37款传感器与模块的提法,在网络上广泛流传,其实Arduino能够兼容的传感器模块肯定是不止37种的。鉴于本人手头积累了一些传感器和执行器模块,依照实践出真知(一定要动手做)的理念,以学习和交流为目的,这里准备逐一动手试试多做实验,不管成功与否,都会记录下来——小小的进步或是搞不掂的问题,希望能够抛砖引玉。
【Arduino】168种传感器模块系列实验(资料代码+仿真编程+图形编程)
实验一百九十九:WS2812B全彩RGB像素屏 8x32点阵LED显示屏 可编程硬屏模块
知识点:WS2812B主要特点
智能反接保护,电源反接不会损坏IC。
IC控制电路与LED点光源公用一个电源。
控制电路与RGB芯片集成在一个5050封装的元器件中,构成一个完整的外控像素点。
内置信号整形电路,任何一个像素点收到信号后经过波形整形再输出,保证线路波形畸变不会累加。
内置上电复位和掉电复位电路。
每个像素点的三基色颜色可实现256级亮度显示,完成16777216种颜色的全真色彩显示,扫描频率不低于400Hz/s。
串行级联接口,能通过一根信号线完成数据的接收与解码。
任意两点传传输距离在不超过5米时无需增加任何电路。
当刷新速率30帧/秒时,级联数不小于1024点。
数据发送速度可达800Kbps。
光的颜色高度一致,性价比高。
主要应用领域
LED全彩发光字灯串,LED全彩模组, LED全彩软灯条硬灯条,LED护栏管。
LED点光源,LED像素屏,LED异形屏,各种电子产品,电器设备跑马灯。
WS2812B灯屏电原理参考图
实验涉及到的几个WS2812B相关库
安装FastLED库,工具—管理库—搜索FastLED—安装
安装NeoPixel库,工具—管理库—搜索NeoPixel—安装
安装Adafruit_NeoPixel库,
下载https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_NeoPixel
实验开源图形编程(Mind+、编玩边学)
Arduino实验场景图
【Arduino】168种传感器模块系列实验(资料代码+仿真编程+图形编程)
实验二百一十四:WS2812B全彩RGB像素屏 8x32点阵LED显示屏 硬屏模块
项目程序之七:按键控制进入九种变幻彩灯程序
Arduino实验开源代码
/*
【Arduino】168种传感器模块系列实验(资料代码+仿真编程+图形编程)
实验二百一十四:WS2812B全彩RGB像素屏 8x32点阵LED显示屏 硬屏模块
项目程序之七:按键控制进入九种变幻彩灯程序
*/
#include <Adafruit_NeoPixel.h>
#ifdef __AVR__
#include <avr/power.h> // Required for 16 MHz Adafruit Trinket
#endif
// Digital IO pin connected to the button. This will be driven with a
// pull-up resistor so the switch pulls the pin to ground momentarily.
// On a high -> low transition the button press logic will execute.
#define BUTTON_PIN 2
#define PIXEL_PIN 6 // Digital IO pin connected to the NeoPixels.
#define PIXEL_COUNT 256 // Number of NeoPixels
// Declare our NeoPixel strip object:
Adafruit_NeoPixel strip(PIXEL_COUNT, PIXEL_PIN, NEO_GRB + NEO_KHZ800);
// Argument 1 = Number of pixels in NeoPixel strip
// Argument 2 = Arduino pin number (most are valid)
// Argument 3 = Pixel type flags, add together as needed:
// NEO_KHZ800 800 KHz bitstream (most NeoPixel products w/WS2812 LEDs)
// NEO_KHZ400 400 KHz (classic 'v1' (not v2) FLORA pixels, WS2811 drivers)
// NEO_GRB Pixels are wired for GRB bitstream (most NeoPixel products)
// NEO_RGB Pixels are wired for RGB bitstream (v1 FLORA pixels, not v2)
// NEO_RGBW Pixels are wired for RGBW bitstream (NeoPixel RGBW products)
boolean oldState = HIGH;
int mode = 0; // Currently-active animation mode, 0-9
void setup() {
pinMode(BUTTON_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);
strip.begin(); // Initialize NeoPixel strip object (REQUIRED)
strip.show(); // Initialize all pixels to 'off'
}
void loop() {
// Get current button state.
