目录
一、源码编译mysql
二、mysql的主从复制
2.1、主从复制
2.2、延迟复制
2.3、慢查询日志
2.4、MySQL的并行复制
三、MySQL半同步模式
四、mysql高可用组复制
五、mysql-router
六、mysql高可用MHA
七、为MHA添加VIP功能
一、源码编译mysql
1、安装依赖
[root@mysql1 ~]# yum install cmake gcc-c++ openssl-devel ncurses-devel.x86_64 libtirpc-devel-1.3.3-8.el9_4.x86_64.rpm rpcgen.x86_64
2、解压源码包
[root@mysql1 ~]# tar zxf mysql-boost-5.7.44.tar.gz
[root@mysql1 ~]# cd mysql-5.7.44/
3、源码编译安装MySQL
[root@mysql1 mysql-5.7.44]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql/mysql.sock -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_unicode_ci -DWITH_BOOST=/root/mysql-5.7.44/boost/boost_1_59_0/
[root@mysql1 mysql-5.7.44]# make -j2
[root@mysql1 mysql-5.7.44]# make install
生成mysql数据目录:
[root@mysql1 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@mysql1 mysql]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
[root@mysql1 mysql]# mkdir /data/mysql -p
[root@mysql1 mysql]# chown mysql.mysql -R /data/mysql
生成启动文件:
[root@mysql1 mysql]# cd support-files/
[root@mysql1 support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
编辑配置文件:
[root@mysql1 support-files]# vim /etc/my.cnf
编辑环境变量:
[root@mysql1 mysql]# vim ~/.bash_profile
[root@mysql1 mysql]# source ~/.bash_profile
初始化:
[root@mysql1 mysql]# mysqld --user mysql --initialize
2024-08-22T02:43:33.182882Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2024-08-22T02:43:33.876344Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2024-08-22T02:43:33.939173Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2024-08-22T02:43:33.996930Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 530f15cf-6030-11ef-80da-000c29f9980d.
2024-08-22T02:43:33.998428Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2024-08-22T02:43:34.355930Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2024-08-22T02:43:34.355957Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2024-08-22T02:43:34.357064Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2024-08-22T02:43:34.381234Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: CCwv;7jj9nQC
[root@mysql1 mysql]# vim passwd
[root@mysql1 mysql]# cat passwd
CCwv;7jj9nQC
启动mysql:
[root@mysql1 mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@mysql1 mysql]# mysql_secure_installation
[root@mysql1 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/mysql1.err'.
SUCCESS!
[root@mysql1 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
二、mysql的主从复制
2.1、主从复制
1、 配置master
[root@mysql1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@mysql1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
mysql> CREATE USER 'repl'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'repl';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO repl@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS
-> ;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 595 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2、配置salve1
[root@mysql2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@mysql2 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
-> MASTER_HOST='172.25.254.11',MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='repl',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',MASTER_LOG_POS=350;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
测试:
mysql> CREATE DATABASE gyj;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> CREATE TABLE gyj.userlist(
-> username varchar(20) not null,
-> password varchar(50) not null);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> insert into gyj.userlist value('user1','111');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from gyj.userlist;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| user1 | 111 |
+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2.2、延迟复制
1、添加slave2
新建虚拟机,从master拷贝mysql文件给新虚拟机,作为slave2。
[root@mysql1 ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@mysql1 local]# ls
bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec mysql sbin share src
[root@mysql1 local]# rsync -al -r mysql root@172.25.254.13:/usr/local/
slave2的基础配置:
[root@mysql3 local]# cd mysql/
[root@mysql3 mysql]# ls
bin docs include lib LICENSE man mysql-test README README-test share support-files
[root@mysql3 mysql]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
[root@mysql3 mysql]# mkdir /data/mysql -p
[root@mysql3 mysql]# chown mysql.mysql -R /data/mysql
#生成启动文件
[root@mysql3 mysql]# cd support-files/
[root@mysql3 support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
编辑配置文件:
#编辑配置文件
[root@mysql3 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
编辑环境变量:
[root@mysql3 support-files]# vim ~/.bash_profile
[root@mysql3 support-files]# source ~/.bash_profile
mysql初始化并启动:
[root@mysql3 support-files]# mysqld --user mysql --initialize
[root@mysql3 support-files]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/mysql3.err'.
