文章目录
- swagger概述
- swagger常用注解
- @ApiImplicitParam
- swagger的集成方式
- 集成swagger2.9
- 集成swagger2.10
- 集成swagger3
swagger概述
swagger是当下比较流行的实时接口文文档生成工具。接口文档是当前前后端分离项目中必不可少的工具,在前后端开发之前,后端要先出接口文档,前端根据接口文档来进行项目的开发,双方开发结束后在进行联调测试。
swagger提供了界面可视化的api接口文档工具,项目部署后即可看到最新的api接口文档,同时swagger还可以与离线接口文档工具YAPI配合使用。
可视化界面地址:
swagger2访问地址: http://ip地址:端口/swagger-ui.html
swagger3访问地址:http://ip地址:端口/swagger-ui/index.html
可视化界面如下:
swagger常用注解
注释汇总
API注解 | 作用范围 | 使用位置 |
---|---|---|
@Api | 协议集描述 | 用于controller类名的上面 |
@ApiOperation | 协议描述,对方法添加说明 | 用在controller的方法上 |
@ApiResponses | Response集 | 用在controller的方法上 |
@ApiResponse | Response | 用在 @ApiResponses里边 |
@ApiImplicitParams | 非对象参数集 | 用在controller的方法上 |
@ApiImplicitParam | 非对象参数描述 | 用在@ApiImplicitParams的方法里边 |
@ApiModel | 描述请求/响应对象的意义 | 用在请求/响应对象类上 |
@ApiModelProperty | 对象属性 | 用在出入参数对象的字段上 |
示例:
package com.springboot.swagger.controller;
import com.springboot.swagger.qo.UserQo;
import com.springboot.swagger.vo.UserVo;
import io.swagger.annotations.*;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import springfox.documentation.annotations.ApiIgnore;
import java.util.Map;
@RestController(value = "/user")
@Api(value = "用户管理功能集", tags = "用户管理")
public class UserController {
@PostMapping(value = "/getUser")
/**
* value: 描述当前方法的作用
* tags: 对当前方法打标签,如每期开发时都可以打一个标签,标明该方法是那期修改的
*/
@ApiOperation(value = "查询用户",notes = "返回用户信息",tags = "V2.2")
@ApiResponses(value = {
@ApiResponse(code = 200, message = "请求已完成"),
@ApiResponse(code = 201, message = "资源成功被创建"),
@ApiResponse(code = 400, message = "请求中有语法问题,或不能满足请求"),
@ApiResponse(code = 401, message = "未授权客户机访问数据"),
@ApiResponse(code = 403, message = "服务器接受请求,但是拒绝处理"),
@ApiResponse(code = 404, message = "服务器找不到给定的资源;文档不存在"),
@ApiResponse(code = 500, message = "服务器出现异常")}
)
public UserVo getUser(@RequestBody UserQo userQo){
return null;
}
@PostMapping(value = "/addUser")
/**
* value: 描述当前方法的作用
* tags: 对当前方法打标签,如每期开发时都可以打一个标签,标明该方法是那期修改的
*/
@ApiOperation(value = "添加用户",tags = "V2.2",notes = "用于添加用户" +
"<p>返回响应码如下</p>" +
"1001, 用户已存在 \n" +
"1002, 用户不符合规范 \n" +
"-1, 系统错误 \n"
)
@ApiImplicitParams({
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "name", value = "姓名", required = true, dataType = "String", paramType = "query", defaultValue = "张三"),
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "age", value = "年龄", required = true, dataType = "Integer", paramType = "query", defaultValue = "12"),
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "birthday", value = "出生日期 yyyy-MM-dd格式", required = true, dataType = "String", paramType = "query", example = "2020-01-23"),
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "enable", value = "启用禁用", required = true, dataType = "boolean", paramType = "query", defaultValue = "true"),
})
public Map<String,String> addUser(String name,Integer age, String birthday,boolean enable){
return null;
}
@PostMapping("/error")
/**
* 若添加了@ApiIgnore这个注解, 则会在swagger api中忽略此方法
*
*/
@ApiIgnore
@ApiOperation(value = "返回错误",notes = "错误接口",tags = "V2.2")
public void error(){
}
}
package com.springboot.swagger.qo;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
/* 对实体类进行注解 */
@ApiModel(description = "获取用户请求实体类")
public class UserQo {
// dataType一般swagger自己能识别出来,所以不用输入也可以
@ApiModelProperty(value = "姓名",required = true,dataType = "String")
private String name;
@ApiModelProperty(value = "年龄",required = true)
private Integer age;
@ApiModelProperty(value = "生日 yyyy-MM-dd格式",required = true,example = "2020-01-23")
private String birthday;
@ApiModelProperty(value = "是否启用 true:启用 false:禁用",required = true)
private boolean enable;
}
@ApiImplicitParam
属性 | 取值 | 作用 |
---|---|---|
paramType | 查询参数类型 | |
path | 以地址的形式提交数据 | |
query | 直接跟参数完成自动映射赋值 | |
body | 以流的形式提交 仅支持POST | |
header | 参数在request headers 里边提交 | |
form | 以form表单的形式提交 仅支持POST | |
dataType | 参数的数据类型 只作为标志说明,并没有实际验证 | |
Long | ||
String | ||
… | ||
name | 接收参数名 | |
value | 接收参数的意义描述 | |
required | 参数是否必填(默认false) | |
true | 必填 | |
false | 非必填 | |
defaultValue | 默认值 |
paramType 示例详解
path
@PostMapping(value = "/getUser/{id}")
