.net6中WPF的串口通信和USB通信

news2024/11/25 0:30:55

之前写过串口通信，不过是winform的。

c#使用串口进行通信_c# 串口通信_故里2130的博客-CSDN博客

今天说一下，.net6中wpf的串口通信和USB通信，在工控行业中，这2种的方式非常多，还有网口通信，它们都是用来和硬件打交道的，进行交互信息。

一、串口通信

1.安装System.IO.Ports

2.基本上代码都是一样的，xaml界面

<Window x:Class="WPFPortsUSB.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WPFPortsUSB"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800">
    <StackPanel>
        <TextBox Name="txtPort"/>
        <Button Name="btnLink" Height="25" Content="连接" Click="btnLink_Click"/>
        <TextBox Name="txtSend"/>
        <Button Name="btnSend" Height="25" Content="发送" Click="btnSend_Click"/>
        <TextBlock Text="接收的数据"/>
        <TextBox Name="txtReceive"/>
    </StackPanel>
</Window>

3.cs代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace WPFPortsUSB
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        SerialPort serialPort = new SerialPort();
        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void btnLink_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            string[] ports = System.IO.Ports.SerialPort.GetPortNames();
            if (ports.Length == 0)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("本机没有串口！");
            }
            serialPort.PortName = ports[Convert.ToInt16(txtPort.Text)];//这里的0，就是COM1，1是COM2。因为电脑创建了2个COM串口
            serialPort.BaudRate = 9600;//波特率
            serialPort.DataBits = 8;//数据位
            serialPort.StopBits = System.IO.Ports.StopBits.One;//停止位
            //serialPort.Encoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");//此行非常重要，解决接收中文乱码的问题
            serialPort.DataReceived += SerialPort_DataReceived;

            // 打开串口
            try
            {
                serialPort.Open();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                //捕获到异常信息，创建一个新的comm对象，之前的不能用了。  
                serialPort = new System.IO.Ports.SerialPort();
                //将异常信息传递给用户。  
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
                return;
            }
        }

        private void SerialPort_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
        {
            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(500);
            string txt = serialPort.ReadExisting();
            this.Dispatcher.Invoke(new Action(() =>
            {
                txtReceive.Text = txt;
            }));

        }

        private void btnSend_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            serialPort.Write(txtSend.Text);
        }
    }
}

4.开启2个COM

5.效果

直接运行2个客户端

一个写1端口，一个写2端口，进行通信

可见，2个客户端能进行信息传送

二、USB通信

1.安装Management

2.操作USB有2种方式

一是LibUsbDotNet

二是使用P/Invoke

3.代码

using LibUsbDotNet.Main;
using LibUsbDotNet;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Management;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using LibUsbDotNet.Info;

namespace USB
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {

        //const int HID_DEVICE_VID = 0x093A;
        //const int HID_DEVICE_PID = 0x2533;
        const int HID_DEVICE_VID = 0x0461;
        const int HID_DEVICE_PID = 0x4E28;
        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void btnQuery_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            ManagementScope scope = new ManagementScope("\\\\.\\ROOT\\CIMV2");
            ObjectQuery query = new ObjectQuery("SELECT * FROM Win32_USBHub");

            using (ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(scope, query))
            {
                ManagementObjectCollection collection = searcher.Get();

                string str = string.Empty;
                foreach (ManagementObject device in collection)
                {
                    str += device["Name"].ToString() + device["DeviceID"] + "\r";
                    //Console.WriteLine("设备名称: " + device["Name"]);
                    //Console.WriteLine("设备ID: " + device["DeviceID"]);
                    //Console.WriteLine();
                }
                txtReceive.Text = str;
            }

        }

        public static void GetUSBInfo()
        {
            UsbRegDeviceList allDevices = UsbDevice.AllDevices;
            Console.WriteLine("Found {0} devices", allDevices.Count);
            foreach (UsbRegistry usb in allDevices)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("----------------");
                Console.WriteLine($"Device info: {usb.Device.Info.ProductString}");
                Console.WriteLine($"Pid: {usb.Pid}, VID: {usb.Vid}");
            }
            Console.WriteLine(allDevices.Count);
        }

        private void btnOK_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            //1.使用LibUsbDotNet
            // 获取所有已连接的USB设备
            GetUSBInfo();
            //var usbDevices = UsbDevice.AllDevices;

             遍历每个USB设备
            //foreach (UsbDevice usbDevice in usbDevices)
            //{
            //    // 打印USB设备的信息
            //    Console.WriteLine("设备描述: " + usbDevice.Info.DeviceDescription);
            //    Console.WriteLine("厂商ID: " + usbDevice.Info.UsbVendorId);
            //    Console.WriteLine("产品ID: " + usbDevice.Info.UsbProductId);
            //    Console.WriteLine();

            //    // 检查是否为目标设备（根据VID和PID判断）
            //    if (usbDevice.Info.UsbVendorId == 0x1234 && usbDevice.Info.UsbProductId == 0x5678)
            //    {
            //        try
            //        {
            //            // 打开USB设备
            //            usbDevice.Open();

            //            // 进行你的USB通信操作（读取或写入数据等）
            //            // ...

            //            // 关闭USB设备
            //            usbDevice.Close();
            //        }
            //        catch (Exception ex)
            //        {
            //            Console.WriteLine("发生异常: " + ex.Message);
            //        }
            //    }
            //}



            //2.使用P/Invoke
            IntPtr deviceHandle = UsbCommunication.OpenHidDevice(HID_DEVICE_VID, HID_DEVICE_PID);

            if (deviceHandle != IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                byte[] sendData = { /* 发送的数据 */ };
                byte[] receiveData = new byte[64];

                int bytesWritten = UsbCommunication.WriteHid(deviceHandle, sendData, sendData.Length);
                int bytesRead = UsbCommunication.ReadHid(deviceHandle, receiveData, receiveData.Length);

                // 处理接收到的数据

                UsbCommunication.CloseHidDevice(deviceHandle);
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("无法打开HID设备");
            }

            Console.WriteLine("按任意键退出...");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        class UsbCommunication
        {
            // 调用底层库进行USB通信，此处省略具体实现，需要根据实际情况编写相应的P/Invoke声明和方法实现
            [DllImport("usb_communication.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
            public static extern IntPtr OpenHidDevice(int vid, int pid);

            [DllImport("usb_communication.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
            public static extern int WriteHid(IntPtr handle, byte[] data, int length);

            [DllImport("usb_communication.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
            public static extern int ReadHid(IntPtr handle, byte[] data, int length);

            [DllImport("usb_communication.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
            public static extern void CloseHidDevice(IntPtr handle);
        }
    }
}

4.效果