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Linux+Qt综合项目案例:华清远见stm32mp157开发板优势特色部分,包括音乐播放器、智慧家庭、智能工业电表、智能出行助手、智能猫眼、环境监测、智能安防、智能语音识别等10余个项目案例,涉及家居、医疗、农业多种应用方向,在案例中使用了多种物联网和嵌入式技术,包括OT开发、linux应用开发、linux驱动开发、物联网云端接入、MQTT协议、json字符串等知识点。
基于Linux+Qt的智慧医疗项目
项目简介:
使用心率/脉搏传感器采集数据,通过算法计算得到心率和血氧。心率并不像环境光及接近传感器那样数据比较简单,并不能通过读取一个文件获得当前的心率或血氧,而是通过一系列的数据计算出来的,这样 sys 文件系统的接口就不能完全适用了,所以需要结合系统调用以字符设备的方式获取对应数据,计算出心率和血氧。
关键文件说明:
/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device2/scan_elements/(in_intensity_ir_en/in_intensity_red_en): 通道使能,通过写 1 或 0 使能或关闭通道。
/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device2/scan_elements/(in_intensity_ir_type/in_intensity_red_type): 通道数据类型。读取格式为:be:u18/32>>8,be 表示数据为大端存储(bigendian)、u 表示 数据为无符号数,18/32>>8 表示 32 位数据左移 8 位后有效数据为 18 位。
/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device2/scan_elements/(in_intensity_ir_index/in_intensity_red_index): 读取数据为当前通道的序号,red 为 0 通道,ir 为 1 通道
/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device2/buffer/length: 写入数据用来设置缓存区样本数量。
/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device2/buffer/enable: 写入 1 或 0 用来使能设备采样或停止设备采样。
开发平台:
华清远见stm32mp157开发板豪华套餐(开发板+仿真器+五寸屏+摄像头+资源扩展板+tf卡+读卡器)
源码分析
数据采集线程
threadgetheart.h
该文件主要对数据采集用到的函数进行声明。
#ifndef THREADGETHEART_H
#define THREADGETHEART_H
#include <QThread>
#define true1
#define false0
#define FS100
#define BUFFER_SIZE(FS*5)//#define BUFFER_SIZE (FS* 2)
#define HR_FIFO_SIZE7
#define MA4_SIZE4// DO NOT CHANGE
#define HAMMING_SIZE5// DO NOT CHANGE
#define min(x,y)((x)<(y)?(x):(y))QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACEconst unsigned short auw_hamm[31]={41,276,512,276,41};const unsigned char uch_spo2_table[184]={95,95,95,96,96,96,97,97,97,97,97,98,98,98,98,98,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,98,98,98,98,98,98,97,97,97,97,96,96,96,96,95,95,95,94,94,94,93,93,93,92,92,92,91,91,90,90,89,89,89,88,88,87,87,86,86,85,85,84,84,83,82,82,81,81,80,80,79,78,78,77,76,76,75,74,74,73,72,72,71,70,69,69,68,67,66,66,65,64,63,62,62,61,60,59,58,57,56,56,55,54,53,52,51,50,49,48,47,46,45,44,43,42,41,40,39,38,37,36,35,34,33,31,30,29,28,27,26,25,23,22,21,20,19,17,16,15,14,12,11,10,9,7,6,5,3,2,1};static int an_dx[BUFFER_SIZE-MA4_SIZE];static int an_x[BUFFER_SIZE];//irstatic int an_y[BUFFER_SIZE];//redclassThreadgetheart:public QThread
{Q_OBJECTpublic:Threadgetheart();
virtual voidrun();private:
int write_sys_int(char *filename, int data);
int enable_disable_all_channels(int enable);
int enable_disable_buffer(int enable);
int set_buffer_len(int len);voidmaxim_heart_rate_and_oxygen_saturation(unsigned int *pun_ir_buffer,
int n_ir_buffer_length, unsigned int *pun_red_buffer, int *pn_spo2, int
*pch_spo2_valid,
int *pn_heart_rate, int *pch_hr_valid);voidmaxim_find_peaks( int *pn_locs, int *pn_npks, int *pn_x, int n_size, int
n_min_height, int n_min_distance, int n_max_num );voidmaxim_peaks_above_min_height( int *pn_locs, int *pn_npks, int *pn_x,
