对要序列化的文件需要实现Serializable接口，这个接口是一个标签，虽然没有任何抽象方法。

常量serialVersionUID 设置为一个任意值，保证在Student类改变时，原先存在的student可读

         实现序列化和反序列化的Test类中代码

package com.oop.next.test0305;

import java.io.*;

public class Student extends Person implements Serializable {
    private Integer stuId;
    private transient String  addresss;
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1212;

    public Student( String stuName, String stuSex,Integer stuId, String addresss) {
        super(stuName, stuSex);
        this.stuId = stuId;
        this.addresss = addresss;
    }



    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "stuId=" + stuId +
                ", addresss='" + addresss + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

class Person{
    private String  stuName;
    private String stuSex;

    public Person(String stuName, String stuSex) {
        this.stuName = stuName;
        this.stuSex = stuSex;
    }

    public Person() {

    }
}


class Test{
    public static void main(String[] args)  {

    //
    Student s = new Student("rk","s",1,"adad");

    try(
        ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("e:\\dnf怀旧\\stu.db"));
    ) {
//        File fileInputStream = new File("e:\\dnf怀旧\\stu.db");
//        fileInputStream.createNewFile();
        objectOutputStream.writeObject(s);
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }


    try(
            ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("e:\\dnf怀旧\\stu.db"));
            ){
        Student read = (Student)objectInputStream.readObject();
        System.out.println(read);
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    }
}