目录
- 前言
- 创建source.list
- 安装curl
- 通过curl获取PGP公钥
- 更新系统软件包索引
- 安装ROS
- 激活ROS系统空间
前言
本文参考ROS官方wiki，描述在Ubuntu18.04LTS上安装ROS的过程。
创建source.list
sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://packages.ros.org/ros/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ros-latest.list'
执行 sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://packages.ros.org/ros/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ros-latest.list'创建ROS的source。
安装curl
sudo apt install curl
执行sudo apt install curl安装curl。
通过curl获取PGP公钥
curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/ros.asc | sudo apt-key add -
我在这里遇到报错“gpg: no valid OpenPGP data found.”
尝试使用curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/ros.asc下载ros.asc，提示错误：“Could not resolve host: raw.githubusercontent.com”。
可以看到，无法解析raw.githubusercontent.com。怀疑DNS配置有问题，执行指令sudo vim /etc/resolv.conf打开 /etc/resolv.conf ,新增两个DNS服务器地址。
然后ping raw.githubusercontent.com，问题依然存在。在windows下去ping这个域名也不通，此时怀疑网络的原因。
通过一台连接代理的电脑，访问https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/ros.asc，成功下载ros.asc。然后将ros.asc拷贝到Ubuntu中，运行sudo apt-key add ros.asc后成功添加密钥。
附上ros.asc的内容
-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
Version: GnuPG v1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=i0tj
-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
更新系统软件包索引
sudo apt update
执行sudo apt update更新系统软件包索引。
安装ROS
sudo apt install ros-melodic-desktop-full
执行sudo apt install ros-melodic-desktop-full安装ROS，耗时较长，静静等待完成。
激活ROS系统空间
echo "source /opt/ros/melodic/setup.bash" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc
分别执行echo "source /opt/ros/melodic/setup.bash" >> ~/.bashrc和source ~/.bashrc激活ROS系统空间。
