Spring MVC 源码之MultipartResolver 组件

MultipartResolver 组件，内容类型( Content-Type )为 multipart/* 的请求的解析器，主要解析文件上传的请求。例如， MultipartResolver 会将 HttpServletRequest 封装成 MultipartHttpServletRequest 对象，便于获取参数信息以及上传的文件
关于在 SpringBoot 中如何使用文件上传可参考 Spring 官方文档

先来回顾一下在 DispatcherServlet 中处理请求的过程中哪里使用到 MultipartResolver 组件，可以回到《一次请求响应的过程》中的 DispatcherServlet 的 doDispatch 方法中看看，如下：

protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
    // ... 省略相关代码
    // <2> 检测请求是否为上传请求，如果是则通过 multipartResolver 将其封装成 MultipartHttpServletRequest 对象
    processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);
    // ... 省略相关代码
}

protected HttpServletRequest checkMultipart(HttpServletRequest request) throws MultipartException {
    // 如果该请求是一个涉及到 multipart （文件）的请求
    if (this.multipartResolver != null && this.multipartResolver.isMultipart(request)) {
        if (WebUtils.getNativeRequest(request, MultipartHttpServletRequest.class) != null) {
            if (request.getDispatcherType().equals(DispatcherType.REQUEST)) {
                logger.trace("Request already resolved to MultipartHttpServletRequest, e.g. by MultipartFilter");
            }
        }
        else if (hasMultipartException(request)) {
            logger.debug("Multipart resolution previously failed for current request - " +
                    "skipping re-resolution for undisturbed error rendering");
        }
        else {
            try {
                // 将 HttpServletRequest 请求封装成 MultipartHttpServletRequest 对象，解析请求里面的参数以及文件
                return this.multipartResolver.resolveMultipart(request);
            }
            catch (MultipartException ex) {
                if (request.getAttribute(WebUtils.ERROR_EXCEPTION_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {
                    logger.debug("Multipart resolution failed for error dispatch", ex);
                    // Keep processing error dispatch with regular request handle below
                }
                else {
                    throw ex;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    // If not returned before: return original request.
    return request;
}

<2> 处，如果该请求是一个涉及到 multipart （文件）的请求，则通过 multipartResolver 将 HttpServletRequest 请求封装成 MultipartHttpServletRequest 对象，解析请求里面的参数以及文件

MultipartResolver接口

org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartResolver 接口，内容类型( Content-Type )为 multipart/* 的请求的解析器接口，代码如下：

public interface MultipartResolver {
    /**
     * 是否为 multipart 请求
     */
    boolean isMultipart(HttpServletRequest request);
    /**
     * 将 HttpServletRequest 请求封装成 MultipartHttpServletRequest 对象
     */
    MultipartHttpServletRequest resolveMultipart(HttpServletRequest request) throws MultipartException;

    /**
     * 清理处理 multipart 产生的资源，例如临时文件
     */
    void cleanupMultipart(MultipartHttpServletRequest request);
}

MultipartResolver 接口体系的结构如下：

一共有两块：

上半部分，MultipartRequest 接口及其实现类

下半部分，MultipartResolver 接口以及其实现类

初始化过程

在 DispatcherServlet 的 initMultipartResolver(ApplicationContext context) 方法，初始化 MultipartResolver 组件，方法如下：

private void initMultipartResolver(ApplicationContext context) {
    try {
        // 从 Spring 上下文中获取名称为 "multipartResolver" ，类型为 MultipartResolver 的 Bean
        this.multipartResolver = context.getBean(MULTIPART_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME, MultipartResolver.class);
        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("Detected " + this.multipartResolver);
        }
        else if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            logger.debug("Detected " + this.multipartResolver.getClass().getSimpleName());
        }
    }
    catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
        // Default is no multipart resolver.
        this.multipartResolver = null;
        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("No MultipartResolver '" + MULTIPART_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME + "' declared");
        }
    }
}

在 Spring MVC 中，multipartResolver 默认为 null【注意】，需要自己配置，mybatis 集成 Spring 模块下的 spring-mvc.xml 文件中配置 MultipartResolver 为 CommonsMultipartResolver 实现类，也可以配置为 StandardServletMultipartResolver 实现类

