceManager _resourceManager;

        /// <summary>
        /// 懒加载
        /// </summary>
        private static readonly Lazy<LanguageManager> _lazy = new Lazy<LanguageManager>(() => new LanguageManager());   
        public static LanguageManager Instance => _lazy.Value;
        public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

        public LanguageManager()
        {
            //获取此命名空间下Resources的Lang的资源，Lang可以修改
            _resourceManager = new ResourceManager("WpfApp1.Resources.Lang", typeof(LanguageManager).Assembly);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 索引器的写法，传入字符串的下标
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"></exception>
        public string this[string name]
        {
            get
            {
                if (name == null)
                {
                    throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
                }
                return _resourceManager.GetString(name);
            }
        }

        public void ChangeLanguage(CultureInfo cultureInfo)
        {
            CultureInfo.CurrentCulture = cultureInfo;
            CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture = cultureInfo;
            PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("item[]"));  //字符串集合，对应资源的值
        }
    }
}

7.xaml界面

<Window x:Class="WpfApp1.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfApp1.Resources"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        xmlns:res="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Resources;assembly=PresentationFramework"
       
        Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800">
    <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Center">
        <ComboBox x:Name="LanguageList" SelectedIndex="0" Margin="10" SelectionChanged="LanguageList_SelectionChanged"/>
        <!--这里绑定字符串的值，Source来源于语言的集合，Mode是响应的方式，有些需要，有些不需要-->
        <TextBlock FontSize="20" Margin="10" Text="{Binding [String1], Source={x:Static local:LanguageManager.Instance}}"/>
        <TextBox FontSize="20" Margin="10"   Text="{Binding [String2], Source={x:Static local:LanguageManager.Instance}, Mode=OneWay}"/>
        <Button FontSize="20" Margin="10" Content="{Binding [String3], Source={x:Static local:LanguageManager.Instance}}"/>
    </StackPanel>
</Window>

8.后台

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using WpfApp1.Resources;

namespace WpfApp1
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            LanguageList.ItemsSource = new List<string>
            {
                "en-Us",
                "zh-CN",
                "ar"
            };
  //this.DataContext = new Lazy<LanguageManager>(() => new LanguageManager()).Value;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 下拉框赋值语言的类型
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void LanguageList_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            LanguageManager.Instance.ChangeLanguage(new CultureInfo((sender as ComboBox).SelectedItem.ToString()));
        }
    }
}

此处使用mvvm的话，可以直接绑定，1对1绑定语言

9.效果

第二种

1.首先创建一个程序

2.在Resources文件夹中，创建文件

3.GlobalClass.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;

namespace WpfApp2.Resources
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 全局类
    /// </summary>
    public static class GlobalClass
    {
        static bool? inDesignMode = null;
        /// <summary>
        /// 判断是设计器还是程序运行
        /// </summary>
        public static bool InDesignMode
        {
            get
            {
                if (inDesignMode == null)
                {
#if SILVERLIGHT
                    inDesignMode = DesignerProperties.IsInDesignTool;
#else
                    var prop = DesignerProperties.IsInDesignModeProperty;
                    inDesignMode = (bool)DependencyPropertyDescriptor.FromProperty(prop, typeof(FrameworkElement)).Metadata.DefaultValue;

                    if (!inDesignMode.GetValueOrDefault(false) && Process.GetCurrentProcess().ProcessName.StartsWith("devenv", StringComparison.Ordinal))
                        inDesignMode = true;
#endif
                }

                return inDesignMode.GetValueOrDefault(false);
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 语言改变通知事件
        /// </summary>
        public static EventHandler<EventArgs> LanguageChangeEvent;
        static Resource StringResource;
        static GlobalClass()
        {
            StringResource = new Resource();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取资源内容
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="key"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string GetString(string key)
        {
            return StringResource.GetString(key);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 改变语言
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="language">CultureInfo列表(http://www.csharpwin.com/csharpspace/8948r7277.shtml)</param>
        public static void ChangeLanguage(string language)
        {
            CultureInfo culture = new CultureInfo(language);
            Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = culture;
            Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = culture;

            StringResource.CurrentCulture = culture;

            if (LanguageChangeEvent != null)
            {
                LanguageChangeEvent(null, null);
            }
        }
    }
}

