STM32H750自制开发板调试经验

本篇只是一个记录，没啥可看的。

STM32H750硬件相关

STM32H750可以通过USB-OTG下载程序，也可以使用SWD进行调试，所以设计板子得时候将PA13和PA12预留出来即可，后续也可以用作usb虚拟串口（CDC）功能或者模拟U盘功能，这里使用常规USB（12MHz）即可，高速USB需要外置USB控制IC，比较麻烦。

SWD接口不用多说了，直接引出来就可以了，直接使用DAP、STLink、JTAG都可以进行烧写调试。

使用USB烧写程序，需要用到STM32CubeProgrammer就可以烧写程序了，上电时按住BOOT键，就可以进入DFU模式进行烧写了。或者按住BOOT键时再按RST键也可以进入DFU模式，注意，如果程序已经将USB作为其他功能，比如模拟U盘或者虚拟串口功能，此时电脑只会显示USB拔出，但不会显示DFU的COM口，或者显示错误的设备，此时就需要将设备删除了，使用方法1即在上电时按住BOOT键就可以正常进入DFU模式进行烧写了。

这里顺便说一句CuebIDE如何使用DAP进行调试

可以参考这篇文章：

STM32CubeIDE用DAP调试的超级无敌简单方法——2022.01.07_ZZZ_XXJ的博客-CSDN博客_stm32cubeide调试

最后晒一下我设计的板子

STM32H750主频相关

这里我用的晶振是8Mhz，通过PLL倍频到400MHz，虽然官方手册上说明STM32H750支持480Mhz，但是我经过测试，主频超过400Mhz，电路就工作不正常。经过网上搜索，似乎第一批出货的STM32H750ZBT6的VCO最高输出就836Mhz,即经过二分频后也就是418Mhz,后面批次的STM32H750ZBT6才可以支持到480Mhz。

使用CubeMX配置时钟树，如果选择STM32H750ZBT6如果配置的主频超过400Mzh，MX也会提示时钟配置错误。所以这里索性统一配置为400Mhz,为了后面方便调试。

STM32H750内存相关

CubeIDE默认的ld文件是将变量加载到AXI SARM，代码在Flash中执行的，没有用到其自带Dcach和Icach，所以我们可以修改ld文件使其代码加载到Icach中执行和重要数据加载到Dcach中，这两块cache都400Mhz的，和CPU直接连接，但是只有128Kb，所以要做好规划。

以下是我编写的LD文件

/*
******************************************************************************
**
**  File        : LinkerScript.ld
**
**  Author      : STM32CubeIDE
**
**  Abstract    : Linker script for STM32H7 series
**                128Kbytes FLASH and 1056Kbytes RAM
**
**                Set heap size, stack size and stack location according
**                to application requirements.
**
**                Set memory bank area and size if external memory is used.
**
**  Target      : STMicroelectronics STM32
**
**  Distribution: The file is distributed as is, without any warranty
**                of any kind.
**
*****************************************************************************
** @attention
**
** Copyright (c) 2022 STMicroelectronics.
** All rights reserved.
**
** This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
** in the root directory of this software component.
** If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
**
****************************************************************************
*/

/* Entry Point */
ENTRY(Reset_Handler)

/* Highest address of the user mode stack */
_estack = ORIGIN(DTCMRAM) + LENGTH(DTCMRAM);    /* end of RAM */
/* Generate a link error if heap and stack don't fit into RAM */
_Min_Heap_Size = 0x1000;      /* required amount of heap  */
_Min_Stack_Size = 0x1000; /* required amount of stack */

/* Specify the memory areas */
MEMORY
{
  FLASH (rx)     : ORIGIN = 0x08000000, LENGTH = 3*128K
  DTCMRAM (xrw)  : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 128K
  RAM_D1 (xrw)   : ORIGIN = 0x24000000, LENGTH = 512K
  RAM_D2 (xrw)   : ORIGIN = 0x30000000, LENGTH = 288K
  RAM_D3 (xrw)   : ORIGIN = 0x38000000, LENGTH = 64K
  ITCMRAM (xrw)  : ORIGIN = 0x00000000, LENGTH = 64K
}

/* Define output sections */
SECTIONS
{

  /* The startup code goes first into FLASH */
  .isr_vector :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    KEEP(*(.isr_vector)) /* Startup code */
    . = ALIGN(4);
  } >FLASH


    
  /* The program code and other data goes into FLASH */
  .text :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    *(.text)           /* .text sections (code) */
    *(.text*)          /* .text* sections (code) */
    *(.glue_7)         /* glue arm to thumb code */
    *(.glue_7t)        /* glue thumb to arm code */
    *(.eh_frame)

    KEEP (*(.init))
    KEEP (*(.fini))

    . = ALIGN(4);
    _etext = .;        /* define a global symbols at end of code */
    
   
  } >FLASH

  /* Constant data goes into FLASH */
  .rodata :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    *(.rodata)         /* .rodata sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
    *(.rodata*)        /* .rodata* sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
    . = ALIGN(4);
  } >FLASH

