1. MacOs Dart环境安装

前置材料：需要安装dart的Mac设备, 一颗会用搜索引擎的聪明大脑

一步步讲一下homebrew的安装流程

我个人安装时遇到的情况大家做个参考如果你遇到的问题和我的不一样

可以来这里 homebrew快速安装指引可入群咨询

首先, 我其实是安装过homebrew的

网上常见的dart安装命令如下

brew tap dart-lang/dart
brew install dart

所以我一开始是直接执行

brew tap dart-lang/dart
# 不出意外的报错了😫 报错信息如下
# ==> Tapping dart-lang/dart
## Cloning into '/usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/dart-lang/homebrew-dart'...
## fatal: unable to access 'https://github.com/dart-lang/homebrew-dart/': HTTP/2 stream 1 was not closed cleanly before end of the underlying stream
## Error: Failure while executing; `git clone https://github.com/dart-lang/homebrew-dart /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/dart-lang/homebrew-dart --origin=origin --template=` exited with 128.

然后去搜解决方案

方案一

sudo chown -R $(whoami) $(brew --prefix)/*
# 执行完之后重新 brew tap dart-lang/dart
# 没有生效

方案二

cd /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/
cd homebrew
brew update
# brew 更新成功了😄 日志如下
## Updated 2 taps (homebrew/core and homebrew/cask).
## ==> New Formulae
## aarch64-elf-binutils                     livekit-cli
## aarch64-elf-gcc                          llama
## abi-compliance-checker                   llvm@12
## abi-dumper                               llvm@13
## abricate                                 llvm@14
## acl                                      lmfit
## ...                                      ...
## ...                                      ...
## ==> Outdated Formulae
## gettext   git       icu4c     node      nvm       p7zip     pcre2     yarn
## 
## You have 8 outdated formulae installed.
## You can upgrade them with brew upgrade
## or list them with brew outdated.

我很开心的以为这就OK了, 然后继续执行

brew tap dart-lang/dart
# 居然又报错了😫 这次是不一样的报错信息
## Error: Cannot install in Homebrew on ARM processor in Intel default prefix (/usr/local)!
## Please create a new installation in /opt/homebrew using one of the
## "Alternative Installs" from:
##   https://docs.brew.sh/Installation
## You can migrate your previously installed formula list with:
##   brew bundle dump

我tm

原来是因为

我原来的设备是intel内核的Mac，换到这台M1的时候直接用了数据迁移

而M1的homebrew和intel的homebrew是不太一样的

原来的homebrew能用，但是不完全能用。

好吧好吧

然后我又开始解决这个问题

方案一

来自stackoverflow的大神方案

原文链接

/usr/sbin/softwareupdate --install-rosetta --agree-to-license
# 这一步蛮顺利的 直接就装完了
arch -x86_64 /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"
# 在国内的话 这一步建议挂个梯子, 境外的源毕竟很容易断掉
# 第一次超时了
## curl: (56) LibreSSL SSL_read: error:02FFF03C:system library:func(4095):Operation timed out, errno 60
# 第二次正常执行 日志如下
## ==> Checking for `sudo` access (which may request your password)...
## Password:
## ==> This script will install:
## /usr/local/bin/brew
## /usr/local/share/doc/homebrew
## /usr/local/share/man/man1/brew.1
## /usr/local/share/zsh/site-functions/_brew
## /usr/local/etc/bash_completion.d/brew
## /usr/local/Homebrew
## ==> The following existing directories will be made writable by user only:
## /usr/local/share/zsh
## /usr/local/share/zsh/site-functions
## ==> The Xcode Command Line Tools will be installed.
## 
## Press RETURN/ENTER to continue or any other key to abort:
## ==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/chmod u+rwx /usr/local/share/zsh /usr/local/share/zsh/site-functions
## ==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/chmod go-w /usr/local/share/zsh /usr/local/share/zsh/site-functions
## ==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/chown -R admin:admin /usr/local/Homebrew
## ==> Searching online for the Command Line Tools
## ==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/bin/touch /tmp/.com.apple.dt.CommandLineTools.installondemand.in-progress
## 
## ==> Installing Command Line Tools for Xcode-14.2
## ==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/softwareupdate -i Command\ Line\ Tools\ for\ Xcode-14.2
## Software Update Tool
## 
## Finding available software
## 
## Downloading Command Line Tools for Xcode
## 
## Downloaded Command Line Tools for Xcode
## Installing Command Line Tools for Xcode
## Done with Command Line Tools for Xcode
## Done.
## ==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/bin/xcode-select --switch /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools
## ==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/rm -f /tmp/.com.apple.dt.CommandLineTools.installondemand.in-progre s
## ==> Downloading and installing Homebrew...

当我看到 Downloading and installing Homebrew...