int n_size, int n_min_height );voidmaxim_remove_close_peaks( int *pn_locs, int *pn_npks, int *pn_x, int
n_min_distance );voidmaxim_sort_ascend( int *pn_x, int n_size );voidmaxim_sort_indices_descend( int *pn_x, int *pn_indx, int n_size);voidget_heart_rate();
signals:voidinforsignal(int SpO2,int heart_rate);};
#endif // THREADGETHEART_H
threadgethreat.cpp
这里只把线程的 run 函数展示出来,run 函数里调用的一些其他成员函数因为代码量太大就不展示了,可以参考源码。这些成员函数都是对采集的数据进行处理,转换成心率和血氧
void Threadgetheart::run(){get_heart_rate();}void Threadgetheart::get_heart_rate(){
int ret =0;
int data[2];
char device_path[128]={0};
int fd =0;
int i, j;
int read_size;
int SpO2;
int heart_rate;
int hr_valid;
int spo2_valid;
int tmp_val =0;sprintf(device_name,"%s","iio:device2");enable_disable_all_channels(1);set_buffer_len(4);enable_disable_buffer(1);sprintf(device_path,"/dev/%s", device_name);
fd =open(device_path,O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK);if(fd <0){/* TODO: If it isn't there make the node */
goto error;}for(j =0; j <DATA_BUF_SIZE; j++){
struct pollfd pfd ={.fd = fd,.events =POLLIN,};
ret =poll(&pfd,1,-1);if(ret <0){
ret =-errno;
goto error;}elseif(ret ==0){printf("continue\n");continue;}
read_size =read(fd, data,8);if(read_size <0){if(errno ==EAGAIN){qDebug()<<"nothing available\n";continue;}else{break;}}
tmp_val =be32toh(data[0]);
aun_red_buf[j]=(tmp_val >>DATA_SHIFT)&DATA_MASK;
tmp_val =be32toh(data[1]);
aun_ir_buf[j]=(tmp_val >>DATA_SHIFT)&DATA_MASK;}maxim_heart_rate_and_oxygen_saturation(aun_ir_buf,DATA_BUF_SIZE,
aun_red_buf,&SpO2,&spo2_valid,&heart_rate,&hr_valid);while(1){for(i =100; i <DATA_BUF_SIZE; i++){
aun_red_buf[i -100]= aun_red_buf[i];
aun_ir_buf[i -100]= aun_ir_buf[i];}
int count =0;for(j =DATA_BUF_SIZE-100; j <DATA_BUF_SIZE; j++){
struct pollfd pfd ={.fd = fd,.events =POLLIN,};
ret =poll(&pfd,1,-1);if(ret <0){
ret =-errno;
goto error;}elseif(ret ==0){qDebug("continue\n");continue;}
read_size =read(fd, data,8);if(read_size <0){if(errno ==EAGAIN){qDebug("nothing available\n");continue;}else{break;}}
tmp_val =be32toh(data[0]);
aun_red_buf[j]=(tmp_val >>DATA_SHIFT)&DATA_MASK;
tmp_val =be32toh(data[1]);
aun_ir_buf[j]=(tmp_val >>DATA_SHIFT)&DATA_MASK;
count++;}maxim_heart_rate_and_oxygen_saturation(aun_ir_buf,DATA_BUF_SIZE,
aun_red_buf,&SpO2,&spo2_valid,&heart_rate,&hr_valid);if(spo2_valid&&hr_valid){qDebug("SpO2: %d\t", SpO2);qDebug("heart rate: %d\n", heart_rate);
emit inforsignal(SpO2,heart_rate);}}
error:qDebug()<<"error";}
主线程
mainwindow.ui
这是 ui 界面的设计,可以自行改动,用到的图片资源可以参考源码
mainwindow.h
#include <QMainWindow>
#include "threadgetheart.h"
namespace Ui {classMainWindow;}QT_END_NAMESPACEclassMainWindow:public QMainWindow
{Q_OBJECTpublic:MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);~MainWindow();private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
Threadgetheart *thread1;voidbeepring();voidbeepunring();private slots:voidpushbuttonSlot();voidsetLable(int SpO2,int heart_rate);voidpushbutton_stopSlot();voidpushbutton_restartSlot();voidringSlot();
