数学字体 Mathematical fonts

Mathematical fonts

数学字体：

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzRQSZ
\\ \mathcal{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzRQSZ} 
\\
\mathfrak{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzRQSZ} 
\\
\mathbb{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzRQSZ} 
\\

$ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzRQSZ \\ \mathcal{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzRQSZ} \\ \mathfrak{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzRQSZ} \\ \mathbb{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzRQSZ} \\$

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzRQSZ \\ 
\setminus\!mathcal\!\left \{ \right \}\\ 
\mathcal{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzRQSZ} \\ 
\setminus\!mathfrak\!\left \{ \right \}\\ 
\mathfrak{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzRQSZ} \\ 
\setminus\!mathbb\!\left \{ \right \}\\ 
\mathbb{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzRQSZ} \\

$ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzRQSZ \\ \setminus\!mathcal\!\left \{ \right \}\\ \mathcal{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzRQSZ} \\ \setminus\!mathfrak\!\left \{ \right \}\\ \mathfrak{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzRQSZ} \\ \setminus\!mathbb\!\left \{ \right \}\\ \mathbb{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzRQSZ} \\$

\boldsymbol{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\mathbf{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\mathit{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\mathrm{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\mathfrak{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\mathbb{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\

$\boldsymbol{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \mathbf{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \mathit{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \mathrm{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \mathfrak{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \mathbb{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\$

\setminus\!boldsymbol\!\left \{ Math \; Bold \; Greek \right \}\\ 
\boldsymbol{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\
 \setminus\!mathbf\!\left \{ Math \; Bold \right \}\\ 
\mathbf{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\
\setminus\!mathit\!\left \{ Math \; Italic \right \}\\ 
\mathit{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\setminus\!mathrm\!\left \{ Math \; Roman \right \}\\ 
\mathrm{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\setminus\!mathfrak\!\left \{ Math \; Fraktur \right \}\\ 
\mathfrak{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\setminus\!mathbb\!\left \{ Math \; Blackboard \right \}\\ 
\mathbb{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\

$\setminus\!boldsymbol\!\left \{ Math \; Bold \; Greek \right \}\\ \boldsymbol{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \setminus\!mathbf\!\left \{ Math \; Bold \right \}\\ \mathbf{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \setminus\!mathit\!\left \{ Math \; Italic \right \}\\ \mathit{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \setminus\!mathrm\!\left \{ Math \; Roman \right \}\\ \mathrm{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \setminus\!mathfrak\!\left \{ Math \; Fraktur \right \}\\ \mathfrak{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \setminus\!mathbb\!\left \{ Math \; Blackboard \right \}\\ \mathbb{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\$

\textup{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\textbf{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\textit{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\textrm{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\textsl{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\texttt{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\textsc{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\emph{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}

$\textup{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \textbf{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \textit{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \textrm{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \textsl{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \texttt{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \textsc{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \emph{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}$

\setminus\!textup\!\left \{ Text \; Upright \right \}\\ 
\textup{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\setminus\!textbf\!\left \{ Text \; Bold \right \}\\ 
\textbf{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\setminus\!textit\!\left \{ Text \; Italic \right \}\\ 
\textit{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\setminus\!textrm\!\left \{ Text \; Roman \right \}\\ 
\textrm{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\setminus\!textsl\!\left \{ Text \; Slanted \right \}\\ 
\textsl{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\setminus\!texttt\!\left \{ Text \; Typewriter \right \}\\ 
\texttt{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\setminus\!textsc\!\left \{ Text \; Small \; Caps \right \}\\ 
\textsc{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ 
\setminus\!emph\!\left \{ Text \; Emphasis \right \}\\ 
\emph{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}

$\setminus\!textup\!\left \{ Text \; Upright \right \}\\ \textup{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \setminus\!textbf\!\left \{ Text \; Bold \right \}\\ \textbf{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \setminus\!textit\!\left \{ Text \; Italic \right \}\\ \textit{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \setminus\!textrm\!\left \{ Text \; Roman \right \}\\ \textrm{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \setminus\!textsl\!\left \{ Text \; Slanted \right \}\\ \textsl{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \setminus\!texttt\!\left \{ Text \; Typewriter \right \}\\ \texttt{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \setminus\!textsc\!\left \{ Text \; Small \; Caps \right \}\\ \textsc{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz} \\ \setminus\!emph\!\left \{ Text \; Emphasis \right \}\\ \emph{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}$

