写Paper最重要的一点就是要仔细理解，Paper的题目告诉了哪些信息。

 

　　The most important thing about writing paper is to carefully understand what information the paper title tells you.

　　你应当精度每一个单词，从中找到尽可能多的指导。然后需要考虑的就是针对题目中的每个细节元素，想象该如何作答。题目当中给出的指导信息时Paper要求的最好线索所在。

　　You should be precise in every word and find as many instructions as possible.Then you need to think about how to answer each detail element in the question.The guidance information given in the topic is the best clue required by Paper.

　　正如一位导师所说：“当我的学生们向我咨询Paper writing技巧的时候，我通常会给他们三条建议。第一，回答问题；第二，回答问题；第三，还是回答问题。”这在Paper写作里是很重要的起点，但是在Paper写作过程中，偏离主题，浪费一些无用的字眼而远离写作材料，都是很可能出现的。

　　As a tutor said,"When my students ask me about paper writing skills,I usually give them three suggestions.First,answer questions;second,answer questions;third,answer questions."This is an important starting point in paper writing,but in the process of paper writing,it is very likely to deviate from the theme,waste some useless words and stay away from writing materials.

　　Establishing a relevant structure to support your argument

　　建立起相关结构来支撑论点

　　所有的Paper都需要有明确的结构。这种结构可以是明显而强大的，也可能是很微妙，不那么引人注目的。但是，在一篇优秀的Paper中，必须有relevant structure的存在。

　　All papers need to have a clear structure.This structure can be obvious and powerful,or it can be subtle and less dramatic.However,in an excellent paper,there must be a relevant structure.

　　支撑结构基础的就是Paper将要阐述的论点argument。同样，Paper的论点既可以是明显有力，也可以是几乎隐性的，但都一定需要有论点的存在。在不同的主题领域中，不同Paper写作风格中，argument这个词都多多少少有关系。然而，即便在那种看起来很有创造性、不够科学或者过于个人化的Paper中，也都会呈现出不同类型的观点。

　　The supporting structure is based on the argument that Paper will elaborate.Similarly,Paper's arguments can be either obvious and powerful or almost implicit,but they must exist.In different subject areas and different paper writing styles,the word argument is more or less related.However,even in the paper that seems to be very creative,unscientific or too personal,there will be different types of views.

　　正是论点本身，以及你所做的决定如何去呈现和支撑论点，影响了这篇Paper写作的结构。通过创造相关结构，让呈现有效观点变得简单。下面是一些能帮你重新考虑Paper结构的指导：

　　It is the argument itself and how you decide to present and support the argument that affect the structure of this paper.Make it easy to present effective ideas by creating relevant structures.Here are some guidelines to help you reconsider the paper structure:

　　按照时间顺序——chronological;

　　按照主题——thematic;

　　按照内容——by context;

　　通过比较对比——comparative.

　　这些都是比较简单可行的小技巧，但在Paper写作中你可能也会想要应对比较复杂的结构：

　　These are simple and feasible tips,but you may also want to deal with complex structures in Paper writing:

　　总体按照时间顺序，但可以根据题目的要素，进行分解和对比。

　　Generally in chronological order,but can be broken down and compared according to the elements of the topic.

　　总体按照主体，但可以根据次级主题进行分解；

　　Generally according to the main body,but can be broken down according to sub themes;

　　总体按照对比结构，但可以根据内容进行分解；

　　In general,it follows the comparative structure,but can be broken down according to the content;

　　在这些宏观结构之后，你还可以根据某些要素创建一些微型结构，比如说：论据/政策/理论/做法/案例/实证/辩论等

　　After these macro structures,you can also create some micro structures based on certain elements,such as arguments/policies/theories/practices/cases/demonstrations/debates,etc