《C++ Primer Plus》(第6版)第5章编程练习
- 《C++ Primer Plus》(第6版)第5章编程练习
- 1. 计算闭区间内的整数和
- 2. 重新编写程序清单5.4
- 3. 累加
- 4. 投资价值
- 5. 销售情况
- 6. 销售情况2
- 7. 汽车
- 8. 统计单词数量
- 9. 统计单词数量2
- 10. 嵌套循环
《C++ Primer Plus》(第6版)第5章编程练习
1. 计算闭区间内的整数和
编写一个要求用户输入两个整数的程序。该程序将计算并输出这两个整数之间(包括这两个整数)所有整数的和。这里假设先输入较小的整数。例如,如果用户输入的是2和9,则程序将指出2~9之间所有整数的和为44。
代码:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a, b, sum = 0;
cout << "Please give me two numbers a and b(a<b),\n";
cout << " and I will calculate the sum of the integers in the interval [a,b].\n";
cout << "a: ";
cin >> a;
cout << "b: ";
cin >> b;
for (int i = a; i <= b; i++)
sum += i;
cout << "result:" << sum << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
运行结果:
2. 重新编写程序清单5.4
使用 array对象(而不是数组)和 long double(而不是long long)重新编写程序清单5.4,并计算100!的值。
代码:
#include <iostream>
#include <array>
using namespace std;
const int ArrSize = 101;
int main()
{
array<long double, ArrSize> factorials;
factorials[0] = factorials[1] = 1;
for (int i = 2; i < ArrSize; i++)
factorials[i] = i * factorials[i - 1];
cout << "100!=" << factorials[100] << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
运行结果:
3. 累加
编写一个要求用户输入数字的程序。每次输入后,程序都将报告到目前为止,所有输入的累计和。当用户输入0时,程序结束。
代码:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int num, sum = 0;
cout << "Please enter the number,\n";
cout << "and I will calculate the cumulative sum of the input.\n";
cout << "(enter 0 to end the program)" << endl;
while (cin >> num && num != 0)
{
sum += num;
cout << "total:" << sum << endl;
}
cout << "Done!\n";
system("pause");
return 0;
}
运行结果:
4. 投资价值
Daphne 以10%的单利投资了100美元。也就是说,每一年的利润都是投资额的10%,即每年10美元:
利息=0.10×原始存款
而Cleo以5%的复利投资了100美元。也就是说,利息是当前存款(包括获得的利息的5%,:
利息=0.05×当前存款
Cleo在第一年投资100美元的盈利是5%——得到了105美元。下一年的盈利是105美元的5%—–即5.25美元,依此类推。请编写一个程序,计算多少年后,Cleo 的投资价值才能超过Daphne的投资价值,并显示此时两个人的投资价值。
代码:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#define SIMPLE_RATE 0.10
#define COMPOUND_RATE 0.05
int main()
{
double Daphne = 100, Cleo = 100;
double principal = 100;
unsigned year = 0;
while (Cleo <= Daphne)
{
Daphne += SIMPLE_RATE * principal;
Cleo += COMPOUND_RATE * Cleo;
year++;
// cout << "year " << year << ":\n";
// cout << "Daphne:" << Daphne << endl;
// cout << "Cleo:" << Cleo << endl;
}
cout << year << " years later,";
cout << " the investment value of Cleo exceeds the investment value of Daphne.\n";
system("pause");
return 0;
}
运行结果:
5. 销售情况
假设要销售《C++ For Fools》一书。请编写一个程序,输入全年中每个月的销售量(图书数量,而不是销售额)。程序通过循环,使用初始化为月份字符串的char*数组(或string对象数组逐月进行提示,并将输入的数据储存在一个int数组中。然后,程序计算数组中各元素的总数,并报告这一年的销售情况。
代码:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#define MONTHS 12
const string months[12] = {
"January",
"February",
"March",
"April",
"May",
"June",
"July",
"August",
"September",
"October",
"November",
"December"};
int main()
{
int sales[MONTHS];
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < MONTHS; i++)
{
cout << "Please enter the sales volume for " << months[i] << ":";
cin >> sales[i];
}
for (int i = 0; i < MONTHS; i++)
{
cout << months[i] << " sales:" << sales[i] << endl;
sum += sales[i];
}
cout << "Annual sales:" << sum << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
运行结果:
6. 销售情况2
完成编程练习5,但这一次使用一个二维数组来存储输入——3年中每个月的销售量。程序将报告每年销售量以及三年的总销售量。
代码:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#define YEAR 3
#define MONTH 12
const string months[12] = {
"January",
"February",
"March",
"April",
"May",
"June",
"July",
"August",
"September",
"October",
"November",
"December"};
int main()
{
int sales[YEAR][MONTH] = {0};