boolean newState = digitalRead(BUTTON_PIN);
// Check if state changed from high to low (button press).
if ((newState == LOW) && (oldState == HIGH)) {
// Short delay to debounce button.
delay(1);
// Check if button is still low after debounce.
newState = digitalRead(BUTTON_PIN);
if (newState == LOW) { // Yes, still low
if (++mode > 8) mode = 0; // Advance to next mode, wrap around after #8
switch (mode) { // Start the new animation...
case 0:
colorWipe(strip.Color( 0, 0, 0), 50); // Black/off
break;
case 1:
colorWipe(strip.Color(255, 0, 0), 50); // Red
break;
case 2:
colorWipe(strip.Color( 0, 255, 0), 50); // Green
break;
case 3:
colorWipe(strip.Color( 0, 0, 255), 50); // Blue
break;
case 4:
theaterChase(strip.Color(127, 127, 127), 50); // White
break;
case 5:
theaterChase(strip.Color(127, 0, 0), 50); // Red
break;
case 6:
theaterChase(strip.Color( 0, 0, 127), 50); // Blue
break;
case 7:
rainbow(10);
break;
case 8:
theaterChaseRainbow(50);
break;
}
}
}
// Set the last-read button state to the old state.
oldState = newState;
}
// Fill strip pixels one after another with a color. Strip is NOT cleared
// first; anything there will be covered pixel by pixel. Pass in color
// (as a single 'packed' 32-bit value, which you can get by calling
// strip.Color(red, green, blue) as shown in the loop() function above),
// and a delay time (in milliseconds) between pixels.
void colorWipe(uint32_t color, int wait) {
for (int i = 0; i < strip.numPixels(); i++) { // For each pixel in strip...
strip.setPixelColor(i, color); // Set pixel's color (in RAM)
strip.show(); // Update strip to match
delay(30); // Pause for a moment
}
}
// Theater-marquee-style chasing lights. Pass in a color (32-bit value,
// a la strip.Color(r,g,b) as mentioned above), and a delay time (in ms)
// between frames.
void theaterChase(uint32_t color, int wait) {
for (int a = 0; a < 10; a++) { // Repeat 10 times...
for (int b = 0; b < 3; b++) { // 'b' counts from 0 to 2...
strip.clear(); // Set all pixels in RAM to 0 (off)
// 'c' counts up from 'b' to end of strip in steps of 3...
for (int c = b; c < strip.numPixels(); c += 3) {
strip.setPixelColor(c, color); // Set pixel 'c' to value 'color'
}
strip.show(); // Update strip with new contents
delay(30); // Pause for a moment
}
}
}
// Rainbow cycle along whole strip. Pass delay time (in ms) between frames.
void rainbow(int wait) {
// Hue of first pixel runs 3 complete loops through the color wheel.
// Color wheel has a range of 65536 but it's OK if we roll over, so
// just count from 0 to 3*65536. Adding 256 to firstPixelHue each time
// means we'll make 3*65536/256 = 768 passes through this outer loop:
for (long firstPixelHue = 0; firstPixelHue < 3 * 65536; firstPixelHue += 256) {
for (int i = 0; i < strip.numPixels(); i++) { // For each pixel in strip...
// Offset pixel hue by an amount to make one full revolution of the
// color wheel (range of 65536) along the length of the strip
// (strip.numPixels() steps):
int pixelHue = firstPixelHue + (i * 65536L / strip.numPixels());
// strip.ColorHSV() can take 1 or 3 arguments: a hue (0 to 65535) or
// optionally add saturation and value (brightness) (each 0 to 255).
