场景介绍
5G Cellular接口是路由器用来实现5G技术的物理接口,它为用户提供了企业级的无线广域网接入服务,主要用于eMBB场景。与LTE相比,5G系统可以为企业用户提供更大带宽的无线广域接入服务。
路由器的5G功能,可以实现企业分支机构或中小企业的无线宽带接入及互联的需求。5G功能不仅为企业提供了灵活、高效、快速部署网络的解决方案,也为企业提供了一种有线广域链路的备份方法。与LTE相比,5G具备更大带宽的无线广域接入能力,可以为企业用户提供更为丰富的3D高清视频、云桌面和智慧办公等业务。
组网需求
如图1所示,企业分支和总部之间通过Internet网络互通。企业分支使用AR企业路由器作为出口网关,AR企业路由器通过5G链路接入Internet,与企业总部建立连接。该企业分支办理了包年业务,采用自动拨号方式接入Internet。
数据准备
项目 | 数据 | 说明 |
---|---|---|
运营商分配给企业分支的APN名称 | 5gnet | APN名称需提前从运营商处获取。 |
运营商分配给分支的5G Cellular接口的IP地址 | 1.1.1.1/32 | 5G Cellular接口拨号接入运营商后,运营商给5G Cellular接口自动分配的IP地址。 |
分支AR1 LAN侧接口信息 | 所属VLAN:20 网关地址:VLANIF20(10.1.1.1/24) LAN侧物理接口:GE0/0/1 | VLAN 20为分支子网用户所在的VLAN,且分支子网用户的网关为VLANIF20接口。 |
NQA探测的目的地址 | 公网DNS服务器地址:114.114.114.114 | NQA测试例的测试类型必须为ICMP测试,且到NQA测试例的目的地址必须路由可达。本例中选择公网的DNS服务器地址为探测目的地址,也可以选择其他路由可达的公网地址。 114.114.114.114是国内通用的DNS地址,国内用户使用较多,本例中用该地址来测试5G链路的连通性。8.8.8.8是全球通用的DNS地址,如果是国外用户,可以用8.8.8.8地址来测试5G链路的连通性。 |
配置思路
- 配置5G Cellular接口的连接参数及NQA测试例,实现5G Cellular接口接入5G网络。
- 配置企业子网,为内部用户自动分配IP地址。
- 配置NAT功能,实现分支的内网用户可以访问Internet。
- 配置缺省路由,指定出接口为5G Cellular接口,使该企业分支内网的流量通过5G Cellular接口上行传输到Internet。
在5G Cellular接口下执行命令dialer enable-circular配置轮询拨号功能时,设备会同时下发自动拨号、IP地址协商和5G Modem自愈的相关配置,无需再重复配置。
操作步骤
- 配置5G Cellular接口的连接参数及NQA测试例,实现5G Cellular接口接入5G网络。
- 创建APN模板。
<Huawei> system-view [Huawei] sysname AR1 [AR1] apn profile 5gprofile [AR1-apn-profile-5gprofile] apn 5gnet [AR1-apn-profile-5gprofile] quit
- 使能轮询DCC功能,配置自动拨号连接。
[AR1] interface Cellular 1/0/0 [AR1-Cellular1/0/0] dialer enable-circular
- 配置NQA功能,探测5G链路的连通性。
[AR1] nqa test-instance user test [AR1-nqa-user-test] test-type icmp [AR1-nqa-user-test] frequency 30 [AR1-nqa-user-test] destination-address ipv4 114.114.114.114 [AR1-nqa-user-test] start now [AR1-nqa-user-test] quit
- 在5G Cellular接口上绑定APN模板及NQA测试例。
[AR1-Cellular1/0/0] apn-profile 5gprofile Info: The configuration will become effective after link reset. [AR1-Cellular1/0/0] modem auto-recovery track nqa user test probe-cycle seconds 30 [AR1-Cellular1/0/0] modem auto-recovery track action modem-reboot fail-times 10 [AR1-Cellular1/0/0] shutdown [AR1-Cellular1/0/0] undo shutdown [AR1-Cellular1/0/0] quit
- 创建APN模板。
- 配置企业子网,为内部用户自动分配IP地址。
# 配置分支子网,创建VLAN20,将GE0/0/1接口加入VLAN20,并配置DHCP功能。
[AR1] vlan 20 [AR1-vlan20] quit [AR1] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 20 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit [AR1] dhcp enable [AR1] interface vlanif 20 [AR1-Vlanif20] ip address 10.1.1.1 24 [AR1-Vlanif20] dhcp select interface [AR1-Vlanif20] quit
- 配置分支的NAT功能。
[AR1] acl number 3000 [AR1-acl-adv-3000] rule 5 permit ip [AR1-acl-adv-3000] quit [AR1] interface cellular 1/0/0 [AR1-Cellular1/0/0] nat outbound 3000 [AR1-Cellular1/0/0] quit
- 配置静态路由,使企业分支和总部的内网流量可以上行传输到Internet。
# 配置分支的缺省路由,指定出接口为5G Cellular接口。
[AR1] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 cellular 1/0/0
验证
- 在AR1上执行命令display ip interface brief Cellular 1/0/0查看5G Cellular接口的详细信息,当接口上有流量传送时,可以看到接口获取到的IP地址,接口的物理状态和链路层协议状态都是Up。
