Python学习笔记-PyQt6之MVC项目结构初试

news2024/11/15 13:44:02

MVC结构是之model-view-controller三层架构的开发框架，用以将项目界面和逻辑进行解耦分析，便于维护。与WPF的MVVM相似。

项目开发做了一个秒表试手：

1.项目架构如下

controller：用于放置界面的控制逻辑
model：用于放置各个实际的单元模块
view：用于放置界面文件
res：用于方式图标等资源文件
main：程序主入口

2.view

设计一个秒表的界面，就一个显示显示时间，一个启动停止按钮。

# _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_


from PyQt6.QtWidgets import QWidget,QLCDNumber,QPushButton,QVBoxLayout
from PyQt6.QtGui import QIcon
from PyQt6.QtCore import Qt


class StopWatchView(QWidget):
    """
    秒表构造函数
    """

    def __init__(self):
        """
        构造函数
        """

        super().__init__()

        self.setWindowTitle("Stop Watch")
        self.setWindowIcon(QIcon(r"res/time04.ico"))
        
        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        """
        初始化界面
        """

        # Set window location and size.
        self.setGeometry(400,300,300,200)

        # 显示时间
        self.lcd = QLCDNumber()
        self.lcd.setDigitCount(6)
        self.lcd.display('0.00')

        # Show button.
        self.btn = QPushButton('Start')
        self.btn.setStyleSheet('background-color:darkgray')

        # Set layout.
        vboxlayout = QVBoxLayout()
        self.setLayout(vboxlayout)

        vboxlayout.addWidget(self.lcd)
        vboxlayout.addSpacing(5)
        vboxlayout.addWidget(self.btn)

3.model

编写一个即使单元模块，固定时间刷新一次时间。

# _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_

import sys
import time

from PyQt6.QtCore import QObject,pyqtSignal

class ClockServer(QObject):
    """Clock server"""

    update_time = pyqtSignal(str)       # 时间更新信号
    __isrun = False                     # Running flag. 

    @property
    def isrun(self):
        """get run flag."""
        return self.__isrun

    @isrun.setter
    def isrun(self,value):
        """set run flag."""
        if type(value) is bool:
            self.__isrun = value

    def run(self):
        """start server"""
        while True:
            start_time = time.time()
            while self.isrun:
                self.update_time.emit("{0:.2f}".format(time.time()-start_time))
                time.sleep(0.01)

4.controller

view和model的中间模块，用来整个界面和模块，控制具体的显示逻辑

# _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_

import sys

from model.clockutil import ClockServer
from view.stopwatchview import StopWatchView
from PyQt6.QtCore import Qt,QThread

class StopWatchController:
    """View controller"""
    def __init__(self):
        self.view = StopWatchView()
        self.view.btn.clicked.connect(self.btn_onclick)
        self.view.show()

        self.timeserver = ClockServer()
        self.timeserver.update_time.connect(self.view.lcd.display)

        self.thread = QThread()
        self.timeserver.moveToThread(self.thread)
        self.thread.started.connect(self.timeserver.run)
        self.thread.start()

    def btn_onclick(self):
        """按键响应事件"""
        if self.view.btn.text() == "Start":
            self.timeserver.isrun = True
            self.view.btn.setText("Stop")
        else:
            self.timeserver.isrun = False
            self.view.btn.setText("Start")

5.main

写了一个main文件作为软件的启动入口。

# _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_

import sys

from controller.stopwatchcontroller import StopWatchController
from PyQt6.QtWidgets import QApplication


if __name__ == "__main__":
    """main"""
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    stopwatch = StopWatchController()
    
    sys.exit(app.exec())