// Here we're using just the single-argument hue variant. The result
// is passed through strip.gamma32() to provide 'truer' colors
// before assigning to each pixel:
strip.setPixelColor(i, strip.gamma32(strip.ColorHSV(pixelHue)));
}
strip.show(); // Update strip with new contents
delay(30); // Pause for a moment
}
}
// Rainbow-enhanced theater marquee. Pass delay time (in ms) between frames.
void theaterChaseRainbow(int wait) {
int firstPixelHue = 0; // First pixel starts at red (hue 0)
for (int a = 0; a < 30; a++) { // Repeat 30 times...
for (int b = 0; b < 3; b++) { // 'b' counts from 0 to 2...
strip.clear(); // Set all pixels in RAM to 0 (off)
// 'c' counts up from 'b' to end of strip in increments of 3...
for (int c = b; c < strip.numPixels(); c += 3) {
// hue of pixel 'c' is offset by an amount to make one full
// revolution of the color wheel (range 65536) along the length
// of the strip (strip.numPixels() steps):
int hue = firstPixelHue + c * 65536L / strip.numPixels();
uint32_t color = strip.gamma32(strip.ColorHSV(hue)); // hue -> RGB
strip.setPixelColor(c, color); // Set pixel 'c' to value 'color'
}
strip.show(); // Update strip with new contents
delay(30); // Pause for a moment
firstPixelHue += 65536 / 90; // One cycle of color wheel over 90 frames
}
}
}
Arduino实验场景图
【Arduino】168种传感器模块系列实验(资料代码+仿真编程+图形编程)
实验二百一十四:WS2812B全彩RGB像素屏 8x32点阵LED显示屏 硬屏模块
项目程序之八:多彩颜色调色板
Arduino实验开源代码
/*
【Arduino】168种传感器模块系列实验(资料代码+仿真编程+图形编程)
实验二百一十四:WS2812B全彩RGB像素屏 8x32点阵LED显示屏 硬屏模块
项目程序之八:多彩颜色调色板
*/
#include <FastLED.h>
#define LED_PIN 6
#define NUM_LEDS 256
#define BRIGHTNESS 23
#define LED_TYPE WS2811
#define COLOR_ORDER GRB
CRGB leds[NUM_LEDS];
#define UPDATES_PER_SECOND 100 //定义每秒更新数
// This example shows several ways to set up and use 'palettes' of colors
// with FastLED.
//
// These compact palettes provide an easy way to re-colorize your
// animation on the fly, quickly, easily, and with low overhead.
//
// USING palettes is MUCH simpler in practice than in theory, so first just
// run this sketch, and watch the pretty lights as you then read through
// the code. Although this sketch has eight (or more) different color schemes,
// the entire sketch compiles down to about 6.5K on AVR.
//
// FastLED provides a few pre-configured color palettes, and makes it
// extremely easy to make up your own color schemes with palettes.
//
// Some notes on the more abstract 'theory and practice' of
// FastLED compact palettes are at the bottom of this file.
CRGBPalette16 currentPalette;
TBlendType currentBlending;
extern CRGBPalette16 myRedWhiteBluePalette;
extern const TProgmemPalette16 myRedWhiteBluePalette_p PROGMEM;
void setup() {
delay( 3000 ); // power-up safety delay
FastLED.addLeds<LED_TYPE, LED_PIN, COLOR_ORDER>(leds, NUM_LEDS).setCorrection( TypicalLEDStrip );
FastLED.setBrightness( BRIGHTNESS );
currentPalette = RainbowColors_p;
currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
}
void loop()
{
ChangePalettePeriodically();
static uint8_t startIndex = 0;
startIndex = startIndex + 1; /* motion speed */
FillLEDsFromPaletteColors( startIndex);
FastLED.show();
FastLED.delay(1000 / UPDATES_PER_SECOND);
}
void FillLEDsFromPaletteColors( uint8_t colorIndex)
{
uint8_t brightness = 255;
for ( int i = 0; i < NUM_LEDS; ++i) {
leds[i] = ColorFromPalette( currentPalette, colorIndex, brightness, currentBlending);
colorIndex += 3;
}
}
// There are several different palettes of colors demonstrated here.
//
// FastLED provides several 'preset' palettes: RainbowColors_p, RainbowStripeColors_p,
// OceanColors_p, CloudColors_p, LavaColors_p, ForestColors_p, and PartyColors_p.