  .ARM.extab   : { *(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*) } >FLASH
  .ARM : {
    __exidx_start = .;
    *(.ARM.exidx*)
    __exidx_end = .;
  } >FLASH

  .preinit_array     :
  {
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_start = .);
    KEEP (*(.preinit_array*))
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_end = .);
  } >FLASH

  .init_array :
  {
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_start = .);
    KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))
    KEEP (*(.init_array*))
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_end = .);
  } >FLASH

  .fini_array :
  {
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_start = .);
    KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))
    KEEP (*(.fini_array*))
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_end = .);
  } >FLASH

  /* used by the startup to initialize data */
  _sidata = LOADADDR(.data);

  /* Initialized data sections goes into RAM, load LMA copy after code */
  .data :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    _sdata = .;        /* create a global symbol at data start */
    *(.data)           /* .data sections */
    *(.data*)          /* .data* sections */
    *(.RamFunc)        /* .RamFunc sections */
    *(.RamFunc*)       /* .RamFunc* sections */

    . = ALIGN(4);
    _edata = .;        /* define a global symbol at data end */
  } >DTCMRAM AT> FLASH
  
  /* Uninitialized data section */
  . = ALIGN(4);
  .bss  :
  {
    /* This is used by the startup in order to initialize the .bss section */
    _sbss = .;         /* define a global symbol at bss start */
    __bss_start__ = _sbss;
    *(.bss)
    *(.bss*)
    *(COMMON)

    . = ALIGN(4);
    _ebss = .;         /* define a global symbol at bss end */
    __bss_end__ = _ebss;
  } >DTCMRAM

  /* User_heap_stack section, used to check that there is enough RAM left */
  ._user_heap_stack  :
  {
    . = ALIGN(8);
    PROVIDE ( end = . );
    PROVIDE ( _end = . );
    . = . + _Min_Heap_Size;
    . = . + _Min_Stack_Size;
    . = ALIGN(8);
  } >DTCMRAM


  .RAM_D1(NOLOAD) :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    *(.RAM_D1)           /* .data sections */   
    . = ALIGN(4);
  } >RAM_D1
  
    .RAM_D2(NOLOAD) :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    *(.RAM_D2)           /* .data sections */   
    . = ALIGN(4);
  } >RAM_D2
  
    .RAM_D3(NOLOAD) :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    *(.RAM_D3)           /* .data sections */   
    . = ALIGN(4);
  } >RAM_D3
  
    .ITCM :
    {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        __itcm_start = .;
        *(.ITCM)
        . = ALIGN(4);
        __itcm_end = .;
    } > ITCMRAM AT>FLASH
    __itcm_rom_start = LOADADDR(.ITCM);
    __itcm_size = SIZEOF(.ITCM);

  
  /* Remove information from the standard libraries */
  /DISCARD/ :
  {
    libc.a ( * )
    libm.a ( * )
    libgcc.a ( * )
  }

  .ARM.attributes 0 : { *(.ARM.attributes) }
}

以下是C初始化代码

void ICache_Copy(void)
{
	uint32_t* p__itcm_start= &__itcm_start;
	uint32_t* p__itcm_rom_start= &__itcm_rom_start;
	uint32_t* p__itcm_size= &__itcm_size;

	memcpy(p__itcm_start,p__itcm_rom_start,(uint32_t)p__itcm_size);
}
void MPU_Cache_Init(void)
{
	MPU_Region_InitTypeDef MPU_InitStruct;
	HAL_MPU_Disable();

	__HAL_RCC_D2SRAM1_CLK_ENABLE();
	__HAL_RCC_D2SRAM2_CLK_ENABLE();
	__HAL_RCC_D2SRAM3_CLK_ENABLE();

	/* 配置 AXI SRAM 的 MPU 属性为 Write back, Read allocate，Write allocate */
	MPU_InitStruct.Enable = MPU_REGION_ENABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.BaseAddress = 0x24000000;
	MPU_InitStruct.Size = MPU_REGION_SIZE_512KB;
	MPU_InitStruct.AccessPermission = MPU_REGION_FULL_ACCESS;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsBufferable = MPU_ACCESS_BUFFERABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsCacheable = MPU_ACCESS_CACHEABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsShareable = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_SHAREABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.Number = MPU_REGION_NUMBER0;
	MPU_InitStruct.TypeExtField = MPU_TEX_LEVEL1;
	MPU_InitStruct.SubRegionDisable = 0x00;
	MPU_InitStruct.DisableExec = MPU_INSTRUCTION_ACCESS_ENABLE;
	HAL_MPU_ConfigRegion(&MPU_InitStruct);

