国外Essay写作怎么准确高效地审题？

news2024/9/28 5:26:56

　　Essay写作的重中之重是什么？毫无疑问肯定是审题审题还是审题，任何形式的Essay写作都以正确地审题为前提。小编就为大家分享如何准确而高效地审题。

　　What is the top priority of Essay's writing?There is no doubt that it must be subject review or topic review.Essay writing in any form is based on correct topic review.I will share with you how to review topics accurately and efficiently.

　　在这篇文章里，小编会用最简洁的语言系统性地告诉大家，怎么样准确而高效地审题，为你的高分essay打下基础！

　　In this article,the editor will use the most concise language to systematically tell you how to accurately and efficiently review the topic to lay the foundation for your high score essay!

　　技巧先行

　　Skill first

　　在开始审题之前，首先给大家介绍一个通用的技巧，即划重点。以下面一篇essay题目为例：

　　Before we begin to examine the topic,we will first introduce a general technique,that is,to draw the key points.Take the following essay as an example:

　　Learning to manage money is one of the key aspects of adult life.How in your view can individuals best learn to manage their money?

　　这是一个经典的隐形"discuss"题。写这篇小essay前，强烈建议将自己认为重要的几个关键词划上，提醒自己，这里需要讨论（How）每个个体（individuals)如何高效（best learn)学习理财，确保自己接下来的每个观点都不会跑偏，比如，你不会想写出公司如何学习理财，或者你自己如何理财，因为题目给的范围是每个个体，以及高效学习。

　　This is a classic invisible"discussion"question.Before writing this little essay,it is strongly recommended that you mark several key words that you think are important to remind yourself that here we need to discuss how each individual can learn to manage money efficiently,to ensure that each of their views will not deviate.For example,you will not want to write how the company learns to manage money,or how you manage money,because the topic is given to each individual and efficient learning.

　　体会句意

　　Understand sentence meaning

　　划好重点后，接下来就是仔细审题的过程。我们以某传媒专业学生的课堂作业为例。

　　After the key points are drawn,the next step is to carefully examine the topic.We take the class work of a media major student as an example.

　　Does the media always control our preceptions of crimes?

　　这是个十分简洁的标题，但always这个词却包含深意，给题目增加了一些信息量。想要解构该题（即审题），首先我们需要对题目介绍的情况，即媒体总是会能够操控我们对犯罪的感知，进行重新解释，并且给出一两个实例。

　　This is a very concise title,but the word"always"contains profound meaning,which adds some information to the title.To deconstruct the problem(i.e.examine the problem),we need to first explain the situation introduced by the topic,that is,the media will always be able to manipulate our perception of crime,reinterpret it,and give one or two examples.

　　Crime often accounts for more media stories than any other kind of news.These stories tend to focus on unusual andviolent crimes,although these are a small minority of all crimes.For example,Harper&Hogue(2016)find that in the UK sex offenses were 2%of all crimes but 20%of all media stories about crime.In Canada,Crocker found that half of media stories were about violent crimes even though these were only 7%of all crimes.

　　John Howard,2019

　　上面的例子首先对阐述了一个事实，即犯罪占了媒体板块的绝大多数内容；然后以归纳列举的形式，分别举出了英国与加拿大的情况，表明了实际犯罪数与媒体营造出的犯罪数情况是不同的。我们可以认为，它很好地回答了问题，并且给出了让人信服的数据。

　　The above example first illustrates the fact that crime accounts for the vast majority of media content;Then,in the form of induction and enumeration,the situations of Britain and Canada are cited respectively,indicating that the actual number of crimes is different from the number of crimes created by the media.We can think that it answers the question well and gives convincing data.

　　分解问题

　　Decompose the problem

　　上面举出的例子结构都很简单，但很多时候一个essay的标题常常隐含了多个问题。接下来以一个更为常见的，带有背景描述的essay写作标题作为例子给大家展示下审题的步骤。

　　The structure of the above examples is very simple,but many times the title of an essay often implies multiple problems.Next,take a more common essay title with background description as an example to show you the steps to examine the topic.

　　Discuss the factors that give rise to tariff and evaluate how much of a problem this is for multinational companies.Give examples of what a firm can do to minimize the problem?

　　这是一个标准的标题，通过划重点，我们确定了该标题其实包含了三个小标题：

　　This is a standard essay title.By highlighting,we determined that the title actually contains three sub titles:

　　1.讨论关税出现的原因

　　1.Discuss the causes of tariff

　　2.评估关税对于跨国公司的影响。

　　2.Assess the impact of tariffs on transnational corporations.

　　3.举例说明公司如何最小化该影响。

　　3.Give an example of how the company can minimize the impact.

　　对于每一个小标题，我们可以进一步细分为以下内容进行讨论。

　　For each sub title,we can further break it down into the following contents for discussion.

　　1.讨论关税出现的原因

　　1.Discuss the causes of tariff