基于 PyQt5 和 OpenCV 进行图像处理操作的GUI工具初版

news2025/1/9 2:01:25

为了实现一个基于 PyQt5 和 OpenCV 的图形用户界面（GUI），要求如下：

左边显示加载的图片。
中间提供各种对图片进行处理的操作方法（如灰度化、模糊处理等）。
右边显示处理后的效果图。
接下来我将详细讲解如何实现这个界面。

1. 环境配置

确保你已经安装了 PyQt5 和 OpenCV：

pip install PyQt5
pip install opencv-python

2. 实现代码

以下是完整的代码实现，基于 PyQt5 创建 GUI，使用 OpenCV 进行图像处理操作：

import sys
import cv2
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QLabel, QPushButton, QVBoxLayout, QHBoxLayout, QWidget, QFileDialog
from PyQt5.QtGui import QImage, QPixmap
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt


class ImageProcessorApp(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        # 初始化UI
        self.setWindowTitle("OpenCV Image Processing Tool")
        self.setGeometry(100, 100, 1200, 600)

        # 布局
        self.layout = QHBoxLayout()

        # 左侧：原始图片显示
        self.original_label = QLabel("Original Image")
        self.original_label.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.layout.addWidget(self.original_label)

        # 中间：按钮操作
        self.button_layout = QVBoxLayout()
        self.open_button = QPushButton("Open Image")
        self.open_button.clicked.connect(self.open_image)
        self.button_layout.addWidget(self.open_button)

        self.gray_button = QPushButton("Grayscale")
        self.gray_button.clicked.connect(self.apply_grayscale)
        self.button_layout.addWidget(self.gray_button)

        self.blur_button = QPushButton("Blur Image")
        self.blur_button.clicked.connect(self.apply_blur)
        self.button_layout.addWidget(self.blur_button)

        self.reset_button = QPushButton("Reset Image")
        self.reset_button.clicked.connect(self.reset_image)
        self.button_layout.addWidget(self.reset_button)

        self.button_layout.addStretch()  # 中间空白拉伸
        self.layout.addLayout(self.button_layout)

        # 右侧：处理后的图像显示
        self.processed_label = QLabel("Processed Image")
        self.processed_label.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.layout.addWidget(self.processed_label)

        # 设置主窗口布局
        self.setLayout(self.layout)

        # 变量用于存储加载和处理的图像
        self.original_image = None
        self.processed_image = None

    def open_image(self):
        # 打开文件对话框选择图片
        image_path = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self, "Open Image", "", "Image Files (*.png *.jpg *.jpeg *.bmp)")[0]
        if image_path:
            self.original_image = cv2.imread(image_path)
            self.processed_image = self.original_image.copy()
            self.display_image(self.original_image, self.original_label)

    def display_image(self, img, label):
        # 将 OpenCV BGR 图像转换为 RGB 图像
        rgb_image = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
        # 获取图像的尺寸
        h, w, ch = rgb_image.shape
        bytes_per_line = ch * w
        # 将 OpenCV 图像转换为 QImage
        qimg = QImage(rgb_image.data, w, h, bytes_per_line, QImage.Format_RGB888)
        # 将 QImage 转换为 QPixmap
        pixmap = QPixmap.fromImage(qimg)
        # 将图像设置为 QLabel
        label.setPixmap(pixmap.scaled(label.size(), Qt.KeepAspectRatio))

    def apply_grayscale(self):
        # 对图像应用灰度化处理
        if self.processed_image is not None:
            gray_image = cv2.cvtColor(self.processed_image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
            # 将单通道图像转回三通道以显示
            gray_3channel = cv2.cvtColor(gray_image, cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR)
            self.display_image(gray_3channel, self.processed_label)

    def apply_blur(self):
        # 对图像应用模糊处理
        if self.processed_image is not None:
            blurred_image = cv2.GaussianBlur(self.processed_image, (15, 15), 0)
            self.display_image(blurred_image, self.processed_label)

    def reset_image(self):
        # 恢复原始图像
        if self.original_image is not None:
            self.processed_image = self.original_image.copy()
            self.display_image(self.processed_image, self.processed_label)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = ImageProcessorApp()
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())