	/* 配置 SRAM1 的属性为 Write through, read allocate，no write allocate */
	MPU_InitStruct.Enable = MPU_REGION_ENABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.BaseAddress = 0x30000000;
	MPU_InitStruct.Size = ARM_MPU_REGION_SIZE_128KB;
	MPU_InitStruct.AccessPermission = MPU_REGION_FULL_ACCESS;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsBufferable = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_BUFFERABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsCacheable = MPU_ACCESS_CACHEABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsShareable = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_SHAREABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.Number = MPU_REGION_NUMBER2;
	MPU_InitStruct.TypeExtField = MPU_TEX_LEVEL0;
	MPU_InitStruct.SubRegionDisable = 0x00;
	MPU_InitStruct.DisableExec = MPU_INSTRUCTION_ACCESS_ENABLE;
	HAL_MPU_ConfigRegion(&MPU_InitStruct);

	/* 配置 SRAM2 的属性为 Write through, read allocate，no write allocate */
	MPU_InitStruct.Enable = MPU_REGION_ENABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.BaseAddress = 0x30020000;
	MPU_InitStruct.Size = ARM_MPU_REGION_SIZE_128KB;
	MPU_InitStruct.AccessPermission = MPU_REGION_FULL_ACCESS;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsBufferable = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_BUFFERABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsCacheable = MPU_ACCESS_CACHEABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsShareable = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_SHAREABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.Number = MPU_REGION_NUMBER3;
	MPU_InitStruct.TypeExtField = MPU_TEX_LEVEL0;
	MPU_InitStruct.SubRegionDisable = 0x00;
	MPU_InitStruct.DisableExec = MPU_INSTRUCTION_ACCESS_ENABLE;
	HAL_MPU_ConfigRegion(&MPU_InitStruct);

	/* 配置 SRAM3 的属性为 Write through, read allocate，no write allocate */
	MPU_InitStruct.Enable = MPU_REGION_ENABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.BaseAddress = 0x30040000;
	MPU_InitStruct.Size = ARM_MPU_REGION_SIZE_32KB;
	MPU_InitStruct.AccessPermission = MPU_REGION_FULL_ACCESS;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsBufferable = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_BUFFERABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsCacheable = MPU_ACCESS_CACHEABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsShareable = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_SHAREABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.Number = MPU_REGION_NUMBER4;
	MPU_InitStruct.TypeExtField = MPU_TEX_LEVEL0;
	MPU_InitStruct.SubRegionDisable = 0x00;
	MPU_InitStruct.DisableExec = MPU_INSTRUCTION_ACCESS_ENABLE;
	HAL_MPU_ConfigRegion(&MPU_InitStruct);

	/* 配置 SRAM4 的属性为 Write through, read allocate，no write allocate */
	MPU_InitStruct.Enable = MPU_REGION_ENABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.BaseAddress = 0x38000000;
	MPU_InitStruct.Size = ARM_MPU_REGION_SIZE_64KB;
	MPU_InitStruct.AccessPermission = MPU_REGION_FULL_ACCESS;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsBufferable = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_BUFFERABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsCacheable = MPU_ACCESS_CACHEABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.IsShareable = MPU_ACCESS_NOT_SHAREABLE;
	MPU_InitStruct.Number = MPU_REGION_NUMBER5;
	MPU_InitStruct.TypeExtField = MPU_TEX_LEVEL0;
	MPU_InitStruct.SubRegionDisable = 0x00;
	MPU_InitStruct.DisableExec = MPU_INSTRUCTION_ACCESS_ENABLE;
	HAL_MPU_ConfigRegion(&MPU_InitStruct);
	/*使能 MPU */
	HAL_MPU_Enable(MPU_PRIVILEGED_DEFAULT);

	/* 使能 I-Cache */
	SCB_EnableICache();
	/* 使能 D-Cache */
	SCB_EnableDCache();

}

需要相关变量保存到特定内存，可以这样写

__attribute__((section (".RAM_D1"))) uint64_t AppMallocAXISRAM[256*1024/8];

需要相关代码保存到Icache中，可以这样写

__attribute__((section (".ITCM"))) void MPU_Cache_TestProgess(void)
{
	uint32_t *AXISRAM_Addres0;

	mem_head_t *AXISRAMUsed;

	osRtxMemoryInit(AppMallocAXISRAM, sizeof(AppMallocAXISRAM));
	AXISRAM_Addres0 = osRtxMemoryAlloc(AppMallocAXISRAM, 5000, 0);
	AXISRAMUsed = MemHeadPtr(AppMallocAXISRAM);
	usb_printf("AXI SRAM Total Size = %d Byte,apply for size is 5000 Byte,Now Used Byte = %d Byte\r\n",
			AXISRAMUsed->size, AXISRAMUsed->used);
	osRtxMemoryFree(AppMallocAXISRAM, AXISRAM_Addres0);
	AXISRAMUsed = MemHeadPtr(AppMallocAXISRAM);
	usb_printf("Free AXI SRAM apply 5000 Byte,Now Used Byte = %d Byte\r\n", AXISRAMUsed->used);
}

STM32H750板子自测

USB-CDC