@ApiOperation(value = "获取用户",tags = "V2.2")
@ApiImplicitParams({
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "姓名", required = true, dataType = "String", paramType = "path", defaultValue = "张三"),
})
public Map<String,String> getUser(@PathVariable(name = "id") Long id){
return null;
}
body
@ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(paramType = "body", dataType = "MessageParam", name = "param", value = "信息参数", required = true) })
@RequestMapping(value = "/findById", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@RequestBody MessageParam param
header
@ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(paramType = "header", dataType = "Long", name = "id", value = "信息id", required = true) })
String idstr = request.getHeader("id");
if (StringUtils.isNumeric(idstr)) {
id = Long.parseLong(idstr);
}
form
@ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(paramType = "form", dataType = "Long", name = "id", value = "信息id", required = true) })
@RequestMapping(value = "/findById", method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE, consumes = MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE)
swagger的集成方式
集成swagger2.9
1.pom.xml引入依赖包
<!-- swagger2 集成-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
2.开启swagger功能
在启动类中添加@EnableSwagger2注解开启swagger功能
package com.springboot.swagger;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;
@SpringBootApplication
//开启swagger功能
@EnableSwagger2
public class MainApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MainApplication.class,args);
}
}
3.添加config配置类
package com.springboot.swagger.config;
import com.google.common.collect.Sets;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.service.Contact;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;
/**
* Swagger2的Java配置类
*
* @version 1.0
*/
@Configuration
//@EnableSwagger2 若不想在启动类中添加注解,也可以在这里添加注解,开启swagger功能
public class Swagger2Config {
@Value("${swagger.enable}")
private boolean enable;
@Bean
public Docket createRestApi() {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
.enable(enable)
.produces(Sets.newHashSet("application/json"))
.consumes(Sets.newHashSet("application/json"))
.protocols(Sets.newHashSet("http", "https"))
.apiInfo(apiInfo())
.forCodeGeneration(true)
.select()
// 指定controller存放的目录路径
.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.springboot.swagger"))
// .paths(PathSelectors.ant("/api/v1/*"))
.paths(PathSelectors.any())
.build();
}
private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
return new ApiInfoBuilder()
// 文档标题
.title("系统API服务")
// 文档描述
.description("系统API接口文档")
.version("v1")
.build();
}
}
4.配置文件添加启用/禁用swagger
由于本人在生产环境禁用掉了swagger,所以在application.yml文件中添加了如下配置
#swagger配置, 配置是否启用swagger 生产环境一般禁用掉swagger
swagger:
enable: true
集成swagger2.10
2.9.2与2.10.5之间不同的是2.10需要多引入一个依赖包,并且启用swagger注解由@EnableSwagger2换到了@EnableSwagger2WebMvc注解,其他部分与2.9.2保持一致即可
1.引入依赖
<!-- swagger2 集成-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.10.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
<version>2.10.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>2.10.5</version>
</dependency>
2.开启swagger
注意:2.10.5要使用@EnableSwagger2WebMvc注解
package com.springboot.swagger;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2WebMvc;
@SpringBootApplication
//开启swagger功能
@EnableSwagger2WebMvc
public class MainApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MainApplication.class,args);
}
}
集成swagger3
集成swagger3后,访问地址变成了http://ip地址:端口/swagger-ui/index.html
1.引入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
2.开启swagger
在启动类中添加@EnableOpenApi注解
3.添加配置类
package com.springboot.swagger.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
/**
* Swagger3的Java配置类
*
* @version 1.0
*/
@Configuration
public class Swagger3Config {
@Bean
public Docket createRestApi() {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.OAS_30) // v2 不同
.select()
.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.springboot.swagger")) // 设置扫描路径
.build();
}
}
springboot集成swagger的demo已上传到gitee, 地址:
https://gitee.com/jianlwang/springboot-bucket