在 Spring Boot 中，multipartResolver 默认为 StandardServletMultipartResolver 实现类

目前 Spring 只提供上面两种实现类，接下来依次进行分析

StandardServletMultipartResolver

org.springframework.web.multipart.support.StandardServletMultipartResolver，实现 MultipartResolver 接口，基于 Servlet 3.0 标准的上传文件 API 的 MultipartResolver 实现类，代码如下：

public class StandardServletMultipartResolver implements MultipartResolver {

   /**
    * 是否延迟解析
    */
   private boolean resolveLazily = false;

   public void setResolveLazily(boolean resolveLazily) {
      this.resolveLazily = resolveLazily;
   }


   @Override
   public boolean isMultipart(HttpServletRequest request) {
      // 请求的 Content-type 必须 multipart/ 开头
      return StringUtils.startsWithIgnoreCase(request.getContentType(), "multipart/");
   }

   @Override
   public MultipartHttpServletRequest resolveMultipart(HttpServletRequest request) throws MultipartException {
      return new StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest(request, this.resolveLazily);
   }

   @Override
   public void cleanupMultipart(MultipartHttpServletRequest request) {
      if (!(request instanceof AbstractMultipartHttpServletRequest) || ((AbstractMultipartHttpServletRequest) request).isResolved()) {
         // To be on the safe side: explicitly delete the parts,
         // but only actual file parts (for Resin compatibility)
         try {
            // 删除临时的 Part
            for (Part part : request.getParts()) {
               if (request.getFile(part.getName()) != null) {
                  part.delete();
               }
            }
         }
         catch (Throwable ex) {
            LogFactory.getLog(getClass()).warn("Failed to perform cleanup of multipart items", ex);
         }
      }
   }

}

isMultipart(HttpServletRequest request)方法，请求的 Content-type 是否以 multipart/ 开头

resolveMultipart(HttpServletRequest request)方法，直接将 HttpServletRequest 转换成 StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest 对象

cleanupMultipart(MultipartHttpServletRequest request)方法，清理资源，删除临时的 javax.servlet.http.Part 们

StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest

org.springframework.web.multipart.support.StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest，继承 AbstractMultipartHttpServletRequest 抽象类，基于 Servlet 3.0 的 Multipart HttpServletRequest 实现类，包含了一个 javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest 对象和它的 javax.servlet.http.Part 对象们，其中 Part 对象会被封装成 StandardMultipartFile 对象

public class StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest extends AbstractMultipartHttpServletRequest {
    /**
     * 普通参数名的集合
     */
    @Nullable
    private Set<String> multipartParameterNames;

    public StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) throws MultipartException {
        this(request, false);
    }

    public StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request, boolean lazyParsing) throws MultipartException {
        super(request);
        // 如果不需要延迟解析
        if (!lazyParsing) {
            // 解析请求
            parseRequest(request);
        }
    }
}

multipartParameterNames：普通参数名的集合，非上传文件的参数名

如果不需要延迟解析，则调用 parseRequest(HttpServletRequest request) 方法，直接解析请求

parseRequest

parseRequest(HttpServletRequest request) 方法，解析请求，解析 HttpServletRequest 中的 Part 对象，如果是文件，则封装成 StandardMultipartFile 对象，否则就是普通参数，获取其名称，如下：

private void parseRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
    try {
        // <1> 从 HttpServletRequest 中获取 Part 们
        Collection<Part> parts = request.getParts();
        this.multipartParameterNames = new LinkedHashSet<>(parts.size());
        MultiValueMap<String, MultipartFile> files = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>(parts.size());
        // <2> 遍历 parts 数组
        for (Part part : parts) {
            // <2.1> 获得请求头中的 Content-Disposition 信息，MIME 协议的扩展
            String headerValue = part.getHeader(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_DISPOSITION);
            // <2.2> 对 Content-Disposition 信息进行解析，生成 ContentDisposition 对象
            // 包含请求参数信息，以面向“对象”的形式进行访问
            ContentDisposition disposition = ContentDisposition.parse(headerValue);
            // <2.3> 获得文件名
            String filename = disposition.getFilename();
            // <2.4> 情况一，文件名非空，说明是文件参数，则创建 StandardMultipartFile 对象
            if (filename != null) {
                if (filename.startsWith("=?") && filename.endsWith("?=")) {
                    filename = MimeDelegate.decode(filename);
                }
                files.add(part.getName(), new StandardMultipartFile(part, filename));
            }
            // <2.5> 情况二，文件名为空，说明是普通参数，则保存参数名称
            else {
                this.multipartParameterNames.add(part.getName());
            }
        }
        // <3> 将上面生成的 StandardMultipartFile 文件对象们，设置到父类的 multipartFiles 属性中
        setMultipartFiles(files);
    }
    catch (Throwable ex) {
        handleParseFailure(ex);
    }
}

