目录
一、Spring练习环境搭建。
(1)设置服务器启动的展示页面。
(2)创建工程步骤。
(3)applicationContext.xml配置文件。
(4)spring-mvc.xml配置文件。
(5)web.xml配置文件。
(6)jdbc.properties配置文件。
(7)log4j.properties配置文件。
二、SSM项目结构。
(1)conctroller层。
(1.1)RoleController类。
(1.2)UserController类。
(1.3)jsp文件的部分截取参考。
(2)service层。
(2.1)RoleService接口与RoleServiceImpl类。
(2.2)UserService接口与UserService类。
(3)dao层。
(3.1)RoleDao接口与RoleDaoImpl类。
(3.2)UserDao接口与UserDaoImpl类。
(4)domain:存放POJO类。
(4.1)Role类。
(4.2) User类。
(5)utils:存放工具类。
(6)interceptor:拦截器。
三、SpringMVC的视图解析器的前缀后缀添加规则:
四、业务功能实现步骤。
一、Spring练习环境搭建。
(1)设置服务器启动的展示页面。
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>主页</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/pages/main.jsp");
%>
</body>
</html>
(2)创建工程步骤。
IDEA项目右键->新建->新模块 ->选择Maven->选择骨架或不选->next->命名->把项目缺少的文件添加上去。
(3)applicationContext.xml配置文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--1、加载jdbc.properties文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!--2、配置数据源对象-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.Driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<!--3、配置JdbcTemplate对象-->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!--配置RoleService-->
<bean id="roleService" class="service.impl.RoleServiceImpl">
<property name="roleDao" ref="roleDao"/>
</bean>
<!--配置RoleDao-->
<bean id="roleDao" class="dao.impl.RoleDaoImpl">
<property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"/>
</bean>
<!--配置UserService-->
<bean id="userService" class="service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"/>
<property name="roleDao" ref="roleDao"/>
</bean>
<!--配置UserDao-->
<bean id="userDao" class="dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">
<property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"/>
</bean>
</beans>
(4)spring-mvc.xml配置文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--1、mvc的注解驱动-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--2、配置视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/pages/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--3、静态资源权限开放-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!--4、组件扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="controller"/>
<!--5、拦截器配置-->
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<!--配置对哪些资源执行操作-->
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<!--配置哪些资源排除拦截操作-->
<mvc:exclude-mapping path="/user/login"/>
<bean class="interceptor.PrivilegeInterceptor"/>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
</beans>
(5)web.xml配置文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--Spring监听器-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--Spring监听器的全局的初始化参数-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--SpringMVC的前端控制器-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup><!--表示服务器启动就创建-->
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
(6)jdbc.properties配置文件。
jdbc.Driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=root
注意:url中的 ?后面是防止乱码的方法之一。
(7)log4j.properties配置文件。
### direct log messages to stdout ###
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### direct messages to file mylog.log ###
log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.file.File=c:/mylog.log
log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###
log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout
二、SSM项目结构。
(1)conctroller层。
(1.1)RoleController类。
package controller;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/role")
public class RoleController {
@Resource(name = "roleService")
private RoleService roleService;
@RequestMapping("/list")
public ModelAndView list(){
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
List<Role> roleList = roleService.list();
//设置模型
modelAndView.addObject("roleList",roleList);
//设置视图
modelAndView.setViewName("role-list");
return modelAndView;
}
@RequestMapping("/save")
//参数是用来接收表单数据
public String save(Role role){
roleService.save(role);
return "redirect:/role/list";
}
}
(1.2)UserController类。
package controller;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Resource(name = "userService")
private UserService userService;
@Autowired
private RoleService roleService;
@RequestMapping("/list")
public ModelAndView list(){
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
List<User> userList = userService.list();
modelAndView.addObject("userList",userList);
modelAndView.setViewName("user-list");
return modelAndView;
}
@RequestMapping("/saveUI")
public ModelAndView saveUI(){
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
List<Role> roleList = roleService.list();
modelAndView.addObject("roleService",roleList);
modelAndView.setViewName("user-add");
return modelAndView;
}
@RequestMapping("/save")
public String save(User user,Long[] roleIds){
userService.save(user,roleIds);
return "redirect:/user/list";
}
@RequestMapping("/del/{userId}")
//Restful风格
public String del(@PathVariable(name = "userId") Long userId){
userService.del(userId);
return "redirect:/user/list";
}
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login(String username, String password, HttpSession session){
