定义于头文件 <fstream>
template< class CharT, |
类模板 basic_ifstream 实现文件流上的高层输入操作。它将 std::basic_istream 的高层接口赋予基于文件的流缓冲( std::basic_filebuf )。
std::basic_ifstream 的典型实现仅保有一个非导出数据成员: std::basic_filebuf<CharT, Traits> 的实例。
亦对常用字符类型定义二个特化:
类型 | 定义 |
ofstream | basic_ofstream<char> |
wofstream | basic_ofstream<wchar_t> |
成员函数
移动文件流
std::basic_ofstream<CharT,Traits>::operator=
basic_ofstream& operator=( basic_ofstream&& other ); | (C++11 起) |
移动赋值文件流 other
给 *this
,等效地移动赋值 std::basic_ostream 基类和关联的 std::basic_filebuf 。
将 other
置为无关联文件。注意基类移动赋值交换 *this 与 other
间的所有流状态变量(除了 rdbuf )。
参数
other | - | 要移动的文件流。 |
返回值
*this
调用示例
#include <fstream>
#include <utility>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
std::ofstream ofstream1("test1.txt", std::ios::out);
std::cout << "ofstream1 is: " << (ofstream1 ? "true" : "false") << std::endl;
ofstream1 << "hello" << " ";
std::cout << std::endl;
//移动赋值文件流 other 给 *this ,等效地移动赋值 std::basic_ostream 基类和关联的 std::basic_filebuf 。
std::ofstream ofstream2 = std::move(ofstream1);
std::cout << "ofstream1 is: " << (ofstream1.is_open() ? "true" : "false") << std::endl;
std::cout << "ofstream2 is: " << (ofstream2.is_open() ? "true" : "false") << std::endl;
ofstream2 << "word" << "!";
std::cout << std::endl;
ofstream1.close();
ofstream2.close();
std::ifstream ifstream1("test1.txt", std::ios::in);
std::cout << "ifstream1 is: " << (ifstream1.is_open() ? "true" : "false") << std::endl;
if (ifstream1.is_open())
{
std::cout << ifstream1.rdbuf() << std::endl;
}
std::cout << std::endl;
return 0;
}
交换二个文件流
std::basic_ofstream<CharT,Traits>::swap
void swap( basic_ofstream& other ); | (C++11 起) |
交换流与 other
的状态。
通过调用 basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>::swap(other) 和 rdbuf()->swap(other.rdbuf()) 进行。
参数
other | - | 要交换状态的流 |
返回值
(无)
调用示例
#include <fstream>
#include <utility>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
std::ofstream ofstream1("test1.txt", std::ios::out);
std::cout << "ofstream1 is: " << (ofstream1 ? "true" : "false") << std::endl;
std::ofstream ofstream2("test2.txt", std::ios::out);
std::cout << "ofstream2 is: " << (ofstream2 ? "true" : "false") << std::endl;
std::cout << std::endl;
ofstream1 << "hello 1" << " ";
ofstream2 << "hello 2" << " ";
//交换流与 other 的状态。
//通过调用 basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>::swap(other) 和 rdbuf()->swap(other.rdbuf()) 进行。
std::cout << "ofstream1.swap(ofstream2) " << std::endl;
ofstream1.swap(ofstream2);
ofstream1 << "hello 1" << " ";
ofstream2 << "hello 2" << " ";
ofstream1.close();
ofstream2.close();
std::cout << std::endl;
std::ifstream ifstream1("test1.txt", std::ios::in);
std::cout << "ifstream1 is: " << (ifstream1.is_open() ? "true" : "false") << std::endl;
if (ifstream1.is_open())
{
std::cout << ifstream1.rdbuf() << std::endl;
}
std::cout << std::endl;
std::ifstream ifstream2("test2.txt", std::ios::in);
std::cout << "ifstream2 is: " << (ifstream2.is_open() ? "true" : "false") << std::endl;
if (ifstream2.is_open())
{
std::cout << ifstream2.rdbuf() << std::endl;
}
std::cout << std::endl;
return 0;
}
输出
返回底层未处理的文件设备对象
std::basic_ofstream<CharT,Traits>::rdbuf
std::basic_filebuf<CharT, Traits>* rdbuf() const; | (C++11 起) |
返回指向底层未处理文件设备对象的指针。
参数
(无)
返回值
指向底层未处理文件设备对象的指针。