Spring Cloud Alibaba: Gateway 网关过滤器 GatewayGatewayFilter factory (记录)

news2024/11/17 15:42:51

AddRequestHeader GatewayFilter factory

AddRequestHeadersIfNotPresent GatewayFilter factory

AddRequestParameter GatewayFilter Factory

AddResponseHeader GatewayFilter Factory

CircuitBreaker GatewayFilter factory

circuit breaker based on the status code

PrefixPath GatewayFilter factory

StripPrefix GatewayFilter factory

RewritePath GatewayFilter factory

RequestRateLimiter GatewayFilter factory

default-filters

自定义GatewayFilter

多filter的运行

`AddRequestHeader` `GatewayFilter` factory

添加对应key和value

server:
  port: 9000

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: my_route
          uri: http://localhost:7070
          predicates:
            - Path=/info/**
          filters:
            - AddRequestHeader=X-Request-Color, blue

controller获取请求头遍历输出

postman加请求头也能输出

`AddRequestHeadersIfNotPresent` `GatewayFilter` factory

可以添加多组key和value(请求头不存在对应key的情况下)

server:
  port: 9000

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: my_route
          uri: http://localhost:7070
          predicates:
            - Path=/info/**
          filters:
            - AddRequestHeadersIfNotPresent=X-Request-Color:blue,school:rjxy

@GetMapping("/allHeaders")
    public String allHeadersHandle(HttpServletRequest request){
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        //获取请求头所有的key
        Enumeration<String> headerNames = request.getHeaderNames();
        //遍历所有key
        while (headerNames.hasMoreElements()) {
            //获取key
            String name = headerNames.nextElement();
            sb.append(name+"===");
            //获取当前key的所有value
            Enumeration<String> headers = request.getHeaders(name);
            //遍历所有value
            while (headers.hasMoreElements()) {
                //将当前遍历的value追加到sb中
                sb.append(headers.nextElement()+"");
            }
            sb.append("<br>");

        }
        
        return sb.toString();
    }

controller进行请求头遍历输出，添加成功

`AddRequestParameter` `GatewayFilter` Factory

添加请求参数

server:
  port: 9000

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: my_route
          uri: http://localhost:7070
          predicates:
            - Path=/info/**
          filters:
            - AddRequestParameter=red, blue

controller

@GetMapping("/params")
    public String paramsHandle(String red){

        return red;
    }

获取成功

`AddResponseHeader` `GatewayFilter` Factory

响应修改

server:
  port: 9000

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: my_route
          uri: http://localhost:7070
          predicates:
            - Path=/info/**
          filters:
            - AddResponseHeader=X-Response-color, Blue
            - AddResponseHeader=X-Response-color, Red

直接F12查看响应头，添加成功

CircuitBreaker GatewayFilter factory

熔断过滤工厂，完成网关层的服务熔断与降级

server:
  port: 9000

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: my_route
          uri: http://localhost:7070
          predicates:
            - Path=/info/**
          filters:
            - name: CircuitBreaker
              args:
                name: myCircuitBreaker
                fallbackUri: forward:/fb

访问http://localhost:7070不成功时，降级访问forward:/fb

降级controller

@GetMapping("/fb")
    public String fallbackHandle(){
        return "This is the Gateway Fallback";
    }

测试，直接不启动7070，访问9000，熔断成功

circuit breaker based on the status code

`PrefixPath` `GatewayFilter` factory

server:
  port: 9000

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: my_route
          uri: http://localhost:8081
          predicates:
            - Path=/student/**
          filters:
            - PrefixPath=/provider

匹配字段，加上前缀，子模块自动添加路径

测试成功

`StripPrefix` `GatewayFilter` factory

去除指定的请求路径

server:
  port: 9000

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: my_route
          uri: http://localhost:8081
          predicates:
            - Path=/aa/bb/provider/student/**
          filters:
            - StripPrefix=2

去除/aa/bb

测试成功

`RewritePath` `GatewayFilter` factory

重写路径

server:
  port: 9000

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: my_route
          uri: http://localhost:8081
          predicates:
            - Path=/red/blue/**
          filters:
            - RewritePath=/red/blue,/provider/student
            //            - RewritePath=/red/?(?<segment>.*), /$\{segment}

匹配路径，替换成指定路径

`RequestRateLimiter` `GatewayFilter` factory

通过令牌桶算法对进来的请求进行限流

导入依赖

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-data-redis-reactive -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis-reactive</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.5</version>
</dependency>

添加限流键解析器

在启动类中添加一个限流键解析器，其用于从请求中解析出需要限流的key。

本例指定的是根据请求的host或ip进行限流。

package com.guo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.ratelimit.KeyResolver;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    KeyResolver userKeyResolver() {
        return exchange -> Mono.just(exchange.getRequest().getRemoteAddress().getHostName());
    }
}

修改配置文件

server:
  port: 9000



spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: my_route
          uri: http://localhost:8081
          predicates:
            - Path=/**
          filters:
#              replenishRate 填充率
            - name: RequestRateLimiter
              args:
                key-resolver: "#{@userKeyResolver}"
                redis-rate-limiter.replenishRate: 2
                redis-rate-limiter.burstCapacity: 5
                redis-rate-limiter.requestedTokens: 1
  data:
    redis:
      host: 127.0.0.1
      port: 6379

成功

default-filters

server:
  port: 9000

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      default-filters:
        - AddRequestHeader=X-Request-Color, Default-Blue
      routes:
        - id: my_route
          uri: http://localhost:7070
          predicates:
            - Path=/info/header

        - id: my_route
          uri: http://localhost:7070
          predicates:
            - Path=/info/headers

测试成功

自定义GatewayFilter

AddHeaderGatewayFilter.java

public class AddHeaderGatewayFilter implements GatewayFilter {
    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest()
                                            .mutate()
                                            .header("X-Request-Color", "filter-Red")
                                            .build();
        ServerWebExchange webExchange = exchange.mutate().request(request).build();
        return chain.filter(webExchange);
    }
}

调用自定义的GatewayFilter

@Bean
public RouteLocator routeLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder builder){
    return builder.routes()
            .route("my_router2",
                    ps ->ps.path("/info/**")
                            .filters(fs->fs.filter(new AddHeaderGatewayFilter()))
                            .uri("http://localhost:7070"))
            .build();
}

测试成功

多filter的运行

OneGateWayFilter.java

@Slf4j
public class OneGateWayFilter implements GatewayFilter {
    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        log.info("oneFilter-pre："+startTime);
        exchange.getAttributes().put("startTime",startTime);
        return chain.filter(exchange).then(
                Mono.fromRunnable(()->{
                    log.info("oneFilter------post");
                    Long startTimeAttr = (Long) exchange.getAttributes().get("startTime");
                    long elaspedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTimeAttr;
                    log.info("所有过滤器执行的时间（毫秒）为："+elaspedTime);
                })
        );
    }
}

TwoGateWayFilter.java

@Slf4j
public class TwoGateWayFilter implements GatewayFilter {
    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        log.info("TwoFilter----pre");
        return chain.filter(exchange).then(
                Mono.fromRunnable(()->{
                    log.info("TwoFilter------post");
                })
        );
    }
}

ThreeGateWayFilter.java

@Slf4j
public class ThreeGateWayFilter implements GatewayFilter {
    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        log.info("ThreeFilter----pre");
        return chain.filter(exchange).then(
                Mono.fromRunnable(()->{
                    log.info("ThreeFilter------post");
                })
        );
    }
}