目录
一、简单示例:
1.创建文件对象:
2.添加工作表:
3.写入数据:
二、实践出真理
需要先安装xlwt模块
pip install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple xlwt
一、简单示例:
import xlwt
# 创建一个Excel文件对象
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
# 添加一个工作表
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('Sheet1')
# 写入表头
worksheet.write(0, 0, '姓名')
worksheet.write(0, 1, '年龄')
worksheet.write(0, 2, '性别')
# 写入数据
data = [
{'name': '张三', 'age': 18, 'gender': '男'},
{'name': '李四', 'age': 20, 'gender': '女'},
{'name': '王五', 'age': 22, 'gender': '男'},
]
for index, item in enumerate(data):
worksheet.write(index+1, 0, item['name'])
worksheet.write(index+1, 1, item['age'])
worksheet.write(index+1, 2, item['gender'])
# 保存Excel文件
workbook.save('example.xlsx')
以下代码分为以下几个步骤:
1.创建文件对象:
xlwt.Workbook()
2.添加工作表:
workbook.add_sheet('Sheet1')
3.写入数据:
worksheet.write(0, 0, '姓名')
write方法共三个参数:write(行坐标,列坐标,数据)
生成的excel表格内容如下:
二、实践出真理
所以依照上面的示例使用django读取数据库数据并写入到excel表格中
views.py
from django.views.generic import View
import xlwt
class ExportExcel(View):
def post(self, request):
try:
# 创建一个Excel文件对象
workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
# 添加一个工作表
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('Sheet1')
# 写入表头
worksheet.write(0, 0, '序号')
worksheet.write(0, 1, '所属学校')
worksheet.write(0, 2, '学校代码')
worksheet.write(0, 3, '课程名称')
worksheet.write(0, 4, '课程编码')
worksheet.write(0, 5, '课程类别')
worksheet.write(0, 6, '课程专家')
worksheet.write(0, 7, '院校性质')
# 查询数据库
lectures = ArtEducationLecture.objects.all()
# 遍历读取数据并写入
for index, lecture in enumerate(lectures):
worksheet.write(index+1, 0, index+1)
if lecture.colleges:
worksheet.write(index + 1, 1, lecture.colleges.school_name)
worksheet.write(index + 1, 2, lecture.colleges.username)
worksheet.write(index + 1, 7, "艺术" if lecture.colleges.is_artmajor else "非艺术")
if lecture.category:
worksheet.write(index + 1, 5, lecture.category.name)
worksheet.write(index + 1, 3, lecture.lecture_name)
worksheet.write(index + 1, 4, lecture.YK_code)
if lecture.expert:
experts = lecture.expert.all()
expert_list = [expert.name for expert in experts]
expert = ','.join(expert_list)
worksheet.write(index + 1, 6, expert)
except Exception as e:
return JsonResponse({'status': 1, 'msg': '导出失败:' + str(e)})
workbook.save('2023课程汇总表.xlsx')
return JsonResponse({'status': 0, 'msg': '导出成功'})
urls.py
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
url("^export_excel/$", csrf_exempt(admin_views.ExportExcel.as_view())), # 导出优课信息
以上代码,先是使用xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')创建了表格对象,编码是utf-8,如果不指定可能在写入数据时报以下错误:
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe5 in position 0: ordinal not in range(128)
接下来查询数据库表内容lectures = ArtEducationLecture.objects.all(),遍历读取字段内容并写入excel表格中
路由url使用csrf_exempt跳过csrf验证
生成的表格内容如下: