编码环境如下

系统环境：linux

信号量：使用Linux操作系统的SystemV信号量

生产者代码如下

#include <iostream>
#include <sys/sem.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <string.h>

#define SEM_KEY 0x5678
#define SHM_KEY 0xABCD
#define SHM_SIZE 1024

union semun{
    int         val;
    struct semid_ds* buf;
    unsigned short *array;
};

int main()
{
    key_t sem_key = SEM_KEY;
    key_t shm_key = SHM_KEY;
    char*  shm_ptr = NULL;
    int sem_id = 0;
    int shm_id = 0;

    //sem create
    sem_id = semget(sem_key,1,IPC_CREAT |0666);
    if(-1 == sem_id)
    {
        printf("semget error\n");
        return -1;
    }

    //sem init
    union semun arg;
    arg.val = 1;
    if(semctl(sem_id,0,SETVAL,arg) == -1)
    {
        printf("semctl error\n");
        return -1;
    }

    //create shm
    shm_id = shmget(shm_key,SHM_SIZE,IPC_CREAT|0666);
    if(-1 == shm_id)
    {
        printf("shmget error\n");
        return -1;
    }
    static int cnt = 0;
    std::string data;
    while (true) {
        static struct sembuf op;

        //P操作
        op.sem_num = 0; //信号在信号集中索引，0代表第一个信号
        op.sem_op = -1; // P操作:sem_op = -1
        op.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO;
        if(semop(sem_id,&op,1) == -1)
        {
            printf("semop wait error\n");
            return -1;
        }

        if(cnt > 10000000)
        {
            cnt = 1;
        }
        data = "Data context: " + std::to_string(cnt++);

        // 将当前进程与共享内存shmid建立链接，获取共享内存地址
        shm_ptr = (char*)shmat(shm_id,nullptr,0);
        if(shm_ptr == (char*)-1){   //获取共享内存映射地址失败
            printf("shmat error\n");
            return -1;
        }
        memcpy(shm_ptr,data.c_str(),data.size() + 1);
        printf("Producer product Data: %s\n",shm_ptr);
        shmdt(shm_ptr);

        //V操作
        op.sem_num = 0; //信号在信号集中索引，0代表第一个信号
        op.sem_op = 1; // V操作:sem_op = 1
        op.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO;
        if(semop(sem_id,&op,1) == -1)
        {
            printf("semop post error\n");
            return -1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

消费者代码如下：

#include <iostream>
#include <sys/sem.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>


#define SEM_KEY 0x5678
#define SHM_KEY 0xABCD
#define SHM_SIZE 1024

union semun{
    int         val;
    struct semid_ds* buf;
    unsigned short *array;
};

int main()
{
    key_t sem_key = SEM_KEY;
    key_t shm_key = SHM_KEY;
    char*  shm_ptr = NULL;
    int sem_id = 0;
    int shm_id = 0;

    //sem create
    sem_id = semget(sem_key,1,IPC_CREAT |0666);
    if(-1 == sem_id)
    {
        printf("semget error\n");
        return -1;
    }

    //sem init
    union semun arg;
    arg.val = 1;
    if(semctl(sem_id,0,SETVAL,arg) == -1)
    {
        printf("semctl error\n");
        return -1;
    }

    //create shm
    shm_id = shmget(shm_key,SHM_SIZE,IPC_CREAT|0666);
    if(-1 == shm_id)
    {
        printf("shmget error\n");
        return -1;
    }

    while (true) {
        static struct sembuf op;
        op.sem_num = 0; //信号在信号集中索引，0代表第一个信号
        op.sem_op = -1; // P操作:sem_op = -1
        op.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO;
        if(semop(sem_id,&op,1) == -1)
        {
            printf("semop wait error\n");
            return -1;
        }

        shm_ptr = (char*)shmat(shm_id,nullptr,0);
        if(shm_ptr == (char*)-1){   //获取共享内存映射地址失败
            printf("shmat error\n");
            return -1;
        }
        printf("Customer Get Data: %s\n",shm_ptr);
        shmdt(shm_ptr);

        //
        op.sem_num = 0; //信号在信号集中索引，0代表第一个信号
        op.sem_op = 1; // V操作:sem_op = 1
        op.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO;
        if(semop(sem_id,&op,1) == -1)
        {
            printf("semop post error\n");
            return -1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

附加链接如下：

 进程间通信方式介绍_夜雨听萧瑟的博客-CSDN博客

 C++ 创建共享内存_c共享内存_夜雨听萧瑟的博客-CSDN博客

 信号量SytemV与Posix信号量的介绍与用法_夜雨听萧瑟的博客-CSDN博客

 C++信号量与共享内存实现进程间通信-CSDN博客