从 HttpServletRequest 中获取 Part 们

遍历 parts 数组

从 Part 对象中获得请求头中的 Content-Disposition 信息，MIME 协议的扩展

对 Content-Disposition 信息进行解析，生成 ContentDisposition 对象，包含请求参数信息，以面向“对象”的形式进行访问

从ContentDisposition 对象中获得文件名

情况一，文件名非空，说明是文件参数，则创建 StandardMultipartFile 对象

情况二，文件名为空，说明是普通参数，则保存参数名称

将上面生成的 StandardMultipartFile 文件对象们，设置到父类的 multipartFiles 属性中

如果发生异常则抛出

其他方法

/** 初始化请求 */
@Override
protected void initializeMultipart() {
    parseRequest(getRequest());
}
/** 获取请求中的参数名称 */
@Override
public Enumeration<String> getParameterNames() {
    if (this.multipartParameterNames == null) {
        initializeMultipart();
    }
    if (this.multipartParameterNames.isEmpty()) {
        return super.getParameterNames();
    }

    // Servlet 3.0 getParameterNames() not guaranteed to include multipart form items
    // (e.g. on WebLogic 12) -> need to merge them here to be on the safe side
    Set<String> paramNames = new LinkedHashSet<>();
    Enumeration<String> paramEnum = super.getParameterNames();
    while (paramEnum.hasMoreElements()) {
        paramNames.add(paramEnum.nextElement());
    }
    paramNames.addAll(this.multipartParameterNames);
    return Collections.enumeration(paramNames);
}
/** 获取请求中的参数，参数名和参数值的映射 */
@Override
public Map<String, String[]> getParameterMap() {
    if (this.multipartParameterNames == null) {
        initializeMultipart();
    }
    if (this.multipartParameterNames.isEmpty()) {
        return super.getParameterMap();
    }
    // Servlet 3.0 getParameterMap() not guaranteed to include multipart form items
    // (e.g. on WebLogic 12) -> need to merge them here to be on the safe side
    Map<String, String[]> paramMap = new LinkedHashMap<>(super.getParameterMap());
    for (String paramName : this.multipartParameterNames) {
        if (!paramMap.containsKey(paramName)) {
            paramMap.put(paramName, getParameterValues(paramName));
        }
    }
    return paramMap;
}
/** 获取请求的 Content-Type 内容类型 */
@Override
public String getMultipartContentType(String paramOrFileName) {
    try {
        Part part = getPart(paramOrFileName);
        return (part != null ? part.getContentType() : null);
    }
    catch (Throwable ex) {
        throw new MultipartException("Could not access multipart servlet request", ex);
    }
}
/** 获取请求头信息 */
@Override
public HttpHeaders getMultipartHeaders(String paramOrFileName) {
    try {
        Part part = getPart(paramOrFileName);
        if (part != null) {
            HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
            for (String headerName : part.getHeaderNames()) {
                headers.put(headerName, new ArrayList<>(part.getHeaders(headerName)));
            }
            return headers;
        }
        else {
            return null;
        }
    }
    catch (Throwable ex) {
        throw new MultipartException("Could not access multipart servlet request", ex);
    }
}

StandardMultipartFile

org.springframework.web.multipart.support.StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest 的私有内部静态类，实现了 MultipartFile 接口和 Serializable 接口，内部封装了 javax.servlet.http.Part 对象和文件名称，代码如下：

private static class StandardMultipartFile implements MultipartFile, Serializable {

    private final Part part;

    private final String filename;

    public StandardMultipartFile(Part part, String filename) {
        this.part = part;
        this.filename = filename;
    }

    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return this.part.getName();
    }

    @Override
    public String getOriginalFilename() {
        return this.filename;
    }

    @Override
    public String getContentType() {
        return this.part.getContentType();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isEmpty() {
        return (this.part.getSize() == 0);
    }

    @Override
    public long getSize() {
        return this.part.getSize();
    }

    @Override
    public byte[] getBytes() throws IOException {
        return FileCopyUtils.copyToByteArray(this.part.getInputStream());
    }

