鸿蒙应用开发初尝试《创建项目》，之前那篇hello world作废

news2024/12/28 8:54:40

经过几年的迅速发展，鸿蒙抛弃了JAVA写应用的方式，几年前了解的鸿蒙显然就gg了。

这几年鸿蒙发布了方舟（ArkUI Arkts），将TypeScript作为了推荐开发语言，你依然可以用FA+JS,但华为推荐用Stage+ArkTs!!!那么你还是用Stage+ArkTs开发吧！！

采用Mac

第一步下载IDEA

HUAWEI DevEco Studio和SDK下载和升级 | HarmonyOS开发者

安装配置

省略安装后启动.....

当你要创建第一个项目的时候会弹出下面这个，我这里已经把node ohpm全部安装好了就全是√。

如果没安装画红框的地方会出现蓝色字，点击安装或选择安装位置就可以

创建项目

点击Finish项目就创建成功了！！

项目目录展示说明

按照Ohos来说，华为把项目化分了包。实际位置可能不在同级目录。

ets/entryability项目目录是华为“约定”存放ablility window的地方

ets/pages 项目目录是华为“约定”存放页面内容（组件）的地方

当然你不一定放要放，可以自己新建包名，ability在配置文件module.json5链接好就行 page在显示的时候对应上包名就可以。

entry/configuration 存放就是配置信息

项目文件说明

AppScope/app.json5文件很显然包括了app的包名，版本，应用名（lable）等信息

{
  "app": {
    "bundleName": "com.lyl.hello",
    "vendor": "lyl",
    "versionCode": 1000000,
    "versionName": "1.0.0",
    "icon": "$media:app_icon",
    "label": "$string:app_name"
  }
}

entry/configuration/build-profile.json5 api类型等信息

{
  "apiType": 'stageMode',
  "buildOption": {
  },
  "targets": [
    {
      "name": "default",
      "runtimeOS": "HarmonyOS"
    },
    {
      "name": "ohosTest",
    }
  ]
}

entry/configuration/hvigorfile.ts 构建器脚本暂时不能修改就不列了

entry/configuration/module.json5 类manifest文件写法不同内容不一样

{
  "module": {
    "name": "entry",
    "type": "entry",
    "description": "$string:module_desc",
    "mainElement": "EntryAbility",
    "deviceTypes": [
      "phone",
      "tablet"
    ],
    "deliveryWithInstall": true,
    "installationFree": false,
    "pages": "$profile:main_pages",
    "abilities": [
      {
        "name": "EntryAbility",
        "srcEntry": "./ets/entryability/EntryAbility.ts",
        "description": "$string:EntryAbility_desc",
        "icon": "$media:icon",
        "label": "$string:EntryAbility_label",
        "startWindowIcon": "$media:icon",
        "startWindowBackground": "$color:start_window_background",
        "exported": true,
        "skills": [
          {
            "entities": [
              "entity.system.home"
            ],
            "actions": [
              "action.system.home"
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}

entry/configuration/oh-package.json5 相当于安卓项目模块（app）下面build.gradle文件

{
  "name": "entry",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "Please describe the basic information.",
  "main": "",
  "author": "",
  "license": "",
  "dependencies": {}
}

configuration/build-profile.json5 模块信息，编译api版本等

{
  "app": {
    "signingConfigs": [],
    "compileSdkVersion": 9,
    "compatibleSdkVersion": 9,
    "products": [
      {
        "name": "default",
        "signingConfig": "default",
      }
    ]
  },
  "modules": [
    {
      "name": "entry",
      "srcPath": "./entry",
      "targets": [
        {
          "name": "default",
          "applyToProducts": [
            "default"
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

configuration/oh-package.json5相当于安卓项目中project层的build.gradle

{
  "name": "hello",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "Please describe the basic information.",
  "main": "",
  "author": "",
  "license": "",
  "dependencies": {
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@ohos/hypium": "1.0.6"
  }
}

configuration/oh-package.json5自动生成的不用直接改

page/index 一种响应式编程组件写法。“状态变更，重新渲染”

@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
  @State message: string = 'Hello World'

  build() {
    Row() {
      Column() {
        Text(this.message)
          .fontSize(50)
          .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
      }
      .width('100%')
    }
    .height('100%')
  }
}