. SUCCESS!
#修改密码
[root@mysql3 support-files]# mysql_secure_installation
2、从master节点备份数据给slave2:
查看master的数据库表中数据:
进行拷贝:
#拷贝数据库
[root@mysql1 mysql]# mysqldump -uroot -pmysql gyj > gaoyingjie.sql
#查看拷贝的数据库
[root@mysql1 mysql]# ls
bin gaoyingjie.sql lib man README share
docs include LICENSE mysql-test README-test support-files
#将拷贝出的文件远程传输给slave2
[root@mysql1 mysql]# scp -r gaoyingjie.sql root@172.25.254.13:/usr/local/mysql
在slave2中:
#新建一个名为gyj的database
[root@mysql3 support-files]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -e "create database gyj;"
#查看可拷贝过来的文件
[root@mysql3 mysql]# ls
bin gaoyingjie.sql lib man README share
docs include LICENSE mysql-test README-test support-files
#将拷贝文件传给新建的database
[root@mysql3 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p gyj <gaoyingjie.sql
Enter password:
#查询该数据库的gyj.userlist表 ,与master的表中数据一致
[root@mysql3 mysql]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -e "select * from gyj.userlist;"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| user1 | 111 |
+----------+----------+
3、配置slave2的slave功能:
在master中查看日志pos
在slave2:
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.25.254.11', MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='repl', MASTEER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS=1238;
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;
查看是否同步数据:
#在master插入一条数据
mysql> insert into gyj.userlist values('user2','222');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)
#在slave查看是否有数据
mysql> select * from gyj.userlist;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| user1 | 111 |
| user2 | 222 |
+----------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
4、在slave2端添加延迟复制语句
mysql> STOP SLAVE SQL_THREAD;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_DELAY=60;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> START SLAVE SQL_THREAD;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;
5、测试
当master删除数据时,slave2会延迟60s再删除数据。
master:删除user2
slave2:查询到的仍然是原始数据
2.3、慢查询日志
慢查询,顾名思义,执行很慢的查询 ,当执行SQL 超过 long_query_time 参数设定的时间阈值(默认 10s )时,就被认为是慢查询,这个 SQL语句就是需要优化的;慢查询被记录在慢查询日志里 ,慢查询日志默认是不开启的 ,如果需要优化SQL语句,就可以开启这个功能,它可以让你很容易地知道哪些语句是需要优化的。#默认不开启 mysql> SHOW variables like "slow%"; +---------------------+-----------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------------+-----------------------------+ | slow_launch_time | 2 | | slow_query_log | OFF | | slow_query_log_file | /data/mysql/mysql1-slow.log | +---------------------+-----------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
1、开启慢查询日志
mysql> SET GLOBAL slow_query_log=ON;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> SET long_query_time=4;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES like "long%";
+-----------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------+----------+
| long_query_time | 4.000000 |
+-----------------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES like "slow%";
+---------------------+-----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------+-----------------------------+
| slow_launch_time | 2 |
| slow_query_log | ON |
| slow_query_log_file | /data/mysql/mysql1-slow.log |
+---------------------+-----------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2、查看慢查询日志
[root@mysql1 mysql]# cat /data/mysql/mysql1-slow.log
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld, Version: 5.7.44-log (Source distribution). started with:
Tcp port: 3306 Unix socket: /data/mysql/mysql.sock
Time Id Command Argument
3、测试慢查询
2.4、MySQL的并行复制
默认情况下 slave 中使用的是 sql 单线程回放在 master 中时多用户读写,如果使用 sql 单线程回放那么会造成组从延迟严重开启 MySQL 的多线程回放可以解决上述问题
1、在slave1编辑配置文件
[root@mysql2 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@mysql2 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL... SUCCESS!
