文章目录

1 微服务
- 1.1 微服务概念
- 1.2 SpringCloud
- 1.3 工程搭建
- 1.4 支付模块构建
- - cloud-provider-payment-8001

1 微服务

1.1 微服务概念

概念

Microservice architectures are the ‘new normal’. Building small, self-contained, ready to run applications can bring great flexibility and added resilience to your code. Spring Boot’s many purpose-built features make it easy to build and run your microservices in production at scale. And don’t forget, no microservice architecture is complete without Spring Cloud ‒ easing administration and boosting your fault-tolerance.

微服务是一种架构模式，提倡将单一应用程序划分成一组小的服务，服务之间互相协调、互相配合，为用户提供最终价值。每个服务运行在其独立的进程中，服务之间采用轻量级的通信机制互相协作。每个服务都围绕具体业务构建，并且能够独立的部署到生产环境、类生产环境等。

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1.2 SpringCloud

SpringCloud：

Spring Cloud can help with service discovery, load-balancing, circuit-breaking, distributed tracing, and monitoring. It can even act as an API gateway.

分布式微服务架构的一站式解决方案，是多种微服务架构落地技术的集合体

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官方文档

(截至2020年份) Cloud升级

服务名	使用状况
服务注册中心	Eureka（×）、Zookeeper、Consul、Nacos
服务调用	Ribbon、LoadBalancer \| Feign（×）、OpenFeign
服务降级	Hystrix（×）、resilience4j、sentinel
服务网关	Zuul（×）、gateway
服务配置	Config（×）、Nacos
服务总线	Bus（×）、Nacos

1.3 工程搭建

约定 > 配置 > 编码

1.新建maven工程

2.检查字符编码是否正确
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3.注解生效激活
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4.检查jdk配置

5.配置依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.cyan</groupId>
    <artifactId>cloud</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <!-- 统一管理jar包版本 -->
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
        <druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
        <mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
    </properties>

    <!-- 子模块继承后：锁定版本+子模块无需写组名和版本号 -->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- springboot 2.2.2 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- SpringCloud Hoxton.SR1-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- SpringCloud Alibaba 2.1.0 RELEASE -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- mysql -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- druid-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>${druid.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- mybatis -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- junit -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- log4j -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>${log4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- lombok -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <version>${lombok.version}</version>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
</project>

知识补充

dependencyManagement

maven使用dependencyManagement来提供一种管理依赖版本号的方式

通常在一个组织或项目的最顶层的父POM看到dependencyManagement元素

使用pom.xml中的dependencyManagement元素能让所有在子项目中引用一个依赖而不用显示列出版本号，maven会沿着父子层次向上走，直到找到一个拥有dependencyManagement元素的项目，然后它就会使用dependencyManagement元素指定的版本号

优势： 多个子项目引用同样依赖，可以避免在每个子项目中声明一个版本号，若升级或切换其他版本号，仅需要在顶层父容器更新，不需要一个一个子项目的修改；另外若某子项目需要另外版本，仅需要声明version

dependencyManagement只是声明依赖，并不实现引入，因此项目需要显示声明需要的依赖
若不在子项目中声明依赖，是不会从父项目中继承下来的；只有在子项目中写了该依赖，并且没有指定具体版本，才会从父项目中继承该项，并且version和scope都读取父pom
如果子项目中指定了版本号，那么会使用子项目中指定的jar版本

父工程创建完成执行mvn:install将父工程发布到仓库方便子工程继承

1.4 支付模块构建

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微服务模块构建

建module
改POM
YML
主启动
业务类

cloud-provider-payment-8001

1.建cloud-provider-payment-8001

2.修改pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.cyan</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-provider-payment-8001</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

3.配置YML

server:
  port: 8001

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-payment-service
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2019?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: root


mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.cyan.springcloud.entities

4.主启动搭建

@SpringBootApplication
public class PaymentMain8001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class, args);
    }
}

5.数据库搭建

CREATE TABLE `payment` (
	`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT'ID',
   `serial` varchar(200) DEFAULT'',
   PRIMARY KEY(`id`)
)ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

6.业务逻辑

实体类

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Payment implements Serializable {

    private Long id;
    private String serial;
}

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<T> {

    private Integer code;
    private String message;
    private T data;

    public CommonResult(Integer code, String message) {
        this(code, message, null);
    }
}

数据访问层

@Mapper
public interface PaymentDao {

    int create(Payment payment);

    Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.cyan.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao">
    <insert id="create" parameterType="Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
        INSERT INTO payment(serial) VALUES(#{serial});
    </insert>

    <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.cyan.springcloud.entities.Payment">
        <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/>
        <id column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="getPaymentById" parameterType="Long" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
        SELECT * FROM payment WHERE id = #{id};
    </select>
</mapper>

业务逻辑层

public interface PaymentService {

    int create(Payment payment);

    Payment getPaymentById(Long id);
}

@Service
public class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService {

    @Resource
    private PaymentDao paymentDao;

    @Override
    public int create(Payment payment) {
       return paymentDao.create(payment);
    }

    @Override
    public Payment getPaymentById(Long id) {
        return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id);
    }
}

控制器层

@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/payment")
public class PaymentController {

    @Resource
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @PostMapping(value = "/create")
    public CommonResult create(Payment payment) {
        int result = paymentService.create(payment);
        log.info("插入结果：{}", result);
        if (result > 0) {
            return new CommonResult(200, "Insert Success", result);
        } else {
            return new CommonResult(500, "Insert Failed", null);
        }
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);
        log.info("查询结果：{}", payment);

        if (payment != null) {
            return new CommonResult(200, "Query Success", payment);
        } else {
            return new CommonResult(404, "Query Failed" + id, null);
        }
    }
}