SAP ABAP

方法一：

REPORT ZDCH_09_TEST2.
************************************************************************
*                     DATEN DEFINITION                                 *
************************************************************************
TYPE-POOLS: SLIS.
TABLES:MAKT.
TYPES:
  BEGIN OF T_DATA, "查询出来的数据
    MATNR TYPE MAKT-MATNR,
    MAKTX TYPE MAKT-MAKTX,
    SPRAS TYPE MAKT-SPRAS,
  END   OF T_DATA,
  BEGIN OF T_ALV, "alv显示的数据
    MATNR     TYPE MAKT-MATNR,
    MAKTX     TYPE MAKT-MAKTX,
    SPRAS     TYPE MAKT-SPRAS,
    DD_HANDLE TYPE INT4,  "绑定下拉框对应的组
  END   OF T_ALV.
DATA:
"fieldcat
  GT_FIELDCATALOG TYPE LVC_T_FCAT,
  GW_FIELDCATALOG TYPE LVC_S_FCAT,
*定义存储下拉列表的数据
  GT_DDVAL        TYPE LVC_T_DROP,
  GW_DDVAL        TYPE LVC_S_DROP,
"alv事件
  GT_EVENTS       TYPE SLIS_T_EVENT,
  GW_EVENTS       TYPE SLIS_ALV_EVENT,
"数据库数据
  GT_DATA         TYPE TABLE OF T_DATA,
  GW_DATA         TYPE          T_DATA,
"alv数据
  GT_ALV          TYPE TABLE OF T_ALV,
  GW_ALV          TYPE          T_ALV,

  G_REPID         TYPE SY-REPID VALUE SY-REPID.
************************************************************************
*                     SELECTION SCREEN                                 *
************************************************************************
SELECT-OPTIONS: S_MATNR FOR MAKT-MATNR .

************************************************************************
*                     START-OF-SELECTION                               *
************************************************************************
START-OF-SELECTION.
"获取数据
  SELECT MATNR MAKTX SPRAS
  INTO TABLE GT_DATA
  UP TO 50 ROWS
  FROM MAKT
  WHERE MATNR IN S_MATNR
    AND SPRAS = '1'.
"alv填充数据
  LOOP AT GT_DATA INTO GW_DATA.
    MOVE-CORRESPONDING GW_DATA TO GW_ALV.
    APPEND GW_ALV TO GT_ALV.
  ENDLOOP.
"设置fieldcat
  PERFORM CREAT_FIELDCAT.
"设置下拉框值
  PERFORM CREAT_DROPDOWN_VALUES.
"设置下拉框事件
  PERFORM CREAT_EVENT_EXITS.
"显示alv
  CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY_LVC'
    EXPORTING
      I_CALLBACK_PROGRAM = G_REPID
      IT_FIELDCAT_LVC    = GT_FIELDCATALOG
      IT_EVENTS          = GT_EVENTS "这一步一定要记得添加上
    TABLES
      T_OUTTAB           = GT_ALV.


*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* 设置输出字段的格式
*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM CREAT_FIELDCAT.
  CLEAR GW_FIELDCATALOG.
  GW_FIELDCATALOG-FIELDNAME = 'MATNR'.
  GW_FIELDCATALOG-REF_FIELD = 'MATNR'.
  GW_FIELDCATALOG-REF_TABLE = 'MAKT'.
  APPEND GW_FIELDCATALOG TO GT_FIELDCATALOG.
  CLEAR GW_FIELDCATALOG.
  GW_FIELDCATALOG-FIELDNAME = 'MAKTX'.
  GW_FIELDCATALOG-REF_FIELD = 'MAKTX'.
  GW_FIELDCATALOG-REF_TABLE = 'MAKT'.
  APPEND GW_FIELDCATALOG TO GT_FIELDCATALOG.
  CLEAR GW_FIELDCATALOG.
  GW_FIELDCATALOG-FIELDNAME  = 'SPRAS'.
  GW_FIELDCATALOG-DRDN_FIELD = 'DD_HANDLE'. "设置下拉框
*  GW_FIELDCATALOG-DRDN_HNDL = '1'. "分组标识
  GW_FIELDCATALOG-EDIT       = 'X'.  "可编辑
  APPEND GW_FIELDCATALOG TO GT_FIELDCATALOG.
ENDFORM.                    " creat_fieldcat


*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*根据物料的所有的语言生成不同的生成下拉列表
*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM CREAT_DROPDOWN_VALUES.
  DATA: L_SPRAS TYPE MAKT-SPRAS,
        L_COUNT TYPE I.