signals:voidring();};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
mainwindow.cpp
子线程实时并计算心率和血氧,通过信号发送给主线程,主线程将心率和血氧显示到 UI 界面上,并设置超过指定心率蜂鸣器报警。
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <linux/input.h>
#include <unistd.h>
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent):QMainWindow(parent),ui(newUi::MainWindow){
ui->setupUi(this);
thread1 =newThreadgetheart;connect(ui->pushButton,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(pushbuttonSlot()));connect(ui->pushButton_stop,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(pushbutton_stopSlot()));connect(thread1,SIGNAL(inforsignal(int,int)),this,SLOT(setLable(int,int)));connect(ui->pushButton_restart,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(pushbutton_restartSlo
t()));connect(this,SIGNAL(ring()),this,SLOT(ringSlot()));}
MainWindow::~MainWindow(){delete ui;}void MainWindow::pushbuttonSlot(){
thread1->start();
ui->pushButton->setEnabled(false);}void MainWindow::pushbutton_restartSlot(){system("echo 1 > /sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device2/buffer/enable");}void MainWindow::pushbutton_stopSlot(){system("echo 0 > /sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device2/buffer/enable");
ui->label_heart->setText(QString::number(0));
ui->label_SpO2->setText(QString::number(0));}void MainWindow::setLable(int SpO2,int heart_rate){
ui->label_heart->setText(QString::number(heart_rate));
ui->label_SpO2->setText(QString::number(SpO2));if(heart_rate >100){
ui->label_heart_scope_Normal->setText("异常");// beepring();
emit ring();if(heart_rate >200)
ui->label_heart_scope_info->setText("请检查手离传感器的距离,重
新测量");}else{
ui->label_heart_scope_Normal->setText("正常");
ui->label_heart_scope_info->clear();beepunring();}}void MainWindow::beepring(){
int fd;
struct input_event event;
struct timeval time;
fd =open("/dev/input/by-path/platform-beeper-event",O_RDWR);
event.type =EV_SND;
event.code =SND_TONE;
event.value =1000;
time.tv_sec =1;
time.tv_usec =0;
event.time = time;write(fd,&event,sizeof(struct input_event));}void MainWindow::beepunring(){
int fd;
struct input_event event;
struct timeval time;
fd =open("/dev/input/by-path/platform-beeper-event",O_RDWR);
event.type =EV_SND;
event.code =SND_TONE;
event.value =0;
time.tv_sec =0;
time.tv_usec =0;
event.time = time;write(fd,&event,sizeof(struct input_event));}void MainWindow::ringSlot(){beepring();usleep(500);beepunring();}
实验源码
源码路径【5_智慧医疗\实验源码\5_znyl】
注意事项
1.在开发板运行时,需要导入中文字库,否则会因为识别不了中文。
将【5_智慧医疗\工具软件\wqy-zenhei-0.9.47-nightlybuild.tar.gz 或 wqyzenhei-0.8.38-1.tar.gz】复制到 ubuntu 下。并使用 scp 命令将文件拷贝到开发板的 usr/share/fonts 目录下,使用 tar 命令解压后即可。
linux@ubuntu:~$ scp wqy-zenhei-0.8.38-1.tar.gz
root@192.168.10.128:/usr/share/fonts/
2.如果使用 mipi 五寸屏运行此项目,需要进行屏幕旋转以适应屏幕,具体步骤如下:
在/etc/profile.d/qt-eglfs.sh 添加环境变量如下
下面变量的 event0 设备需要填实际的触摸屏设备
这里即填 event0
exportQT_QPA_EGLFS_ROTATION=90exportQT_QPA_EGLFS_NO_LIBINPUT=1exportQT_QPA_EVDEV_TOUCHSCREEN_PARAMETERS=/dev/input/event0:rotate=90