int annualSales[YEAR] = {0};
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < YEAR; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < MONTH; j++)
{
cout << "Please enter the sales volume for year " << i + 1 << " month " << months[j] << ":";
cin >> sales[i][j];
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < YEAR; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < MONTH; j++)
{
cout << "year " << i + 1 << " month " << months[i] << " sales:" << sales[i][j] << endl;
annualSales[i] += sales[i][j];
}
}
cout << "Annual sales:\n";
for (int i = 0; i < YEAR; i++)
{
cout << "year " << i + 1 << ":" << annualSales[i] << endl;
sum += annualSales[i];
}
cout << "Total sales:" << sum << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
7. 汽车
设计一个名为car的结构,用它存储下述有关汽车的信息:生产商(存储在字符数组或string对象中的字符串)、生产年份(整数)。编写一个程序,向用户询问有多少辆汽车。随后,程序使用new来创建一个由相应数量的car结构组成的动态数组。接下来,程序提示用户输入每辆车的生产商(可能由多个单词组成)和年份信息。请注意,这需要特别小心,因为它将交替读取数值和字符串(参见第4章)。最后,程序将显示每个结构的内容。该程序的运行情况如下:
How many cars do you wish to catalog? 2
car #1:
Please enter the make: Hudson Hornet
Please enter the year made: 1952
car #2:
please efter themake: Kaiser
please enter the year made:1951
Here is your colrection :
1952 Hudson Hornet
1951 Kaiser
代码:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
struct Car
{
string producer;
int madeYear;
};
int main()
{
int num = 0;
cout << "How many cars do you wish to catalog? ";
cin >> num;
cin.get();
Car *cars = new Car[num];
for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
{
cout << "car #" << i + 1 << ":\n";
cout << "Please enter the make: ";
getline(cin, cars[i].producer);
cout << "Please enter the year made: ";
cin >> cars[i].madeYear;
cin.get();
}
cout << "Here is your collection:\n";
for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
cout << cars[i].madeYear << " " << cars[i].producer << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
运行结果:
8. 统计单词数量
编写个程序,它使用一个char数组和循环来每次读取一个单词,直到用户输入done为止。随后,该程序指出用户输入了多少个单词(不包括done在内)。下面是该程序的运行情况:
Enter words (to stop, type the word done):
anteater birthday category dumpster
envy finagle geometry done for sure
You entered a total of 7 words.
您应在程序中包含头文件cstring,并使用函数strcmp()来进行比较测试。
代码:
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#define ArrSize 30
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char word[ArrSize];
int count = 0;
cout << "Enter words (to stop, type the word done):\n";
while (cin >> word && strcmp("done", word))
count++;
cout << "You entered a total of " << count << " words.\n";
system("pause");
return 0;
}
运行结果:
9. 统计单词数量2
编写一个满足前一个练习中描述的程序,但使用string对象而不是字符数组。请在程序中包含头文件string并使用关系运算符来进行比较测试。
代码:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string word;
int count = 0;
cout << "Enter words (to stop, type the word done):\n";
while (cin >> word && word != "done")
count++;
cout << "You entered a total of " << count << " words.\n";
system("pause");
return 0;
}
运行结果:
10. 嵌套循环
编写一个使用嵌套循环的程序,要求用户输入一个值,指出要显示多少行。然后,程序将显示相应行数的星号,其中第一行包括一个星号,第二行包括两个星号,依此类推。每一行包含的字符数等于用户指定的行数,在星号不够的情况下,在星号前面加上句点。该程序的运行情况如下:
Enter number of rows: 5
....*
...**
..***
.****
*****
代码:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int num = 0;
cout << "Enter number of rows: ";
cin >> num;
for (int i = 1; i <= num; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < num - i; j++)
cout << ".";
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
cout << "*";
cout << endl;
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
运行结果: