tip：空值合并运算符（??）是一个逻辑运算符，当左侧的操作数为 null 或者 undefined 时，返回其右侧操作数，否则返回左侧操作数。reduce() 方法对数组中的每个元素按序执行一个提供的 reducer 函数，每一次运行 reducer 会将先前元素的计算结果作为参数传入，最后将其结果汇总为单个返回值。in 如果指定的属性在指定的对象或其原型链中，则 in 运算符返回 true。

const countedNames = ["red", "red", "green", "yellow", "pink","red","pink","red"].reduce((allNames, cur) => {
      const currCount = allNames[cur] ?? 0;
      return {
          ...allNames,
          [cur]: currCount + 1,
      };
  }, {});
  console.log(countedNames);

let arr = ["red", "red", "green", "yellow", "pink","red","pink","red"].reduce( (allNames, cur)=> {
     if (cur in allNames) {
           allNames[cur]++;
       } else {
           allNames[cur] = 1;
       }
       return allNames;
   }, {});
console.log(arr);