    @Override
    public InputStream getInputStream() throws IOException {
        return this.part.getInputStream();
    }

    @Override
    public void transferTo(File dest) throws IOException, IllegalStateException {
        this.part.write(dest.getPath());
        if (dest.isAbsolute() && !dest.exists()) {
            // Servlet 3.0 Part.write is not guaranteed to support absolute file paths:
            // may translate the given path to a relative location within a temp dir
            // (e.g. on Jetty whereas Tomcat and Undertow detect absolute paths).
            // At least we offloaded the file from memory storage; it'll get deleted
            // from the temp dir eventually in any case. And for our user's purposes,
            // we can manually copy it to the requested location as a fallback.
            FileCopyUtils.copy(this.part.getInputStream(), Files.newOutputStream(dest.toPath()));
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void transferTo(Path dest) throws IOException, IllegalStateException {
        FileCopyUtils.copy(this.part.getInputStream(), Files.newOutputStream(dest));
    }
}

这个类封装了 Servlet 3.0 的 Part 对象，也就是我们常用到的 MultipartFile 对象，支持对文件的操作，内部其实都是调用 javax.servlet.http.Part 的方法

AbstractMultipartHttpServletRequest

org.springframework.web.multipart.support.AbstractMultipartHttpServletRequest 抽象类，继承了 HttpServletRequestWrapper 类，实现了 MultipartHttpServletRequest接口

该类是 StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest 和 DefaultMultipartHttpServletRequest 的父类，实现了一些公共的方法，代码如下：

public abstract class AbstractMultipartHttpServletRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper implements MultipartHttpServletRequest {
    /**
     * 请求中的文件信息
     */
    @Nullable
    private MultiValueMap<String, MultipartFile> multipartFiles;

    protected AbstractMultipartHttpServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
        super(request);
    }

    @Override
    public HttpServletRequest getRequest() {
        return (HttpServletRequest) super.getRequest();
    }

    @Override
    public HttpMethod getRequestMethod() {
        return HttpMethod.resolve(getRequest().getMethod());
    }

    /** 获取请求头信息 */
    @Override
    public HttpHeaders getRequestHeaders() {
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        Enumeration<String> headerNames = getHeaderNames();
        while (headerNames.hasMoreElements()) {
            String headerName = headerNames.nextElement();
            headers.put(headerName, Collections.list(getHeaders(headerName)));
        }
        return headers;
    }

    /** 获取文件名称列表 */
    @Override
    public Iterator<String> getFileNames() {
        return getMultipartFiles().keySet().iterator();
    }

    /** 获取指定文件名的单个文件 */
    @Override
    public MultipartFile getFile(String name) {
        return getMultipartFiles().getFirst(name);
    }

    /** 获取指定文件名的多个文件 */
    @Override
    public List<MultipartFile> getFiles(String name) {
        List<MultipartFile> multipartFiles = getMultipartFiles().get(name);
        if (multipartFiles != null) {
            return multipartFiles;
        }
        else {
            return Collections.emptyList();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Map<String, MultipartFile> getFileMap() {
        return getMultipartFiles().toSingleValueMap();
    }

    @Override
    public MultiValueMap<String, MultipartFile> getMultiFileMap() {
        return getMultipartFiles();
    }

    public boolean isResolved() {
        return (this.multipartFiles != null);
    }

    protected final void setMultipartFiles(MultiValueMap<String, MultipartFile> multipartFiles) {
        this.multipartFiles = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>(Collections.unmodifiableMap(multipartFiles));
    }

    protected MultiValueMap<String, MultipartFile> getMultipartFiles() {
        if (this.multipartFiles == null) {
            initializeMultipart();
        }
        return this.multipartFiles;
    }

    /** 交由子类实现 */
    protected void initializeMultipart() {
        throw new IllegalStateException("Multipart request not initialized");
    }
}

上面的方法都比较简单，用于获取请求中的文件对象

MultiValueMap<String, MultipartFile> multipartFiles属性，保存由子类解析出请求中的 Part 对象所封装成的 MultipartFile 对象

CommonsMultipartResolver

org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver，实现 MultipartResolver、ServletContextAware 接口，继承 CommonsFileUploadSupport 抽象类，基于 Apache Commons FileUpload 的 MultipartResolver 实现类

如果需要使用这个 MultipartResolver 实现类，需要引入 commons-fileupload、commons-io 和 commons-codec 组件，例如：