User user = userService.login(username,password);
if (user != null){
//登录成功,将user存储到session
session.setAttribute("user",user);
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}
return "redirect:/login.jsp";
}
}
(1.3)jsp文件的部分截取参考。
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<tbody>
<c:forEach items="${roleList}" var="role">
<tr>
<td><input name="ids" type="checkbox"></td>
<td>${role.id}</td>
<td>${role.roleName}</td>
<td>${role.roleDesc}</td>
<td class="text-center">
<a href="#" class="btn bg-olive btn-xs">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<div class="col-md-10 data">
<c:forEach items="${roleService}" var="role">
<input type="checkbox" name="roleIds" value="${role.id}">${role.roleName}
</c:forEach>
</div>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<script>
function delUser(userId) {
if (confirm("您确认要删除吗?")){
location.href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/del/"+userId;
}
}
</script>
<tbody>
<c:forEach items="${userList}" var="user">
<tr>
<td><input name="ids" type="checkbox"></td>
<td>${user.id}</td>
<td>${user.username}</td>
<td>${user.email}</td>
<td>${user.phoneNum}</td>
<td class="text-center">
<c:forEach items="${user.roles}" var="role">
${role.roleDesc}
</c:forEach>
</td>
<td class="text-center">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="delUser('${user.id}')" class="btn bg-olive btn-xs">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
(2)service层。
(2.1)RoleService接口与RoleServiceImpl类。
package service;
import domain.Role;
import java.util.List;
public interface RoleService {
public void save(Role role);
public List<Role> list();
}
package service.impl;
public class RoleServiceImpl implements RoleService {
private RoleDao roleDao;
public void setRoleDao(RoleDao roleDao) {
this.roleDao = roleDao;
}
@Override
public List<Role> list() {
List<Role> roleList = roleDao.findAll();
return roleList;
}
@Override
public void save(Role role) {
roleDao.save(role);
}
}
(2.2)UserService接口与UserService类。
package service;
public interface UserService {
public List<User> list();
void save(User user, Long[] roleIds);
void del(Long userId);
User login(String username, String password);
}
package service.impl;
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
private UserDao userDao;
public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
this.userDao = userDao;
}
private RoleDao roleDao;
public void setRoleDao(RoleDao roleDao) {
this.roleDao = roleDao;
}
@Override
public List<User> list() {
List<User> userList = userDao.findAll();
//封装userList中的每一个User的roles数据
for (User user : userList) {
//获得user的id
Long id = user.getId();
//将id作为参数,查询当前userId对应的Role集合数据
List<Role> roles = roleDao.findRoleById(id);
user.setRoles(roles);
}
return userList;
}
@Override
public void save(User user, Long[] roleIds) {
//第一步:向sys_user表中存储数据
Long userId = userDao.save(user);
//第二步:向sys_user_role关系表中存储数据
userDao.saveUserRoleRel(userId,roleIds);
}
@Override
public void del(Long userId) {
//1、删除sys_user_role关系表(userId数据)
userDao.delUserRoleRel(userId);
//2、删除sys_user表(userId数据)
userDao.del(userId);
}
@Override
public User login(String username, String password) {
try {
User user = userDao.findByUsernameAndPassword(username,password);
return user;
}catch (EmptyResultDataAccessException e){
//如果有这个异常,说明搜索后的结果为空
return null;
}
}
}
(3)dao层。
(3.1)RoleDao接口与RoleDaoImpl类。
package dao;
public interface RoleDao {
public void save(Role role);
public List<Role> findAll();
List<Role> findRoleById(Long id);
}
package dao.impl;
public class RoleDaoImpl implements RoleDao {
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
}
@Override
public List<Role> findAll() {
List<Role> roleList = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from sys_role", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Role>(Role.class));
return roleList;
}
@Override
public void save(Role role) {
jdbcTemplate.update("insert into sys_role values(?,?,?)",null,role.getRoleName(),role.getRoleDesc());
}
@Override
public List<Role> findRoleById(Long id) {
//其实就是ur表的每一个roleId把r表全部查找一遍,把ur.roleId = r.id并且ur.userId = ?的结果就是满足条件的
List<Role> roles = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from sys_user_role ur,sys_role r where ur.roleId = r.id and ur.userId = ?", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Role.class), id);
return roles;
}
}
(3.2)UserDao接口与UserDaoImpl类。
package dao;
public interface UserDao {
List<User> findAll();
Long save(User user);
void saveUserRoleRel(Long id, Long[] roleIds);
void delUserRoleRel(Long userId);
void del(Long userId);
User findByUsernameAndPassword(String username, String password);
}
package dao.impl;
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
}
@Override
public List<User> findAll() {
List<User> userList = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from sys_user",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(User.class));
return userList;
}
@Override
//里面有,获取数据表的主键id的方式
public Long save(User user) {
