效果

实现 

import com.gideon.entity.ChartPosition;
import com.gideon.entity.LineChart;
import com.gideon.entity.PieChart;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.xddf.usermodel.PresetColor;
import org.apache.poi.xddf.usermodel.XDDFColor;
import org.apache.poi.xddf.usermodel.XDDFSolidFillProperties;
import org.apache.poi.xddf.usermodel.chart.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.*;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.*;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

public class ChartUtils {
    private static XSSFChart createDrawingPatriarch(XSSFSheet sheet, ChartPosition chartPosition, String chartTitle) {
        //创建一个画布
        XSSFDrawing drawing = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
        //前偏移量四个默认0
        XSSFClientAnchor anchor = drawing.createAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, chartPosition.getCol1(), chartPosition.getRow1(), chartPosition.getCol2(), chartPosition.getRow2());
        //创建一个chart对象
        XSSFChart chart = drawing.createChart(anchor);
        //标题
        chart.setTitleText(chartTitle);
        //标题是否覆盖图表
        chart.setTitleOverlay(false);
        return chart;
    }

    /**
     * 创建饼图
     *
     * @param sheet 图表
     * @see com.gideon.entity.PieChart  饼图数据的封装
     * @see com.gideon.entity.ChartPosition 饼图的坐标位置
     */
    public static void createPie(XSSFSheet sheet, ChartPosition chartPosition, PieChart pieChart) {
        String titleName = pieChart.getTitleName();
        List<String> titleList = pieChart.getTitleList();
        List<Integer> dataList = pieChart.getDataList();
        XSSFChart chart = createDrawingPatriarch(sheet, chartPosition, titleName);

        //图例位置
        XDDFChartLegend legend = chart.getOrAddLegend();
        legend.setPosition(LegendPosition.BOTTOM);
        //分类轴标数据
        XDDFDataSource<String> countries = XDDFDataSourcesFactory.fromArray(titleList.toArray(new String[]{}));
        XDDFNumericalDataSource<Integer> values = XDDFDataSourcesFactory.fromArray(dataList.toArray(new Integer[]{}));
        XDDFChartData data = chart.createData(ChartTypes.PIE, null, null);
        //设置为可变颜色
        data.setVaryColors(true);
        //图表加载数据
        data.addSeries(countries, values);

        // 饼图设置颜色
        CTPlotArea plotArea = chart.getCTChart().getPlotArea();
        CTPieSer ser = plotArea.getPieChartArray(0).getSerArray(0);
        CTDPt dpt = ser.addNewDPt();
        List<byte[]> bytes = new ArrayList<>();
        // 设置RGB颜色
        bytes.add(new byte[]{(byte) 51, (byte) 208, (byte) 189});
        bytes.add(new byte[]{(byte) 254, (byte) 190, (byte) 107});
        bytes.add(new byte[]{(byte) 254, (byte) 112, (byte) 110});
        bytes.add(new byte[]{(byte) 81, (byte) 146, (byte) 255});
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            dpt.addNewIdx().setVal(i);
            dpt.addNewSpPr().addNewSolidFill().addNewSrgbClr().setVal(bytes.get(i));
            dpt = ser.addNewDPt();
        }
        // 绘制
        chart.plot(data);

        CTDLbls ctdLbls = chart.getCTChart().getPlotArea().getPieChartArray(0).getSerArray(0).addNewDLbls();
        ctdLbls.addNewShowVal().setVal(false);
        ctdLbls.addNewShowLegendKey().setVal(false);
        // 百分比
        ctdLbls.addNewShowSerName().setVal(false);
        ctdLbls.addNewShowPercent().setVal(true);
        // 类别名称
        ctdLbls.addNewShowCatName().setVal(false);
        // 引导线
        ctdLbls.addNewShowLeaderLines().setVal(false);
        // 数据标签内
        ctdLbls.addNewDLblPos().setVal(STDLblPos.Enum.forString("inEnd"));
    }
}