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
        <version>1.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
        <version>2.8.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
        <version>1.15</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

注意，如果 Spring Boot 项目中需要使用 CommonsMultipartResolver，需要在 application.yml 中添加如下配置，排除其默认的配置，如下：

spring:
  autoconfigure:
    exclude: org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MultipartAutoConfiguration

构造方法

public class CommonsMultipartResolver extends CommonsFileUploadSupport implements MultipartResolver, ServletContextAware {
    /**
     * 是否延迟解析
     */
    private boolean resolveLazily = false;

    public CommonsMultipartResolver() {
        super();
    }

    public CommonsMultipartResolver(ServletContext servletContext) {
        this();
        setServletContext(servletContext);
    }
}

isMultipart

@Override
public boolean isMultipart(HttpServletRequest request) {
    // 必须是 POST 请求，且 Content-Type 为 multipart/ 开头
    return ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request);
}

判断是否为 multipart 请求，必须是 POST 请求，且 Content-Type 为 multipart/ 开头

resolveMultipart

@Override
public MultipartHttpServletRequest resolveMultipart(final HttpServletRequest request) throws MultipartException {
    Assert.notNull(request, "Request must not be null");
    if (this.resolveLazily) {
        return new DefaultMultipartHttpServletRequest(request) {
            @Override
            protected void initializeMultipart() {
                // 解析请求，获取文件、参数信息
                MultipartParsingResult parsingResult = parseRequest(request);
                setMultipartFiles(parsingResult.getMultipartFiles());
                setMultipartParameters(parsingResult.getMultipartParameters());
                setMultipartParameterContentTypes(parsingResult.getMultipartParameterContentTypes());
            }
        };
    }
    else {
        // 解析请求，获取文件、参数信息
        MultipartParsingResult parsingResult = parseRequest(request);
        return new DefaultMultipartHttpServletRequest(request, parsingResult.getMultipartFiles(),
                parsingResult.getMultipartParameters(), parsingResult.getMultipartParameterContentTypes());
    }
}

将 HttpServletRequest 转换成 DefaultMultipartHttpServletRequest 对象

如果开启了延迟解析，则重写该对象的 initializeMultipart() 方法，用于解析请求

否则直接调用 parseRequest(HttpServletRequest request) 方法解析请求，返回 MultipartParsingResult 对象，包含 MultipartFile 对象和普通参数信息

parseRequest

parseRequest(HttpServletRequest request)方法，用于解析请求，返回 MultipartParsingResult 对象，包含 MultipartFile 对象、普通参数信息以及参数的 Content-Type 信息，方法如下：

protected MultipartParsingResult parseRequest(HttpServletRequest request) throws MultipartException {
    // <1> 获取请求中的编码
    String encoding = determineEncoding(request);
    // <2> 获取 ServletFileUpload 对象
    FileUpload fileUpload = prepareFileUpload(encoding);
    try {
        // <3> 获取请求中的流数据
        List<FileItem> fileItems = ((ServletFileUpload) fileUpload).parseRequest(request);
        // <4> 将这些流数据转换成 MultipartParsingResult，包含 CommonsMultipartFile、参数信息、Content-type
        return parseFileItems(fileItems, encoding);
    }
    catch (FileUploadBase.SizeLimitExceededException ex) {
        throw new MaxUploadSizeExceededException(fileUpload.getSizeMax(), ex);
    }
    catch (FileUploadBase.FileSizeLimitExceededException ex) {
        throw new MaxUploadSizeExceededException(fileUpload.getFileSizeMax(), ex);
    }
    catch (FileUploadException ex) {
        throw new MultipartException("Failed to parse multipart servlet request", ex);
    }
}

获取请求中的编码

根据编码获取到 ServletFileUpload 对象（ commons-fileupload 中的类），在 newFileUpload(FileItemFactory fileItemFactory) 方法中返回的就是 ServletFileUpload 对象，可以看到父类 CommonsFileUploadSupport 的构造方法，如下：

// org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsFileUploadSupport.java

public CommonsFileUploadSupport() {
    this.fileItemFactory = newFileItemFactory();
    // 由子类实现
    this.fileUpload = newFileUpload(getFileItemFactory());
}

具体细节就不讲述了

通过 ServletFileUpload 对象解析请求，返回流数据 List<FileItem> fileItems

调用父类 CommonsFileUploadSupport 的 parseFileItems(List<FileItem> fileItems, String encoding) 方法，将这些流数据转换成 MultipartParsingResult 对象