//
// Additionally, you can manually define your own color palettes, or you can write
// code that creates color palettes on the fly. All are shown here.
void ChangePalettePeriodically()
{
uint8_t secondHand = (millis() / 1000) % 60;
static uint8_t lastSecond = 99;
if ( lastSecond != secondHand) {
lastSecond = secondHand;
if ( secondHand == 0) {
currentPalette = RainbowColors_p;
currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
}
if ( secondHand == 10) {
currentPalette = RainbowStripeColors_p;
currentBlending = NOBLEND;
}
if ( secondHand == 15) {
currentPalette = RainbowStripeColors_p;
currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
}
if ( secondHand == 20) {
SetupPurpleAndGreenPalette();
currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
}
if ( secondHand == 25) {
SetupTotallyRandomPalette();
currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
}
if ( secondHand == 30) {
SetupBlackAndWhiteStripedPalette();
currentBlending = NOBLEND;
}
if ( secondHand == 35) {
SetupBlackAndWhiteStripedPalette();
currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
}
if ( secondHand == 40) {
currentPalette = CloudColors_p;
currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
}
if ( secondHand == 45) {
currentPalette = PartyColors_p;
currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
}
if ( secondHand == 50) {
currentPalette = myRedWhiteBluePalette_p;
currentBlending = NOBLEND;
}
if ( secondHand == 55) {
currentPalette = myRedWhiteBluePalette_p;
currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
}
}
}
// This function fills the palette with totally random colors.
void SetupTotallyRandomPalette()
{
for ( int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
currentPalette[i] = CHSV( random8(), 255, random8());
}
}
// This function sets up a palette of black and white stripes,
// using code. Since the palette is effectively an array of
// sixteen CRGB colors, the various fill_* functions can be used
// to set them up.
void SetupBlackAndWhiteStripedPalette()
{
// 'black out' all 16 palette entries...
fill_solid( currentPalette, 16, CRGB::Black);
// and set every fourth one to white.
currentPalette[0] = CRGB::White;
currentPalette[4] = CRGB::White;
currentPalette[8] = CRGB::White;
currentPalette[12] = CRGB::White;
}
// This function sets up a palette of purple and green stripes.
void SetupPurpleAndGreenPalette()
{
CRGB purple = CHSV( HUE_PURPLE, 255, 255);
CRGB green = CHSV( HUE_GREEN, 255, 255);
CRGB black = CRGB::Black;
currentPalette = CRGBPalette16(
green, green, black, black,
purple, purple, black, black,
green, green, black, black,
purple, purple, black, black );
}
// This example shows how to set up a static color palette
// which is stored in PROGMEM (flash), which is almost always more
// plentiful than RAM. A static PROGMEM palette like this
// takes up 64 bytes of flash.
const TProgmemPalette16 myRedWhiteBluePalette_p PROGMEM =
{
CRGB::Red,
CRGB::Gray, // 'white' is too bright compared to red and blue
CRGB::Blue,
CRGB::Black,
CRGB::Red,
CRGB::Gray,
CRGB::Blue,
CRGB::Black,
CRGB::Red,
CRGB::Red,
CRGB::Gray,
CRGB::Gray,
CRGB::Blue,
CRGB::Blue,
CRGB::Black,
CRGB::Black
};
// Additional notes on FastLED compact palettes:
//
// Normally, in computer graphics, the palette (or "color lookup table")
// has 256 entries, each containing a specific 24-bit RGB color. You can then
// index into the color palette using a simple 8-bit (one byte) value.
// A 256-entry color palette takes up 768 bytes of RAM, which on Arduino
// is quite possibly "too many" bytes.
//
// FastLED does offer traditional 256-element palettes, for setups that
// can afford the 768-byte cost in RAM.
//
// However, FastLED also offers a compact alternative. FastLED offers
// palettes that store 16 distinct entries, but can be accessed AS IF
// they actually have 256 entries; this is accomplished by interpolating
// between the 16 explicit entries to create fifteen intermediate palette
// entries between each pair.
//
// So for example, if you set the first two explicit entries of a compact
// palette to Green (0,255,0) and Blue (0,0,255), and then retrieved
// the first sixteen entries from the virtual palette (of 256), you'd get
// Green, followed by a smooth gradient from green-to-blue, and then Blue.
Arduino实验场景图