查看slave1的线程有16个:
三、MySQL半同步模式
1、配置gtid
[root@mysql1 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@mysql1 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL............ SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
master:
slave1:
slave2:
2、停止slave
两台slave都要停:
[root@mysql2 mysql]# mysql -uroot -pmysql
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
3、开启slave的gtid
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.25.254.11', MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='repl', MASTERR_AUTO_POSITION=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.06 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;
4、启动半同步模式
(1)、master端开启半同步
安装半同步插件:
[root@mysql1 mysql]# mysql -uroot -pmysql
#安装插件
mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_master SONAME 'semisync_master.so';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
查看插件情况:
mysql> SELECT PLUGIN_NAME, PLUGIN_STATUS
-> FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PLUGINS
-> WHERE PLUGIN_NAME LIKE '%semi%';
+----------------------+---------------+
| PLUGIN_NAME | PLUGIN_STATUS |
+----------------------+---------------+
| rpl_semi_sync_master | ACTIVE |
+----------------------+---------------+
1 row in set (0.05 sec)
打开半同步功能:
mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
查看半同步状态:
编辑master配置文件
[root@mysql1 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@mysql1 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL........... SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
(2)、slave端开启半同步
#安装插件
mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_slave SONAME 'semisync_slave.so';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled =1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#重启io线程,半同步才能生效
mysql> STOP SLAVE IO_THREAD;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> START SLAVE IO_THREAD;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'rpl_semi_sync%';
+-------------------------------------------+------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-------------------------------------------+------------+
| rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled | OFF |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout | 10000 |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level | 32 |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count | 1 |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave | ON |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point | AFTER_SYNC |
| rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled | ON |
| rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level | 32 |
+-------------------------------------------+------------+
8 rows in set (0.05 sec)
mysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'Rpl_semi_sync%';
编辑配置文件:(必须在mysql加载模块后才能添加此配置)
slave1与slave2相同
[root@mysql2 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@mysql2 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
5、测试
- 在master中写入数据:
mysql> insert into gyj.userlist values('user3','333');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> select * from gyj.userlist;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| user1 | 111 |
| user2 | 222 |
| user3 | 333 |
+----------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#查看
mysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'Rpl_semi_sync%';
连接到2台slave,已同步1笔数据:
- 模拟故障:
将slave1和slave2的IO进程停掉
mysql> STOP SLAVE IO_THREAD;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
在master端插入数据,会有延迟:
自动转入异步模式OFF,并且未同步数据有2笔:
四、mysql高可用组复制
全部主机停掉mysql:
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop
全部主机删除mysql的数据目录:
rm -rf /data/mysql/*
编辑所有主机musql的配置文件:
配置全部主机的本地解析:
vim /etc/hosts
初始化mysql:
mysqld --user=mysql --initialize
启动mysql:
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
登录mysql并修改密码:
mysql -uroot -p初始化后生成的密码
alter user root@localhost identified by 'gyj';"
配置mysql
