打开SQL SERVER 2014找到你所需要建立数据字典的数据库

  右键→点击 新建查询

在代码区输入如下SQL语句

SELECT
        (case when a.colorder=1 then d.name else '' end)表名,
        a.colorder 字段序号,
        a.name 字段名,
        (case when COLUMNPROPERTY( a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity')=1 then '√'else '' end) 标识,
       (case when (SELECT count(*)
        FROM sysobjects
        WHERE (name in
                (SELECT name
                FROM sysindexes
                WHERE (id = a.id) AND (indid in
                         (SELECT indid
                        FROM sysindexkeys
                        WHERE (id = a.id) AND (colid in
                                  (SELECT colid
                                 FROM syscolumns
                                 WHERE (id = a.id) AND (name = a.name))))))) AND
            (xtype = 'PK'))>0 then '√' else '' end) 主键,
       b.name 类型,
       a.length 占用字节数,
      COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'PRECISION') as 长度,
      isnull(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'Scale'),0) as 小数位数,
      (case when a.isnullable=1 then '√'else '' end) 允许空,
      isnull(e.text,'') 默认值,
      isnull(g.[value],'') AS 字段说明
FROM  syscolumns  a left join systypes b
on  a.xtype=b.xusertype
inner join sysobjects d
on a.id=d.id  and  d.xtype='U' and  d.name<>'dtproperties'
left join syscomments e
on a.cdefault=e.id
left join sys.extended_properties g
on a.id=g.major_id AND a.colid = g.major_id
order by a.id,a.colorder,表名

点击运行，导出或者带标题复制出来