//创建PreparedStatementCreator
PreparedStatementCreator creator = new PreparedStatementCreator() {
@Override
public PreparedStatement createPreparedStatement(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
//使用原始jdbc完成有个PreparedStatement的组件
PreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement("insert into sys_user values(?,?,?,?,?)", PreparedStatement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS);//PreparedStatement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS,就是1的意思,也可以写1
preparedStatement.setObject(1,null);
preparedStatement.setString(2,user.getUsername());
preparedStatement.setString(3,user.getEmail());
preparedStatement.setString(4,user.getPassword());
preparedStatement.setString(5,user.getPhoneNum());
return preparedStatement;
}
};
//创建keyHolder,获取自增主键id
GeneratedKeyHolder keyHolder = new GeneratedKeyHolder();
jdbcTemplate.update(creator, keyHolder);
//获取生成的主键
long userId = keyHolder.getKey().longValue();
//不能获取主键的方式
//jdbcTemplate.update("insert into sys_user values(?,?,?,?,?)",null,user.getUsername(),user.getEmail(),user.getPassword(),user.getPhoneNum());
return userId; //返回当前保存用户的id,该id是数据库自动生成的
}
@Override
public void saveUserRoleRel(Long userId, Long[] roleIds) {
for (Long roleId : roleIds) {
jdbcTemplate.update("insert into sys_user_role values(?,?)",userId,roleId);
}
}
@Override
public void delUserRoleRel(Long userId) {
jdbcTemplate.update("delete from sys_user_role where userId = ?",userId);
}
@Override
public void del(Long userId) {
jdbcTemplate.update("delete from sys_user where id = ?",userId);
}
@Override
public User findByUsernameAndPassword(String username, String password) throws EmptyResultDataAccessException {
User user = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select * from sys_user where username = ? and password = ?", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(User.class), username, password);
return user;
}
}
(4)domain:存放POJO类。
(4.1)Role类。
package domain;
public class Role {
private Long id;
private String roleName;
private String roleDesc;
public Long getId() {return id; }
public void setId(Long id) {this.id = id; }
public String getRoleName() { return roleName;}
public void setRoleName(String roleName) { this.roleName = roleName;}
public String getRoleDesc() { return roleDesc;}
public void setRoleDesc(String roleDesc) { this.roleDesc = roleDesc;}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Role{" +
"id=" + id +
", roleName='" + roleName + '\'' +
", roleDesc='" + roleDesc + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
(4.2) User类。
package domain;
import java.util.List;
public class User {
private Long id;
private String username;
private String email;
private String password;
private String phoneNum;
//当前用户具备哪些角色
private List<Role> roles;
public List<Role> getRoles() { return roles; }
public void setRoles(List<Role> roles) {this.roles = roles; }
public Long getId() { return id; }
public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; }
public String getUsername() { return username; }
public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; }
public String getEmail() { return email; }
public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; }
public String getPassword() { return password; }
public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; }
public String getPhoneNum() { return phoneNum; }
public void setPhoneNum(String phoneNum) { this.phoneNum = phoneNum; }
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", email='" + email + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
", phoneNum='" + phoneNum + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
(5)utils:存放工具类。
(6)interceptor:拦截器。
package interceptor;
public class PrivilegeInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
//这里不需要重写三个,因为只需要用到一个,不用到(不写操作的方法)的就不重写
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
//逻辑:判断用户是否登录,本质:判断session中有没有user
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
User user = (User) session.getAttribute("user");
if (user == null){
//没有登录,重定向和转发都可以
//request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request,response);//可以返回true
response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/login.jsp");//重定向后不能返回true
return false;
}
return true;//放行,访问目标资源
}
}
三、SpringMVC的视图解析器的前缀后缀添加规则:
@RequestMapping("/quick")
public String quick(){
* 总结:forward: 或 redirect:
* 如果加了上面中的一个,那么视图解析器配置的 前缀后缀将不在添加
//1. 文.件[/pages/quick.html.jsp] 未找到
return "quick.html";
//2. 文.件[/pages/quick.html.jsp] 未找到
return "/quick.html";
//3.文.件[/pages/aside.jsp.jsp] 未找到
return "aside.jsp";
//4.访问失败,服务器崩溃!!!,因为少加了“/"
return "forward:quick.html";
//5.成功访问/quick.html,不会添加前缀与后缀
return "forward:/quick.html";
//6.访问失败,缺少“/”,服务器收不到请求(估计定向到其他地方了(不存在的路径))
return "redirect:quick.html";
//7.成功访问,/quick.html,不会添加前缀与后缀
return "redirect:/quick.html";
//8./quick.html,
return "redirect:/quick.jsp";
//9.成功访问https://www.baidu.com,不会添加前缀与后缀
return "redirect:https://www.baidu.com";
}
总结:字符串的最前面有forward: 或 redirect:,那么就不会添加前缀和后缀。