mysql> CREATE USER rpl_user@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'gyj';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO rpl_user@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SET SQL_LOG_BIN=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_USER='rpl_user', MASTER_PASSWORD='gyj' FOR CHANNEL 'group_replication_recovery';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec)
#只在第一台主机中开启,后面的主机直接执行START GROUP_REPLICATION;
mysql> SET GLOBAL group_replication_bootstrap_group=ON; #用以指定初始成员,只在第
一台主机中执行
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> START GROUP_REPLICATION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (2.19 sec)
mysql> SET GLOBAL group_replication_bootstrap_group=OFF;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#查看组成员信息
mysql> SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_group_members;
测试:
- 在任意一台主机写入数据
可以在其他主机看到该数据:
- 当其中一台主机挂掉后
查询组成员可以看出没有mysql2,因为组成员还是大于n/2,所以还是可以写入数据的:
没有挂掉的mysql3也可以看到数据:
当mysql2重启后:
在mysql1上查看组成员信息发现没有mysql2,,是因为组成员重启后不自动启动组复制:
需要对mysql2手动开启组复制:
五、mysql-router
上传并安装mysql-router
rpm -ivh mysql-router-community-8.4.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
编辑配置文件:
[root@mysql1 ~]# vim /etc/mysqlrouter/mysqlrouter.conf
[root@mysql1 ~]# systemctl start mysqlrouter.service
建立测试用户测试:
mysql> create user gyj@'%' identified by 'gyj';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (10.04 sec)
mysql> GRANT ALL ON gyj.* to gyj@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
[root@mysql-router ~]# mysql -ulee -plee -h 172.25.254.11 -P 7001
六、mysql高可用MHA
1、安装MHA所需软件
新建mha主机:mysql-mha(ip172.25.254.50)
mysql-mha主机上传并解压MHA:
[root@mysql-mha ~]# unzip MHA-7.zip
全部主机取消dns解析:
[root@mysql1 ~]# vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
[root@mysql1 ~]# systemctl restart sshd
实现四台主机的免密认证:
[root@mysql1 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
[root@mysql1 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.254.12
[root@mysql1 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.254.13
[root@mysql1 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.254.50
[root@mysql2 ~]# ssh-keygen
[root@mysql2 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.254.11
[root@mysql2 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.254.13
[root@mysql2 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.254.50
[root@mysql-mha ~]# ssh-keygen
[root@mysql-mha ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.254.11
[root@mysql-mha ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.254.12
[root@mysql-mha ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.254.13
在mysql-mha主机上下载所需要软件:
[root@mysql-mha ~]# cd MHA-7/
[root@mysql-mha MHA-7]# ls
mha4mysql-manager-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm perl-Mail-Sender-0.8.23-1.el7.noarch.rpm
mha4mysql-manager-0.58.tar.gz perl-Mail-Sendmail-0.79-21.el7.noarch.rpm
mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm perl-MIME-Lite-3.030-1.el7.noarch.rpm
perl-Config-Tiny-2.14-7.el7.noarch.rpm perl-MIME-Types-1.38-2.el7.noarch.rpm
perl-Email-Date-Format-1.002-15.el7.noarch.rpm perl-Net-Telnet-3.03-19.el7.noarch.rpm
perl-Log-Dispatch-2.41-1.el7.1.noarch.rpm perl-Parallel-ForkManager-1.18-2.el7.noarch.rpm
[root@mysql-mha MHA-7]# yum install *.rpm -y
将其中的mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm拷贝给其余三台主机:
[root@mysql-mha MHA-7]# scp mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm root@172.25.254.11:/root
[root@mysql-mha MHA-7]# scp mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm root@172.25.254.12:/root
[root@mysql-mha MHA-7]# scp mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm root@172.25.254.13:/root
在三台主机中下载安装mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm:
[root@mysql1 ~]# yum install mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm -y
2、搭建主从架构
master节点:
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop
rm -rf /data/mysql/*
vim /etc/my.cnf
初始化并登录mysql:
[root@mysql1 ~]# mysqld --user mysql --initialize
[root@mysql1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/mysql1.err'.
SUCCESS!