// org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsFileUploadSupport.java

protected MultipartParsingResult parseFileItems(List<FileItem> fileItems, String encoding) {
    MultiValueMap<String, MultipartFile> multipartFiles = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
    Map<String, String[]> multipartParameters = new HashMap<>();
    Map<String, String> multipartParameterContentTypes = new HashMap<>();

    // Extract multipart files and multipart parameters.
    for (FileItem fileItem : fileItems) {
        if (fileItem.isFormField()) {
            String value;
            String partEncoding = determineEncoding(fileItem.getContentType(), encoding);
            try {
                value = fileItem.getString(partEncoding);
            }
            catch (UnsupportedEncodingException ex) {
                if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                    logger.warn("Could not decode multipart item '" + fileItem.getFieldName() +
                            "' with encoding '" + partEncoding + "': using platform default");
                }
                value = fileItem.getString();
            }
            String[] curParam = multipartParameters.get(fileItem.getFieldName());
            if (curParam == null) {
                // simple form field
                multipartParameters.put(fileItem.getFieldName(), new String[] {value});
            }
            else {
                // array of simple form fields
                String[] newParam = StringUtils.addStringToArray(curParam, value);
                multipartParameters.put(fileItem.getFieldName(), newParam);
            }
            multipartParameterContentTypes.put(fileItem.getFieldName(), fileItem.getContentType());
        }
        else {
            // multipart file field
            CommonsMultipartFile file = createMultipartFile(fileItem);
            multipartFiles.add(file.getName(), file);
            LogFormatUtils.traceDebug(logger, traceOn ->
                    "Part '" + file.getName() + "', size " + file.getSize() +
                            " bytes, filename='" + file.getOriginalFilename() + "'" +
                            (traceOn ? ", storage=" + file.getStorageDescription() : "")
            );
        }
    }
    return new MultipartParsingResult(multipartFiles, multipartParameters, multipartParameterContentTypes);
}

大致就是遍历 fileItems 集合，如果是一个简单的表单字段，那么就是一个普通的参数，将参数名和值保存起来

否则就是文件，将其封装成 CommonsMultipartFile 保存起来

cleanupMultipart

cleanupMultipart(MultipartHttpServletRequest request)方法，清理文件产生的临时资源，如下：

// CommonsMultipartResolver.java
@Override
public void cleanupMultipart(MultipartHttpServletRequest request) {
    if (!(request instanceof AbstractMultipartHttpServletRequest) ||
            ((AbstractMultipartHttpServletRequest) request).isResolved()) {
        try {
            cleanupFileItems(request.getMultiFileMap());
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            logger.warn("Failed to perform multipart cleanup for servlet request", ex);
        }
    }
}
// CommonsFileUploadSupport.java
protected void cleanupFileItems(MultiValueMap<String, MultipartFile> multipartFiles) {
    for (List<MultipartFile> files : multipartFiles.values()) {
        for (MultipartFile file : files) {
            if (file instanceof CommonsMultipartFile) {
                CommonsMultipartFile cmf = (CommonsMultipartFile) file;
                cmf.getFileItem().delete();
                LogFormatUtils.traceDebug(logger, traceOn -> "Cleaning up part '..."));
            }
        }
    }
}

DefaultMultipartHttpServletRequest

org.springframework.web.multipart.support.DefaultMultipartHttpServletRequest，继承 AbstractMultipartHttpServletRequest 抽象类，MultipartHttpServletRequest 的默认实现类，代码如下：

public class DefaultMultipartHttpServletRequest extends AbstractMultipartHttpServletRequest {

    private static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "Content-Type";

    @Nullable
    private Map<String, String[]> multipartParameters;

    @Nullable
    private Map<String, String> multipartParameterContentTypes;

    public DefaultMultipartHttpServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request, MultiValueMap<String, MultipartFile> mpFiles,
            Map<String, String[]> mpParams, Map<String, String> mpParamContentTypes) {

        super(request);
        setMultipartFiles(mpFiles);
        setMultipartParameters(mpParams);
        setMultipartParameterContentTypes(mpParamContentTypes);
    }

    public DefaultMultipartHttpServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
        super(request);
    }

    @Override
    @Nullable
    public String getParameter(String name) {
        String[] values = getMultipartParameters().get(name);
        if (values != null) {
            return (values.length > 0 ? values[0] : null);
        }
        return super.getParameter(name);
    }

