一、蜂鸣器
1、蜂鸣器介绍
鸣器是一种将电信号转换为声音信号的器件，常用来产生设备的按键音、报警音等提示信号
- 有源蜂鸣器：内部自带振荡源，将正负极接上直流电压即可持续发声，频率固定
- 无源蜂鸣器：内部不带振荡源，需要控制器提供振荡脉冲才可发声，调整提供振荡脉冲的频率，可发出不同频率的声音
2、驱动电路
1）三极管驱动
2）集成电路驱动
3、ULN2003
二、乐理知识
1、键盘与音符对照
2、音符与频率对照
3、简谱
#升音
b降音
-增加一拍
_减少半拍
·增加半拍
三、蜂鸣器案例
1、按键提示音
main.c
#include <REGX52.H>
#include "Key.h"
#include "Nixie.h"
#include "Buzzer.h"
unsigned char KeyNum;
void main()
{
Nixie(1,0);
while(1)
{
KeyNum=Key();
if(KeyNum)
{
Buzzer_Time(100);
Nixie(1,KeyNum);
}
}
}
Buzzer.c
#include <REGX52.H>
#include <INTRINS.H>
//蜂鸣器端口：
sbit Buzzer=P1^5;
/**
* @brief 蜂鸣器私有延时函数，延时500us
* @param 无
* @retval 无
*/
void Buzzer_Delay500us() //@12.000MHz
{
unsigned char i;
_nop_();
i = 247;
while (--i);
}
/**
* @brief 蜂鸣器发声
* @param ms 发声的时长，范围：0~32767
* @retval 无
*/
void Buzzer_Time(unsigned int ms) {
unsigned int i;
for(i=0;i<ms*2;i++) {
Buzzer=!Buzzer;
Buzzer_Delay500us();
}
}
2、小星星
太多了，哭哭~ 放一下老师的源码咯
#include <REGX52.H>
#include "Delay.h"
#include "Timer0.h"
//蜂鸣器端口定义
sbit Buzzer=P1^5;
//播放速度，值为四分音符的时长(ms)
#define SPEED 500
//音符与索引对应表，P：休止符，L：低音，M：中音，H：高音，下划线：升半音符号#
#define P 0
#define L1 1
#define L1_ 2
#define L2 3
#define L2_ 4
#define L3 5
#define L4 6
#define L4_ 7
#define L5 8
#define L5_ 9
#define L6 10
#define L6_ 11
#define L7 12
#define M1 13
#define M1_ 14
#define M2 15
#define M2_ 16
#define M3 17
#define M4 18
#define M4_ 19
#define M5 20
#define M5_ 21
#define M6 22
#define M6_ 23
#define M7 24
#define H1 25
#define H1_ 26
#define H2 27
#define H2_ 28
#define H3 29
#define H4 30
#define H4_ 31
#define H5 32
#define H5_ 33
#define H6 34
#define H6_ 35
#define H7 36
//索引与频率对照表
unsigned int FreqTable[]={
0,
63628,63731,63835,63928,64021,64103,64185,64260,64331,64400,64463,64528,
64580,64633,64684,64732,64777,64820,64860,64898,64934,64968,65000,65030,
65058,65085,65110,65134,65157,65178,65198,65217,65235,65252,65268,65283,
};
//乐谱
unsigned char code Music[]={
//音符,时值,
//1
P, 4,
P, 4,
P, 4,
M6, 2,
M7, 2,
H1, 4+2,
M7, 2,
H1, 4,
H3, 4,
M7, 4+4+4,
M3, 2,
M3, 2,
//2
M6, 4+2,
M5, 2,
M6, 4,
H1, 4,
M5, 4+4+4,
M3, 4,
M4, 4+2,
M3, 2,
M4, 4,
H1, 4,
//3
M3, 4+4,
P, 2,
H1, 2,
H1, 2,
H1, 2,
M7, 4+2,
M4_,2,
M4_,4,
M7, 4,
M7, 8,
P, 4,
M6, 2,
M7, 2,
//4
H1, 4+2,
M7, 2,
H1, 4,
H3, 4,
M7, 4+4+4,
M3, 2,
M3, 2,
M6, 4+2,
M5, 2,
M6, 4,
H1, 4,
//5
M5, 4+4+4,
M2, 2,
M3, 2,
M4, 4,
H1, 2,
M7, 2+2,
H1, 2+4,
H2, 2,
H2, 2,
H3, 2,
H1, 2+4+4,
//6
H1, 2,
M7, 2,
M6, 2,
M6, 2,
M7, 4,
M5_,4,
M6, 4+4+4,
H1, 2,
H2, 2,
H3, 4+2,
H2, 2,
H3, 4,
H5, 4,
//7
H2, 4+4+4,
M5, 2,
M5, 2,
H1, 4+2,
M7, 2,
H1, 4,
H3, 4,
H3, 4+4+4+4,
//8
M6, 2,
M7, 2,
H1, 4,
M7, 4,
H2, 2,
H2, 2,
H1, 4+2,
M5, 2+4+4,
H4, 4,
H3, 4,
H3, 4,
H1, 4,
//9
H3, 4+4+4,
H3, 4,
H6, 4+4,
H5, 4,
H5, 4,
H3, 2,
H2, 2,
H1, 4+4,
P, 2,
H1, 2,
//10
H2, 4,
H1, 2,
H2, 2,
H2, 4,
H5, 4,
H3, 4+4+4,
H3, 4,
H6, 4+4,
H5, 4+4,
//11
H3, 2,
H2, 2,
H1, 4+4,
P, 2,
H1, 2,
H2, 4,
H1, 2,
H2, 2+4,
M7, 4,
M6, 4+4+4,
P, 4,
0xFF //终止标志
};
unsigned char FreqSelect,MusicSelect;
void main()
{
Timer0Init();
while(1)
{
if(Music[MusicSelect]!=0xFF) //如果不是停止标志位
{
FreqSelect=Music[MusicSelect]; //选择音符对应的频率
MusicSelect++;
Delay(SPEED/4*Music[MusicSelect]); //选择音符对应的时值
MusicSelect++;
TR0=0;
Delay(5); //音符间短暂停顿
TR0=1;
}
else //如果是停止标志位
{
TR0=0;
while(1);
}
}
}
void Timer0_Routine() interrupt 1
{
if(FreqTable[FreqSelect]) //如果不是休止符
{
/*取对应频率值的重装载值到定时器*/
TL0 = FreqTable[FreqSelect]%256; //设置定时初值
TH0 = FreqTable[FreqSelect]/256; //设置定时初值
Buzzer=!Buzzer; //翻转蜂鸣器IO口
}
}