4.Resource.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Resources;

namespace WpfApp2.Resources
{
    public interface IResource
    {
        string GetString(string name);
        CultureInfo CurrentCulture { set; }
    }
    public class Resource : IResource
    {
        private ResourceManager stringResource;
        //我们这样设置的时候ResourceManager会去查找MultilanguageTest.StringResource.en-us.resx,如果没有会查找MultilanguageTest.StringResource.resx
        private CultureInfo culture = new CultureInfo("zh-cn");     //默认值
        public Resource()
        {
            //MultilanguageTest.StringResource是根名称，该实例使用指定的System.Reflection.Assmbly查找从指定的跟名称导出的文件中包含的资源
            //此处注意WpfApp2.Resources.Lang，Lang是资源文件的名字
            stringResource = new ResourceManager("WpfApp2.Resources.Lang", typeof(Resource).Assembly);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 通过资源名称获取资源内容
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string GetString(string name)
        {
            return stringResource.GetString(name, culture);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 改变当前的区域信息，ResourceManager可以通过当前区域信息去查找.resx文件
        /// </summary>
        public CultureInfo CurrentCulture
        {
            set
            {
                culture = value;
            }
        }
    }
}

5.StringResourceExtension.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Markup;

namespace WpfApp2.Resources
{
    [MarkupExtensionReturnType(typeof(BindingExpression))]
    public class StringResourceExtension : MarkupExtension, INotifyPropertyChanged
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 资源的名称，与资源文件StringResource.resx对应
        /// </summary>
        [ConstructorArgument("key")]
        public string Key
        {
            get;
            set;
        }
        string _DefaultValue;
        /// <summary>
        /// 默认值，为了使在设计器的情况时把默认值绑到设计器
        /// </summary>
        public string DefaultValue
        {
            get
            {
                return _DefaultValue;
            }
            set
            {
                _DefaultValue = value;
            }
        }
        string _Value;
        /// <summary>
        /// 资源的具体内容，通过资源名称也就是上面的Key找到对应内容
        /// </summary>
        public string Value
        {
            get
            {
                ///如果为设计器模式,本地的资源没有实例化，我们不能从资源文件得到内容，所以从KEY或默认值绑定到设计器去
                if (GlobalClass.InDesignMode)
                {
                    if (Key != null && DefaultValue != null)
                        return DefaultValue;
                    if (Key == null && DefaultValue != null)
                        return DefaultValue;
                    if (Key != null && DefaultValue == null)
                        return Key;
                    if (Key == null && DefaultValue == null)
                        return "NULL";
                }
                else
                {
                    if (Key != null)
                    {
                        string strResault = null;
                        try
                        {
                            strResault = GlobalClass.GetString(Key);
                        }
                        catch
                        {
                        }
                        if (strResault == null)
                        {
                            strResault = _DefaultValue;
                        }
                        return strResault;
                    }
                }
                return _Value;
            }
            set
            {
                _Value = value;
            }
        }
        public StringResourceExtension(string key)
            : this()
        {
            Key = key;
            GlobalClass.LanguageChangeEvent += new EventHandler<EventArgs>(Language_Event);
        }
        public StringResourceExtension(string key, string DefaultValue)
            : this()
        {
            Key = key;
            _DefaultValue = DefaultValue;
            GlobalClass.LanguageChangeEvent += new EventHandler<EventArgs>(Language_Event);

        }
        public StringResourceExtension()
        {
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 每一标记扩展实现的 ProvideValue 方法能在可提供上下文的运行时使用 IServiceProvider。然后会查询此 IServiceProvider 以获取传递信息的特定服务
        ///当 XAML 处理器在处理一个类型节点和成员值，且该成员值是标记扩展时，它将调用该标记扩展的 ProvideValue 方法并将结果写入到对象关系图或序列化流,XAML 对象编写器将服务环境通过 serviceProvider 参数传递到每个此类实现。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="serviceProvider"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public override object ProvideValue(IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
        {
            IProvideValueTarget target = serviceProvider.GetService(typeof(IProvideValueTarget)) as IProvideValueTarget;

            Setter setter = target.TargetObject as Setter;
            if (setter != null)
            {
                return new Binding("Value") { Source = this, Mode = BindingMode.OneWay };
            }
            else
            {
                Binding binding = new Binding("Value") { Source = this, Mode = BindingMode.OneWay };
                return binding.ProvideValue(serviceProvider);
            }
        }
        public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

        static readonly System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventArgs
            valueChangedEventArgs = new System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventArgs("Value");

        protected void NotifyValueChanged()
        {
            if (PropertyChanged != null)
                PropertyChanged(this, valueChangedEventArgs);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 语言改变通知事件，当程序初始化的时候会绑定到全局的GlobalClass.LanguageChangeEvent事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void Language_Event(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //通知Value值已经改变，需重新获取
            NotifyValueChanged();
        }
    }
}

6.创建3个语言的文件