查看gcc版本

gcc -v

Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-redhat-linux
Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-linker-build-id --with-linker-hash-style=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada,go,lto --enable-plugin --enable-initfini-array --disable-libgcj --with-isl=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/isl-install --with-cloog=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/cloog-install --enable-gnu-indirect-function --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=x86-64 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36) (GCC) 

从以上可以看出当前版本为4.8.5，本次我们升级到9.1.0

安装gcc

gcc 阿里云下载地址

tar -vxf gcc-9.1.0.tar.gz
cd gcc-9.1.0
mkdir build
cd build/
../configure --prefix=/home/software/gcc_9.1.0/ --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib

报错，缺乏环境

gmp安装

wget https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpfr-4.1.0.tar.bz2
wget https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/gmp-6.2.1.tar.bz2
wget https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpc-1.2.1.tar.gz

wget https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/gmp-5.0.1.tar.bz2
tar -vxf gmp-5.0.1.tar.bz2
cd gmp-5.0.1/
./configure --prefix=/home/software/gmp_5.0.1
make
make install

MPFR安装

wget https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpfr-3.1.5.tar.bz2
tar -vxf mpfr-3.1.5.tar.xz
cd mpfr-3.1.5/
./configure --prefix=/home/software/mpfr_3.1.5 --with-gmp=/home/software/gmp_5.0.1
make
make install

MPC安装

wget https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpc-1.0.1.tar.gz
tar -vxf mpc-1.0.1.tar.gz
cd mpc-1.0.1
./configure --prefix=/home/software/mpc_1.0.1 --with-gmp=/home/software/gmp_5.0.1 --with-mpfr=/home/software/mpfr_3.1.5
make
make install

gcc 配置

../configure --prefix=/home/software/gcc_9.1.0/ --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib --with-gmp=/home/software/gmp_5.0.1 --with-mpfr=/home/software/mpfr_3.1.5 --with-mpc=/home/software/mpc_1.0.1

make -j4
# make 时间很长。所以有条件的话，在编译时，可以使用make -j8
make install

mv /usr/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc485
mv /usr/bin/g++ /usr/bin/g++485
mv /usr/bin/c++ /usr/bin/c++485
mv /usr/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc485


ln -s /home/software/gcc_9.1.0/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc
ln -s /home/software/gcc_9.1.0/bin/g++ /usr/bin/g++
ln -s /home/software/gcc_9.1.0/bin/c++ /usr/bin/c++
ln -s /home/software/gcc_9.1.0/bin/gcc /usr/bin/cc


mv /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.bak
ln -s /home/software/gcc_9.1.0/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.0.26 /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6


# 查看gcc版本
gcc -v