Mathematical fonts

数学字体

1 Introduction
2 Capital letters-only font typefaces
3 Other mathematical fonts
4 Further reading

内容

1 引言
2 种仅大写字母字体
3 其他数学字体
4 延伸阅读

Introduction

Some mathematical elements need to be typeset using fonts containing characters/symbols of a certain style; for example, it is customary to represent real numbers with a blackboard bold font (such as $\mathbb{R}$ ), or topological spaces with calligraphic font (such as ( $\mathcal{T}$ ). This article shows how to use different font styles when typesetting mathematics, starting with the following example:

介绍

一些数学元素需要使用包含某种样式的字符/符号的字体进行排版;例如，习惯上用黑板粗体表示实数（如 $\mathbb{R}$ ），或带有书法字体的拓扑空间（例如（ $\mathcal{T}$ ).本文介绍如何在排版数学时使用不同的字体样式，从以下示例开始：

Let \( \mathcal{T} \) be a topological space, a basis is defined as
\[
 \mathcal{B} = \{B_{\alpha} \in \mathcal{T}\, |\,  U = \bigcup B_{\alpha} \forall U \in \mathcal{T} \}
\]

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This example produces the following output:

此示例生成以下输出：

Math fonts example

Use of some math font styles requires the line to be added to the document preamble: see the amsfonts package for further information. \usepackage{amssymb}

使用某些数学字体样式需要将该行添加到文档序言中：有关详细信息，请参阅 amsfonts 包。\usepackage{amssymb}

Capital letters-only font typefaces

There are some font typefaces which support only a limited number of characters; these fonts usually denote some special sets. For instance, to display the R in blackboard bold typeface you can use to produce $\mathbb{R}$. The following example shows calligraphic, fraktur and blackboard bold typefaces:

仅大写字母字体

有些字体仅支持有限数量的字符;这些字体通常表示一些特殊的集合。例如，要以黑板粗体字体显示 R，您可以使用它来生成$\mathbb{R}$.以下示例显示了书法、fraktur 和黑板粗体字体：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\begin{document}
\begin{align*}
RQSZ \\
\mathcal{RQSZ} \\
\mathfrak{RQSZ} \\
\mathbb{RQSZ}
\end{align*}
\end{document}

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This example produces the following output:

RQSZ \\
\mathcal{RQSZ} \\
\mathfrak{RQSZ} \\
\mathbb{RQSZ}

$RQSZ \\ \mathcal{RQSZ} \\ \mathfrak{RQSZ} \\ \mathbb{RQSZ}$

Changing fonts for typesetting maths

Other mathematical fonts

It is possible to set a different font family for a complete mathematical expression:

其他数学字体

可以为完整的数学表达式设置不同的字体系列：

\begin{align*}
3x^2 \in R \subset Q \\
\mathnormal{3x^2 \in R \subset Q} \\
\mathrm{3x^2 \in R \subset Q} \\
\mathit{3x^2 \in R \subset Q} \\
\mathbf{3x^2 \in R \subset Q} \\
\mathsf{3x^2 \in R \subset Q} \\
\mathtt{3x^2 \in R \subset Q}
\end{align*}

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This example produces the following output:

3x^2 \in R \subset Q \\
\mathnormal{3x^2 \in R \subset Q} \\
\mathrm{3x^2 \in R \subset Q} \\
\mathit{3x^2 \in R \subset Q} \\
\mathbf{3x^2 \in R \subset Q} \\
\mathsf{3x^2 \in R \subset Q} \\
\mathtt{3x^2 \in R \subset Q}

$3x^2 \in R \subset Q \\ \mathnormal{3x^2 \in R \subset Q} \\ \mathrm{3x^2 \in R \subset Q} \\ \mathit{3x^2 \in R \subset Q} \\ \mathbf{3x^2 \in R \subset Q} \\ \mathsf{3x^2 \in R \subset Q} \\ \mathtt{3x^2 \in R \subset Q}$

Changing fonts for typesetting maths

In this case, not only letters but all characters change their appearance; for example, italicises the entire expression to produce $\mathit{3x^2} $ .