  "为了演示简单，这里只设置了一组
  "句柄HANDLE 为I类型，相同数字为同一组下拉框"
  GW_DDVAL-HANDLE = 1. "对应分组标识第一组
  GW_DDVAL-VALUE  = 1. "组值
  APPEND GW_DDVAL TO GT_DDVAL.
  CLEAR GW_DDVAL.
  GW_DDVAL-HANDLE = 1. "第一组
  GW_DDVAL-VALUE  = 2.
  APPEND GW_DDVAL TO GT_DDVAL.
  CLEAR GW_DDVAL.
  GW_DDVAL-HANDLE = 1. "第一组
  GW_DDVAL-VALUE  = 3.
  APPEND GW_DDVAL TO GT_DDVAL.
  CLEAR GW_DDVAL.

  LOOP AT GT_ALV INTO GW_ALV.
    GW_ALV-DD_HANDLE = 1. "ALV绑定组
    MODIFY GT_ALV FROM GW_ALV.
  ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.                    " creat_dropdown_values


*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*      Form  creat_event_exits
*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM CREAT_EVENT_EXITS .
  GW_EVENTS-NAME = 'CALLER_EXIT'.
  GW_EVENTS-FORM = 'CALLER_EXIT'.
  APPEND GW_EVENTS TO GT_EVENTS.
ENDFORM.                    " creat_event_exits


*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*设置下拉列表，使Grid和内表能链接上
*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM CALLER_EXIT USING LS_DATA TYPE SLIS_DATA_CALLER_EXIT.
  DATA: L_REF_ALV TYPE REF TO CL_GUI_ALV_GRID.
  CALL FUNCTION 'GET_GLOBALS_FROM_SLVC_FULLSCR'
    IMPORTING
      E_GRID = L_REF_ALV.
  CALL METHOD L_REF_ALV->SET_DROP_DOWN_TABLE
    EXPORTING
      IT_DROP_DOWN = GT_DDVAL.
ENDFORM.                    "CALLER_EXIT

需要注意的是：如果下拉框设置的值是中文汉字，那么就不能输入了。
还有：下拉框设置了值，并且设置了可编辑，此时编辑的时候只能输入下拉框中有的值，其他的值输入不进去。

设置F4搜索帮助

只需要把之前设置的DRDN_FIELD修改成F4AVAILABL，然后设置上参考表和参考字段，去表里给这个字段设置上它的搜索帮助，那么ALV也就可以用了！

方法二：

ALV通过参考可以直接获取表中搜索帮助，但是表中字段没有搜索帮助或者不合要求就需要通过F4事件完成了。

CLASS lcl_event_receiver DEFINITION DEFERRED.
DATA:gt_fieldcat TYPE lvc_t_fcat,
gs_fieldcat TYPE lvc_s_fcat,
go_grid TYPE REF TO cl_gui_alv_grid,
go_event_receiver TYPE REF TO lcl_event_receiver.
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* CLASS lcl_event_receiver DEFINITION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
CLASS lcl_event_receiver DEFINITION.
PUBLIC SECTION.
METHODS:
handle_f4_help FOR EVENT onf4 OF cl_gui_alv_grid
IMPORTING e_fieldname
es_row_no
er_event_data
et_bad_cells
e_display.
ENDCLASS. "lcl_event_receiver DEFINITION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* CLASS lcl_event_receiver IMPLEMENTATION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
CLASS lcl_event_receiver IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD handle_f4_help.
FIELD-SYMBOLS:<fs_alv> TYPE gs_alv.
CASE e_fieldname.
WHEN 'ARKTX'.
READ TABLE git_alv ASSIGNING <fs_alv> INDEX es_row_no-row_id.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
PERFORM frm_get_arktx_f4 CHANGING <fs_alv>-arktx.
ENDIF.
* WHEN .
WHEN OTHERS.
ENDCASE.
CALL METHOD go_grid->refresh_table_display.
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS. "lcl_event_receiver

定义alv-fieldcat属性

gs_fieldcat-f4availabl = 'X'.
gs_fieldcat-edit = 'X'.

