1. 引言

Horn为2层BLS签名聚合协议，使得在以太坊共识层，为每个slot，聚合来自整个validator set的所有签名，即使这个validator set成员多达100万个。相比于现有的只能聚合1/32的validator set来说，有了大幅改进。

现有的聚合签名方案为：【假设validator set size为100万，或$2^{20}$，$1/32$ 对应$2^{15}=32768$。】

Horn协议方案为：

对verifying 512 collections with bitfields of size $2^{15}$-bits，在https://github.com/mratsim/constantine/pull/207中对着2个方案的性能对比为：【Perf 1M points in 180ms on my i9-11980HK (top laptop CPU from 2021)】

• 2.8 seconds on ai9-11980HK (top laptop CPU from 2021)
• 6.1 seconds on a i7-8550U (five years old CPU)
• 36 seconds on a Raspberry Pi
  
  

参考资料

[1] Asn twitter
[2] Horn: Collecting signatures for faster finality
[3] Paths toward single-slot finality
[4] View-merge to replace proposer boost