    @Override
    public String[] getParameterValues(String name) {
        String[] parameterValues = super.getParameterValues(name);
        String[] mpValues = getMultipartParameters().get(name);
        if (mpValues == null) {
            return parameterValues;
        }
        if (parameterValues == null || getQueryString() == null) {
            return mpValues;
        }
        else {
            String[] result = new String[mpValues.length + parameterValues.length];
            System.arraycopy(mpValues, 0, result, 0, mpValues.length);
            System.arraycopy(parameterValues, 0, result, mpValues.length, parameterValues.length);
            return result;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Enumeration<String> getParameterNames() {
        Map<String, String[]> multipartParameters = getMultipartParameters();
        if (multipartParameters.isEmpty()) {
            return super.getParameterNames();
        }

        Set<String> paramNames = new LinkedHashSet<>();
        paramNames.addAll(Collections.list(super.getParameterNames()));
        paramNames.addAll(multipartParameters.keySet());
        return Collections.enumeration(paramNames);
    }

    @Override
    public Map<String, String[]> getParameterMap() {
        Map<String, String[]> result = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        Enumeration<String> names = getParameterNames();
        while (names.hasMoreElements()) {
            String name = names.nextElement();
            result.put(name, getParameterValues(name));
        }
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public String getMultipartContentType(String paramOrFileName) {
        MultipartFile file = getFile(paramOrFileName);
        if (file != null) {
            return file.getContentType();
        }
        else {
            return getMultipartParameterContentTypes().get(paramOrFileName);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public HttpHeaders getMultipartHeaders(String paramOrFileName) {
        String contentType = getMultipartContentType(paramOrFileName);
        if (contentType != null) {
            HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
            headers.add(CONTENT_TYPE, contentType);
            return headers;
        }
        else {
            return null;
        }
    }

    protected final void setMultipartParameters(Map<String, String[]> multipartParameters) {
        this.multipartParameters = multipartParameters;
    }

    protected Map<String, String[]> getMultipartParameters() {
        if (this.multipartParameters == null) {
            initializeMultipart();
        }
        return this.multipartParameters;
    }

    protected final void setMultipartParameterContentTypes(Map<String, String> multipartParameterContentTypes) {
        this.multipartParameterContentTypes = multipartParameterContentTypes;
    }

    protected Map<String, String> getMultipartParameterContentTypes() {
        if (this.multipartParameterContentTypes == null) {
            initializeMultipart();
        }
        return this.multipartParameterContentTypes;
    }
}

代码并不复杂，稍微阅读一下就理解了

总结

本文对 Spring MVC 处理请求的过程中使用到的 MultipartResolver 组件进行了分析，如果请求的 Content-Type 为 multipart/*，涉及到文件上传，所以处理请求的第一步需要通过 MultipartResolver 组件对请求进行转换处理。会将 HttpServletRequest 请求对象封装成 MultipartHttpServletRequest 对象，便于获取参数信息和操作上传的文件（MultipartFile 对象）。

MultipartResolver 组件的实现类有两种：

org.springframework.web.multipart.support.StandardServletMultipartResolver：实现 MultipartResolver 接口，基于 Servlet 3.0 标准的上传文件 API 的 MultipartResolver 实现类

org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver：实现 MultipartResolver 接口，基于 Apache Commons FileUpload 的 MultipartResolver 实现类

两者的区别：

StandardServletMultipartResolver 会将 HttpServletRequest 封装成 StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest 对象，由 Servlet 3.0 提供 API 获取请求中的 javax.servlet.http.Part 对象，然后进行解析，文件会封装成 StandardMultipartFile 对象

CommonsMultipartResolver 会将 HttpServletRequest 封装成 DefaultMultipartHttpServletRequest 对象，由 Apache 的 Commons FileUpload 组件来实现，通过 org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload 对象获取请求中的 org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem 对象，然后进行解析，文件会封装成 CommonsMultipartFile 对象，如何使用可以参考上面的 CommonsMultipartResolver 小节

注意事项：

在 Spring MVC 中，multipartResolver 默认为 null，需要自己配置，例如mybatis 集成 Spring 模块下的 spring-mvc.xml 文件中配置 MultipartResolver 为 CommonsMultipartResolver 实现类，也可以配置为 StandardServletMultipartResolver 实现类