将F4事件注册到ALV对象中

DATA:lt_f4             TYPE lvc_t_f4,
     ls_f4             TYPE lvc_s_f4.
 
CALL METHOD go_grid->set_table_for_first_display
  EXPORTING
    it_toolbar_excluding = lt_exclude
  CHANGING
    it_fieldcatalog      = git_fieldcat
    it_outtab            = git_alv[].
 
 
CLEAR:ls_f4.
ls_f4-fieldname  = 'ARKTX'.
ls_f4-register   = 'X'.
ls_f4-getbefore  = 'X'.
ls_f4-chngeafter = ''.
ls_f4-internal   = ''.
INSERT ls_f4 INTO TABLE lt_f4.
 
CALL METHOD go_grid->register_f4_for_fields
  EXPORTING
    it_f4 = lt_f4.
 
CREATE OBJECT go_event_receiver.
SET HANDLER go_event_receiver->handle_f4_help FOR go_grid .

自定义F4，获取数

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Form  FRM_GET_ARKTX_F4
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
*      <--P_<FS_ALV>_ARKTX  text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM frm_get_arktx_f4  USING    pc_matnr TYPE vbrp-matnr
                       CHANGING pc_arktx TYPE zfit005-maktx.
  DATA:BEGIN OF lt_zfit029 OCCURS 0,
        sub_type_m TYPE zfit029-sub_type_m,
        sub_name_m TYPE zfit029-sub_name_m,
      END OF lt_zfit029.
  DATA:lt_ret_tab TYPE TABLE OF ddshretval WITH HEADER LINE.
  DATA:lv_matnr TYPE zfit028-matnr.

  lv_matnr = pc_matnr.

  SELECT sub_type_m
         sub_name_m
  INTO TABLE lt_zfit029
  FROM zfit028
  INNER JOIN zfit029 ON zfit028~type_m = zfit029~type_m
  WHERE zfit028~matnr = lv_matnr.

  CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST'
    EXPORTING
      retfield        = 'SUB_NAME_M'
      value_org       = 'S'
    TABLES
      value_tab       = lt_zfit029
      return_tab      = lt_ret_tab
    EXCEPTIONS
      parameter_error = 1
      no_values_found = 2
      OTHERS          = 3.
  IF sy-subrc = 0.
    READ TABLE lt_ret_tab INDEX 1.
    IF sy-subrc = 0  AND lt_ret_tab-fieldval IS NOT INITIAL.
      pc_arktx = lt_ret_tab-fieldval.
    ENDIF.
  ENDIF.

ENDFORM.                    " FRM_GET_ARKTX_F4

方法三：

自动带出描述的代码：

SELECT SINGLE NAME1
  INTO ZPM004-NAME1
  FROM T001W
  WHERE WERKS = ZPM004-IWERK
    AND SPRAS = SY-LANGU.

添加 F4的代码

DATA:BEGIN OF LT_WERKS OCCURS 0,
  WERKS LIKE T001W-WERKS,
  NAME1 LIKE T001W-NAME1,
  END OF LT_WERKS.
  SELECT WERKS NAME1
    INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE LT_WERKS
    FROM T001W.
  SORT LT_WERKS BY WERKS.
  DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES FROM LT_WERKS COMPARING WERKS.
  CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST'
    EXPORTING
      RETFIELD        = 'WERKS'
      DYNPPROG        = SY-REPID
      DYNPNR          = SY-DYNNR
      DYNPROFIELD     = 'IWERK'
      VALUE_ORG       = 'S'
    TABLES
      VALUE_TAB       = LT_WERKS
    EXCEPTIONS
      PARAMETER_ERROR = 1
      NO_VALUES_FOUND = 2
      OTHERS          = 3.