1. 背景
机器磁盘满导致mysql连接不上，删除部分日志，错误将mysql-bin.0050* 都删除，重启mysql失败
$ service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.......... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/data/mysqldata/gzqc249-243-214-g249hqzltcs1.pid).
2. 解决方法
MySQL 数据存放的绝对路径
$ grep datadir /etc/my.cnf
datadir = /data/mysqldata
先备份 /data/mysqldata/mysql-bin.index 然后清空 /data/mysqldata/mysql-bin.index。
启动mysql:
service mysqld start
3. 原因
mysql-bin是数据库的操作日志文件，mysql-bin.index中记录的是文件已经删除，mysql-bin.index内容需要清空。
4. 正确清理binlog
4.1 设置过期删除时间
查看当前到期时间：
> show variables like 'expire_logs_days';
+------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------+-------+
| expire_logs_days | 30 |
+------------------+-------+
将到期时间由30天设置为10天。
方法一：编辑配置文件 vim /etc/my.cnf
expire_logs_days = 10 //二进制日志自动删除的天数。
此方法需重启mysql服务
方法二：无需重启mysql服务
> set global expire_logs_days = 10;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [vss_stock_option_svr_multi]> show variables like 'expire_logs_days';
+------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------+-------+
| expire_logs_days | 10 |
+------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
4.1 手动删除binlog文件
PURGE MASTER LOGS BEFORE DATE_SUB(CURRENT_DATE, INTERVAL 1 DAY); //删除1天前的MySQL binlog日志
删除1天前的MySQL binlog日志
> show binary logs;
+------------------+------------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+------------------+------------+
| mysql-bin.002338 | 1073742660 |
| mysql-bin.002339 | 1073742551 |
| mysql-bin.002340 | 1073742466 |
| mysql-bin.002341 | 1073742538 |
| mysql-bin.002342 | 1073742770 |
| mysql-bin.002343 | 1073742574 |
| mysql-bin.002344 | 1073742084 |
| mysql-bin.002345 | 1073742809 |
| mysql-bin.002346 | 1073742195 |
| mysql-bin.002347 | 1074775919 |
| mysql-bin.002348 | 1073742659 |
| mysql-bin.002349 | 1073742546 |
| mysql-bin.002350 | 1073741966 |
| mysql-bin.002351 | 1073741891 |
| mysql-bin.002352 | 1073742204 |
| mysql-bin.002353 | 1073989969 |
| mysql-bin.002354 | 1073742107 |
| mysql-bin.002355 | 1073743414 |
| mysql-bin.002356 | 1073742527 |
| mysql-bin.002357 | 1073742335 |
| mysql-bin.002358 | 1073742868 |
| mysql-bin.002359 | 1073742808 |
| mysql-bin.002360 | 1073742326 |
| mysql-bin.002361 | 1073742219 |
| mysql-bin.002362 | 1073742028 |
| mysql-bin.002363 | 1073742256 |
| mysql-bin.002364 | 1073742147 |
| mysql-bin.002365 | 1073742558 |
| mysql-bin.002366 | 1073742303 |
| mysql-bin.002367 | 1073742538 |
| mysql-bin.002368 | 1073741929 |
| mysql-bin.002369 | 1073742054 |
| mysql-bin.002370 | 1073742387 |
| mysql-bin.002371 | 894966812 |
+------------------+------------+
34 rows in set (0.00 sec)
> PURGE MASTER LOGS BEFORE DATE_SUB(CURRENT_DATE, INTERVAL 1 DAY);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [vss_stock_option_svr_multi]> show binary logs;
+------------------+------------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+------------------+------------+
| mysql-bin.002359 | 1073742808 |
| mysql-bin.002360 | 1073742326 |
| mysql-bin.002361 | 1073742219 |
| mysql-bin.002362 | 1073742028 |
| mysql-bin.002363 | 1073742256 |
| mysql-bin.002364 | 1073742147 |
| mysql-bin.002365 | 1073742558 |
| mysql-bin.002366 | 1073742303 |
| mysql-bin.002367 | 1073742538 |
| mysql-bin.002368 | 1073741929 |
| mysql-bin.002369 | 1073742054 |
| mysql-bin.002370 | 1073742387 |
| mysql-bin.002371 | 894966812 |
+------------------+------------+
13 rows in set (0.00 sec)
操作说明：
- 操作前最好备份数据库
- 不推荐直接在/var/lib/mysql（通过 grep datadir /etc/my.cnf 查找路径）路径下，将binlog.0*删除掉，因为手动删除并不会更新binlog.index，而 binlog.index 的作用是加快查找 binlog 文件的速度。