<AR1> display ip interface brief Cellular 1/0/0 *down: administratively down ^down: standby (l): loopback (s): spoofing (E): E-Trunk down Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol Cellular1/0/0 1.1.1.1/32 up up
- 在AR1上执行命令display cellular 1/0/0 all查看5G数据卡的呼叫连接信息,可以看到APN为5gnet、无线网络类型为Automatic以及网络连接方式为5G(NSA)。
<AR1> display Cellular 1/0/0 all Modem State: Hardware Information. ===================== Model = RG801 Modem Type = 5G module Modem Firmware Version = RG801HEAAAR01A07M8G Hardware Version = HiB5000_MODEM Ver.A Integrate circuit card identity (ICCID) = 98681020100202000069 International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) = 460070075591996 Mobile Station International ISDN Number (MSISDN) = None International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) = 867147050004457 Factory Serial Number (FSN) = 0123456789ABCDEF Modem Status = Online Profile Information. ==================== Profile 1 -------- PDP Type = IPv4, Header Compression = OFF Data Compression = OFF Access Point Name (APN) = 5gnet Packet Session Status = Active * - Default profile Network Information. ==================== Current Service Status = Service available Service Domain = Combined Current Service = PS Packet Service = Attached Packet Session Status = Active Current Roaming Status = Roaming Network Selection Mode = Automatic Network Connection Mode = LTE-NR Current Network Connection = 5G(NSA) Mobile Country Code (MCC) = 369 Mobile Network Code (MNC) = 77 Mobile Operator Information = Unknown Tracking Area Code (TAC) = 1002 Cell ID = 9881858 Radio Information. ================== Current Bands : WCDMA: AUTO LTE: B3 NR: AUTO LTE: Current Band = B3 Current RSSI >= -51 dBm Current RSRP = -71 dBm (strong) Current RSRQ = -6 dB Current SINR = 6 dB NR: Current Band = N78 Current RSRP = -65 dBm (strong) Current RSRQ = -10 dB Current SINR = 38 dB Bands supported : WCDMA: WCDMA850 WCDMA900 WCDMA2100 FDD LTE: B1 B3 B5 B7 B8 B20 B28 TDD LTE: B34 B38 B39 B40 B41 FDD NR: N1 N3 N28 TDD NR: N41 N77 N78 N79 Modem Security Information. =========================== SIM ID = 1 PIN Verification = Disabled PIN Status = Ready Number of Retries remaining = 3 SIM Status = OK
配置脚本
AR1配置文件
# sysname AR1 # vlan batch 20 # dhcp enable # acl number 3000 rule 5 permit ip # interface Vlanif20 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 dhcp select interface # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 20 # interface Cellular1/0/0 dialer enable-circular apn-profile 5gprofile dialer timer autodial 10 nat outbound 3000 modem auto-recovery dial action modem-reboot fail-times 128 modem auto-recovery track action modem-reboot fail-times 10 modem auto-recovery icmp-unreachable action modem-reboot modem auto-recovery services-unavailable action modem-reboot test-times 0 interval 3600 modem auto-recovery track nqa user test probe-cycle seconds 30 ip address negotiate # apn profile 5gprofile apn 5gnet # ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Cellular1/0/0 # nqa test-instance user test test-type icmp destination-address ipv4 114.114.114.114 frequency 30 start now # return