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1. TCP服务搭建
1.1 socket
先来粗略了解下socket
套接字(socket)是一个抽象层,应用程序可以通过它发送或接收数据,可对其进行像对文件一样的打开、读写和关闭等操作。套接字允许应用程序将I/O插入到网络中,并与网络中的其他应用程序进行通信。网络套接字是IP地址与端口的组合。 (摘自百度百科)
socket用于在两个基于TCP/IP协议的应用程序之间相互通信.最早出现在UNIX系统中,是UNIX系统主要的信息传递方式.在windows系统中,socket称为winsock.
两种形式的socket:流式套接字,对应与TCP协议.
数据报套接字,对应与UDP协议.
2.创建TCP服务端
server.js(服务端)
const net = require("net");
const sever = net.createServer();
// const clients = [];
const users = [];
const types = require("./types");
sever.on("connection", clientSocket => {
console.log("有连接进来,请注意```");
// clients.push(clientSocket)
clientSocket.on("data", data => {
console.log("监听data事件,有人说:", data.toString());
data = JSON.parse(data.toString().trim());
switch (data.type) {
case types.login:
if (users.find(item => item.nickName === data.nickName)) {
return clientSocket.write(
JSON.stringify({
type: types.login,
success: false,
message: "昵称已存在"
})
);
}
clientSocket.nickName = data.nickName;
users.push(clientSocket);
clientSocket.write(
JSON.stringify({
type: types.login,
success: true,
message: "登录成功",
nickName:data.nickName,
sumUsers: users.length
})
);
users.forEach(user=>{
if(user!==clientSocket){
user.write(JSON.stringify({
type:types.log,
message:`${data,nickName} 进入聊天室,当前在线用户数${user.length}`
}))
}
})
break;
// 群聊天
case types.broadcast:
users.forEach(item => {
item.write(JSON.stringify({
type:types.broadcast,
message:data.message,
nickName:clientSocket.nickName
}))
})
break;
// 点对点
case types.p2p:
const user = users.find(item => item.nickName === data.nickName)
if(!user){
return clientSocket.write(JSON.stringify({
type:types.p2p,
success:false,
message:"该用户不存在"
}))
}
console.log('clientSocket.nickName',clientSocket.nickName)
user.write(JSON.stringify({
type:types.p2p,
message:data.message,
nickName:clientSocket.nickName,
success:true
}))
break;
default:
break;
}
});
// 离线
clientSocket.on("end",()=>{
console.log("有用户离线了~~~")
const index =users.findIndex(user => user.nickName === clientSocket.nickName)
if(index !== -1){
const offlineUser = users[inde]
users.splice(index,1)
users.forEach(user=>{
if(user!==clientSocket){
user.write(JSON.stringify({
type:types.log,
message:`${offlineUser,nickName} 离开了聊天室,当前在线用户数${user.length}`
}))
}
})
}
})
// clientSocket.write('hello,返回的是buffer,用tostring转一下哦')
});
sever.listen(2000, () => {
console.log("server running 127.0.0.1 2000");
});
3.创建客户端
client.js(客户端)
const net = require("net");
const types = require("./types");
let nickName = null;
const client = net.createConnection({
host: "127.0.0.1",
port: 2000
});
client.on("connect", () => {
console.log("连接成功了~~~");
process.stdout.write("请输入昵称:");
// 连接完毕后,可以监听终端的信息,发给服务端
process.stdin.on("data", data => {
data = data.toString().trim();
console.log("nickName", nickName);
if (!nickName) {
client.write(
JSON.stringify({
type: types.login,
nickName: data
})
);
}
const matches = /^@(\w+)\s(.+)$/.exec(data);
if (matches) {
//符合 @xxx xxx 格式
return client.write(
JSON.stringify({
type: types.p2p,
nickName: matches[1],
message: matches[2]
})
);
}
//群聊天
client.write(
JSON.stringify({
type: types.broadcast,
message: data
})
);
});
});
client.on("data", data => {
// console.log("服务端发来的data:::", data.toString());
data = JSON.parse(data.toString().trim());
switch (data.type) {
case types.login:
if (!data.success) {
console.log("登录失败", `${data.message}`);
process.stdout.write("请输入昵称");
} else {
process.stdout.write("登录成功,当前在线人数:", data.sumUsers);
nickName = data.nickName;
}
break;
case types.broadcast:
console.log(`${data.nickName}:${data.message}`);
break;
case types.p2p:
if (!data.success) {
return console.log(`发送失败:${data.message}`);
}
console.log(`${data.nickName}对你说:${data.message}`);
break;
case types.log:
console.log(`${data.message}`);
break;
default:
console.log("未知消息类型哦~");
break;
}
});
types.js
module.exports = {
login: 0,
broadcast: 1,
p2p: 2,
log: 3
};
总结
- 通过net模块建立TCP服务
- TCP必须建立连接(3次握手)后才能通信
- socket通信模型
- 和使用其他node模块(如koa)一样的思路,都是先建立服务(server),指定端口号