我以为终于OK了

然而现实又给了我沉重的一击

fatal: 无法访问 'https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/'：HTTP/2 stream 1 was not closed cleanly before end of the underlying stream

官方的镜像死活连不上

继续找

方案二

把镜像源改到中科大

传送门

执行以下命令

git -C "$(brew --repo)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git
git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/core)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git
git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/cask)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-cask.git
echo 'export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles/bottles' >> ~/.zprofile
source ~/.zprofile
# 以上命令执行完后均不会有任何提示

执行完后再次安装brew

arch -x86_64 /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gitee.com/ineo6/homebrew-install/raw/master/install.sh)"
# 终于搞定了😭 日志如下
## ==> Checking for `sudo` access (which may request your password)...
## Password:
## ==> This script will install:
## /usr/local/bin/brew
## /usr/local/share/doc/homebrew
## /usr/local/share/man/man1/brew.1
## /usr/local/share/zsh/site-functions/_brew
## /usr/local/etc/bash_completion.d/brew
## /usr/local/Homebrew
## ==> 安装提示
## 中文安装教程（建议收藏）：https://brew.idayer.com/
## 也可以查阅，Mac下镜像飞速安装Homebrew教程 ：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/90508170
## 如果你想换源，可以使用镜像助手：https://brew.idayer.com/guide/change-source/
## 安装遇到问题，可以通过讨论群寻求帮助。
## 请按回车键（RETURN）继续安装，按其他任意按键取消安装
## ==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/chown -R admin:admin /usr/local/Homebrew
## ==> Downloading and installing Homebrew...
## HEAD 现在位于 336c2c792 Merge pull request #14733 from Bo98/api-security
## HOMEBREW_BREW_GIT_REMOTE set: using https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git as the Homebrew/brew Git remote.
## HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE set: using https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git as the Homebrew/homebrew-core Git remote.
## ==> Downloading https://formulae.brew.sh/api/formula.json
######################################################################## 100.0%
## ==> Downloading https://formulae.brew.sh/api/cask.json
######################################################################## 100.0%
## ==> Installation successful!

## ==> Homebrew has enabled anonymous aggregate formulae and cask analytics.
## Read the analytics documentation (and how to opt-out) here:
##   https://docs.brew.sh/Analytics
## No analytics data has been sent yet (nor will any be during this install run).

## ==> Homebrew is run entirely by unpaid volunteers. Please consider donating:
##   https://github.com/Homebrew/brew#donations

## ==> Next steps:
## - 🎉 恭喜，安装成功！运行  brew help 开始体验吧

终于可以安装dart了😄

arch -x86_64 brew install dart
# 日志如下
## ==> Downloading https://formulae.brew.sh/api/formula.json
######################################################################## 100.0%
## ==> Downloading https://formulae.brew.sh/api/cask.json
######################################################################## 100.0%
## ==> Fetching dart-lang/dart/dart
## ==> Downloading https://storage.googleapis.com/dart-archive/channels/stable/release/2.19.2/sdk/dartsdk-macos-x64-release.zip
######################################################################## 100.0%
## ==> Installing dart from dart-lang/dart
## ==> Caveats
## Please note the path to the Dart SDK:
##  /usr/local/opt/dart/libexec
## ==> Summary
## 🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/dart/2.19.2: 1,040 files, 639.9MB, built in 8 seconds
## ==> Running `brew cleanup dart`...
## Disable this behaviour by setting HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP.
## Hide these hints with HOMEBREW_NO_ENV_HINTS (see `man brew`).

很棒

# 然后浅敲一个dart
dart
##  ╔════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
##  ║ The Dart tool uses Google Analytics to report feature usage statistics     ║
##  ║ and to send basic crash reports. This data is used to help improve the     ║
##  ║ Dart platform and tools over time.                                         ║
##  ║                                                                            ║
##  ║ To disable reporting of analytics, run:                                    ║
##  ║                                                                            ║
##  ║   dart --disable-analytics                                                 ║
##  ║                                                                            ║
##  ╚════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝

## A command-line utility for Dart development.

## Usage: dart <command|dart-file> [arguments]

## Global options:
## -h, --help                 Print this usage information.
## -v, --verbose              Show additional command output.
##     --version              Print the Dart SDK version.
##     --enable-analytics     Enable analytics.
##     --disable-analytics    Disable analytics.

## Available commands:
##   analyze    Analyze Dart code in a directory.
##   compile    Compile Dart to various formats.
##   create     Create a new Dart project.
##   devtools   Open DevTools (optionally connecting to an existing application).
##   doc        Generate API documentation for Dart projects.
##   fix        Apply automated fixes to Dart source code.
##   format     Idiomatically format Dart source code.
##   info       Show diagnostic information about the installed tooling.
##   migrate    Perform null safety migration on a project.
##   pub        Work with packages.
##   run        Run a Dart program.
##   test       Run tests for a project.

## Run "dart help <command>" for more information about a command.
## See https://dart.dev/tools/dart-tool for detailed documentation.

就很nice

dart的安装及我遇到的问题与解决方案就这些，对你有参考的的话希望可以点个赞或者留个收藏！

能粉一下就更好了