一、创建MAVEN工程
二、导入pom依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.25</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-aop -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-expression -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
<!--<scope>test</scope>-->
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver -->
<!--<dependency>-->
<!--<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>-->
<!--<artifactId>com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver</artifactId>-->
<!--<version>1.6.8.RELEASE</version>-->
<!--</dependency>-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.6.8</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis-spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/taglibs/standard -->
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp.jstl/jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-servlet-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0.78</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.1.5</version>
</dependency>
三、创建XML文件
3.1创建database.properties文件
mysqldriver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
mysqlurl=jdbc:mysql://192.168.91.130:3306/exam?allowMultiQueries=true
mysqluser=root
mysqlpwd=root
oracleDriver=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
oracleUrl=jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.91.150:1521:prod
oracleuser=scott
oraclepwd=scott
3.2创建applicationContext.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd">
<!--包的注解扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="nj.zb.kb21"></context:component-scan>
<!--数据库配置信息 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"></context:property-placeholder>
<!--加载数据源-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${mysqlurl}"/>
<property name="driverClass" value="${mysqldriver}"/>
<property name="user" value="${mysqluser}"/>
<property name="password" value="${mysqlpwd}"/>
</bean>
<!--配置SqlSessionFactory工厂对象-->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!--加载数据源-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<!--扫描实体类包pojo-->
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="nj.zb.kb21.pojo"></property>
<!--扫描SQL的配置文件(dao接口的实现xml文件)-->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mappers/ExamDao.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!--完成映射类-->
<bean id="scannerConfigurer" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sessionFactory"/>
<property name="basePackage" value="nj.zb.kb21.dao"></property>
</bean>
<!--事务管理-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"></tx:annotation-driven>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
3.3创建mappers目录,映射dao层接口 (这个步骤要放在dao层对象接口完成后)
四、创建controller,dao,pojo,service,test文件夹
五、根据需求实现代码
图:文件夹结构图
5.1、根据数据库内表的名称以及表的内容 创建pojo目录class文件
图:数据库student表
图:pojo层student 对象 (无参,有参构造,get,set方法,tostring 需要添加)
5.2、创建dao层,实现客户需要(增删改查)
5.3、service层调用dao层,实现业务逻辑
先简单来讲下Dao层,和Service层的概念:
Service是业务层,Dao是数据访问层,这样的分层是基于MVC架构来说的。
Dao层:全称为data access object,属于一种比较底层,比较基础的操作,具体到对于某个表、某个实体的增删改查
Service层:被称为服务,肯定是相比之下比较高层次的一层结构,相当于将几种操作封装起来。
具体起来,Dao的作用是封装对数据库的访问:增删改查,不涉及业务逻辑,只是达到按某个条件获得指定数据的要求;
而Service,则是专注业务逻辑,对于其中需要的数据库操作,都通过Dao去实现。简单来说就是Dao层是底层,具体到某一张表的增删查改,可以理解为有多少张表就有多少个Dao层,而Service成可以理解为是Dao层的 “上司”,通过Service层来控制Dao层。
一个Service层控制一个或者多个Dao层。
通过Service层去调用Dao层,不仅可以解耦合,而且可以增加代码的拓展性。
图:service层接口方法(来自于dao层)
图:通过new dao层接口,创建对象,来实现接管dao层
@Autowired可以标注在属性上、方法上和构造器上,来完成自动装配 它可以标注在属性上、方法上和构造器上,那有什么区别吗?简单来说因为类成员的初始化顺序不同,静态成员 ——> 变量初始化为默认值——>构造器——>为变量赋值。如果标注在属性上,则在构造器中就不能使用这个属性(对象)的属性和方法。 当标注的属性是接口时,其实注入的是这个接口的实现类, 如果这个接口有多个实现类,只使用@Autowired就会报错,因为它默认是根据类型找,然后就会找到多个实现类bean,所有就不知道要注入哪个。然后它就会根据属性名去找。所以如果有多个实现类可以配合@Qualifier(value=“类名”)来使用
5.4、controller控制层,通过new Service层接口对象,调用方法,实现web界面增删改查
RequestMapping注解有六个属性,下面我们把她分成三类进行说明。
1、 value, method;
value: 指定请求的实际地址,指定的地址可以是URI Template 模式;
method: 指定请求的method类型, GET、POST、PUT、DELETE等;
2、 consumes,produces;
consumes: 指定处理请求的提交内容类型(Content-Type),例如application/json, text/html;
produces: 指定返回的内容类型,仅当request请求头中的(Accept)类型中包含该指定类型才返回;
3、 params,headers;
params: 指定request中必须包含某些参数值是,才让该方法处理。
headers: 指定request中必须包含某些指定的header值,才能让该方法处理请求。
@ResponseBody//将方法返回的对象转换成JSON字符串
六、webapp目录web.xml添加配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
version="2.5">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index1.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
7、测试类目录,测试
代码:
@Test
public void testGetAllStudent(){
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
System.out.println(context);
ExamDao examDao = (ExamDao) context.getBean("examDao");
System.out.println(examDao);
List<Student> allStudent = examDao.getAllStudent();
for (Student st:allStudent
) {
System.out.println(st);
}
List<Classes> allClasses = examDao.getAllClasses();
for (Classes cl:allClasses
) {
System.out.println(cl);
}
}
八、使用tomcat运行
运行需要主要:
http://192.168.1.101:8080/loadstu.do http://192.168.1.101:8080/loadcla.do http://192.168.1.101:8080/savestu.doname=zhh&age=21&gender=1&telephone=12345532222&email=zhh@qq.com&classid=1