[root@mysql1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Vo%khweBl5jZ'
#修改密码
mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by 'mysql';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
配置mysql:
mysql> CREATE USER 'repl'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'gyj';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO repl@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_master SONAME 'semisync_master.so';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
在两台slave中:
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop
rm -rf /data/mysql/*
vim /etc/my.cnf
两台slave初始化并登录mysql:
mysqld --user mysql --initialize
mysql -uroot -p'iUP4cDQW:hT)'
mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by 'gyj';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
配置mysql并开启主从模式:
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.25.254.11', MASTER_USER='repl',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='gyj', MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_slave SONAME 'semisync_slave.so';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled =1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> STOP SLAVE IO_THREAD;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> START SLAVE IO_THREAD;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'Rpl_semi_sync%';
+----------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------------+-------+
| Rpl_semi_sync_slave_status | ON |
+----------------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
3、配置MHA的管理环境
新建配置文件目录,从模板拷贝:
[root@mysql-mha ~]# mkdir /etc/masterha
[root@mysql-mha ~]# cd MHA-7/
[root@mysql-mha MHA-7]# ls
mha4mysql-manager-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm perl-Mail-Sender-0.8.23-1.el7.noarch.rpm
mha4mysql-manager-0.58.tar.gz perl-Mail-Sendmail-0.79-21.el7.noarch.rpm
mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm perl-MIME-Lite-3.030-1.el7.noarch.rpm
perl-Config-Tiny-2.14-7.el7.noarch.rpm perl-MIME-Types-1.38-2.el7.noarch.rpm
perl-Email-Date-Format-1.002-15.el7.noarch.rpm perl-Net-Telnet-3.03-19.el7.noarch.rpm
perl-Log-Dispatch-2.41-1.el7.1.noarch.rpm perl-Parallel-ForkManager-1.18-2.el7.noarch.rpm
[root@mysql-mha MHA-7]# tar zxf mha4mysql-manager-0.58.tar.gz
[root@mysql-mha ~]# cd MHA-7/mha4mysql-manager-0.58/samples/conf/
[root@mysql-mha conf]# cat masterha_default.cnf app1.cnf > /etc/masterha/app1.cnf
编辑配置文件:
[root@mysql-mha conf]# vim /etc/masterha/app1.cnf
添加172.25.254.20作为配置文件内检测是否能连接的备用ip,当mha检查如果连接不到master172.25.254.11时,会尝试链接172.25.254.20来判断是哪一方的链接出现问题。
[root@mysql1 ~]# ip a a 172.25.254.20 dev eth0
4、检验配置
[root@mysql-mha ~]# masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf
检测数据主从复制情况 :
#在master节点
mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO root@'%' identified by 'mysql';
#在mysql-mha
[root@mysql-mha ~]# masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf
5、故障切换
确保以上检测通过后才能进行切换。
无故障手动切换:
[root@mysql-mha ~]# masterha_master_switch --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf --master_state=alive --new_master_host=172.25.254.12 --new_master_port=3306 --orig_master_is_new_slave --running_updates_limit=10000
可以看到手动切换到172.25.254.12上,变成新的master:
master故障手动切换:
[root@mysql1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL............ SUCCESS!
[root@mysql-mha ~]# masterha_master_switch --master_state=dead --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf --dead_master_host=172.25.254.11 --dead_master_port=3306 --new_master_host=172.25.254.12 --new_master_port=3306 --ignore_last_failover
在172.25.254.13中查看master已经变成172.25.254.12
当172.25.254.11恢复时:需要手动添加到组从关系内成为新的slave
[root@mysql1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@mysql1 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql
#添加到主从关系内,成为salve
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.25.254.12', MASTER_USER='repl',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='gyj', MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
master(172.25.254.12)出现故障后,自动切换:
#监测
[root@mysql-mha ~]# masterha_manager --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf
[root@mysql-mha ~]# cat /etc/masterha/manager.log
[root@mysql2 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL............ SUCCESS!
在172.25.254.13中看到master变成了172.25.254.11:
当172.25.254.12恢复时:需要手动添加到主从关系中成为新的slave
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.25.254.11', MASTER_USER='repl',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='gyj', MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.04 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;
七、为MHA添加VIP功能
清除锁文件
[root@mysql-mha ~]# rm -rf /etc/masterha/app1.failover.complete
上传vip脚本文件:
[root@mysql-mha ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg master_ip_failover master_ip_online_change MHA-7 MHA-7.zip
[root@mysql-mha ~]# cp master_ip_failover master_ip_online_change /usr/local/bin/
[root@mysql-mha ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/master_ip_*
编辑vip脚本:改为自己的vip
[root@mysql-mha ~]# vim /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover
[root@mysql-mha ~]# vim /usr/local/bin/master_ip_online_change
在master上添加vip:
启动监控:
[root@mysql-mha ~]# masterha_manager --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf
[root@mysql-mha ~]# cat /etc/masterha/manager.log
将master:172.25.254.11停掉:172.25.254.12会变成新的master,并且vip会转移到172.25.254.12