CentOS7.x下部署oracle19c环境

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前言

记录一次部署oracle19c的部署过程

一、环境准备工作

1.1、虚拟机搭建及关闭防火墙和selinux

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
vim /etc/selinux/config
selinux改为下面的配置
SELINUX=disabled
最后重启
reboot

1.2、RPM包预安装

使用预安装包可以需要另外创建用户、不需要另外建用户组
内核参数不用配置、软限制硬限制不需要做
安装rpm包时候提示需要依赖如下的包，我的虚拟机是最小化系统安装，按照提示缺什么就安装什么依赖包。

[root@node01 install]# rpm -ivh oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
	bind-utils is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64
	compat-libcap1 is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64
	glibc-devel is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64
	ksh is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64
	libaio-devel is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64
	libstdc++-devel is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64
	net-tools is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64
	nfs-utils is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64
	psmisc is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64
	smartmontools is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64
	sysstat is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64
	unzip is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64
	xorg-x11-utils is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64
	xorg-x11-xauth is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64
[root@node01 install]# rpm -ivh oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.################################# [100%]

1.3、检查安装情况用户组已创建完成

[root@node01 install]# grep oracle /etc/passwd
oracle:x:54321:54321::/home/oracle:/bin/bash
[root@node01 install]# grep dba /etc/group
dba:x:54322:oracle
backupdba:x:54324:oracle
dgdba:x:54325:oracle
kmdba:x:54326:oracle
racdba:x:54330:oracle
[root@node01 install]# grep oinstall /etc/group
oinstall:x:54321:oracle

1.4、创建目录

mkdir -p /home/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1
将/home/u01路径下的全部文件夹，递归更改所属用户以及用户组
chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/u01
权限更改 775（所属用户和组的权限是rwx，其他用户是x）
chmod -R 775 /home/u01

1.5、修改/etc/hosts 文件

[root@node01 u01]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
172.10.10.12 node01

1.6、设置oracle口令

[root@node01 u01]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password: 
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password: 
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

1.7、设置环境变量

[root@node01 u01]# su - oracle
[oracle@node01 ~]$ vim .bash_profile

export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.3.0/db_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

[oracle@node01 ~]$ source .bash_profile

[oracle@node01 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
orcl
[oracle@node01 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
/home/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1

1.8、将oracle软件包（LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip）上传到oracle家目录

将oracle软件包（LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip）上传到oracle家目录（/home/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1）
将上传好的压缩包的所有者改成oracle，所属组改成oinstall（在root用户下完成）

1.9、调图形化页面

先进行DISPLAY配置

[oracle@node01 db_1]$ export DISPLAY=172.10.10.12:0.0

调出ORACLE-INSTALL的图形化界面（如x-shell无响应，直接去虚拟机内运行，虚拟机内运行无需配置上条DISPLAY命令）
使用MobaXterm工具进行安装，使用oracle用户登录

二、数据库软件安装

2.1图形界面安装

注意通过root账号运行下面路径的脚本

最后安装完毕数据库软件

2.2离线所依赖的rpm包下载地址

所需要的依赖包必须安装（rpm包下载地址）
http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php?query=vulkan-filesystem&submit=Search+…&system=&arch=

三、安装数据库

3.1使用dbca安装数据库

3.2使用netca配置监听

[oracle@node01 ~]$ netca

Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Configuring Listener:LISTENER
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/home/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0