VSCode 配置 C 语言编程环境

news2024/11/18 17:53:50

一、下载 mingw64

二、配置环境变量

三、三个配置文件

四、格式化代码

1、安装插件

2、保存时自动格式化

3、左 { 不换行

上了两年大学，都还没花心思去搭建 C 语言编程环境，惭愧，惭愧。

一、下载 mingw64

mingw64 是著名的 C/C++ 编译器 GCC 的 Windows 版本。

下载地址：MinGW-w64 - for 32 and 64 bit Windows download | SourceForge.net

① 进入网页后选择 Files 选项卡

② 往下划，找到最新版本的 mingw64，下载如下版本

③ 解压压缩包得到 mingw64 文件夹

mingw64 应该是一款绿色软件，安装和卸载的方法：下载文件夹和删除文件夹。

二、配置环境变量

① 右击 “此电脑”，选择 “属性”（如果你没有 “此电脑” 图标，那就去资源管理器找）

② 高级系统设置 << 环境变量...（在右下角）<< Path（双击或选中后点击 “编辑” 打开）

③ 新建环境变量，填入你的 mingw64 文件夹下 bin 目录的路径（不要照着写！）

④ 打开 cmd，输入以下指令，测试环境变量是否生效

gcc -v

如下图所示，测试成功：

如果出现类似 “不认识 gcc” 的报错，那么可能是路径写错了或者需要重启一下电脑？

三、三个配置文件

在你放代码文件夹下创建一个名为 “.vscode” 的文件夹，并在其中创建三个文件：

c_cpp_properties.json
launch.json
tasks.json

c_cpp_properties.json

注意：把所有的 C:/Program Files/MinGW 换成你的 mingw64 所在目录的路径！

{
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "Win32",
      "includePath": [
        "${workspaceRoot}",
        "C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/include/**",
        "C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++",
        "C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32",
        "C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/backward",
        "C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include",
        "C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include-fixed",
        "C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/include"
      ],
      "defines": [
        "_DEBUG",
        "UNICODE",
        "__GNUC__=6",
        "__cdecl=__attribute__((__cdecl__))"
      ],
      "intelliSenseMode": "msvc-x64",
      "browse": {
        "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
        "databaseFilename": "",
        "path": [
          "${workspaceRoot}",
          "C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/include/**",
          "C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++",
          "C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32",
          "C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/backward",
          "C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include",
          "C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include-fixed",
          "C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/include"
        ]
      }
    }
  ],
  "version": 4
}

launch.json

{
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "(Windows) Launch",
      "type": "cppvsdbg",
      "request": "launch",
      "program": "cmd",
      "preLaunchTask": "echo",
      "args": [
        "/C",
        "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
        "&",
        "echo.",
        "&",
        "pause"
      ],
      "stopAtEntry": false,
      "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
      "environment": []
    },
    {
      "name": "(gdb) Launch",
      "type": "cppdbg",
      "request": "launch",
      "program": "${workspaceFolder}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
      "args": [],
      "stopAtEntry": false,
      "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
      "environment": [],
      "externalConsole": true,
      "MIMode": "gdb",
      "miDebuggerPath": "C:\\Program Files\\MinGW\\mingw64\\bin\\gdb.exe", // 自己电脑的gdb
      "preLaunchTask": "echo", //这里和task.json的label相对应
      "setupCommands": [
        {
          "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
          "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
          "ignoreFailures": true
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

tasks.json

{
  // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
  // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
  "version": "2.0.0",
  "tasks": [
    {
      "label": "echo",
      "type": "shell",
      "command": "gcc",
      "args": [
        "-g",
        "${file}",
        "-o",
        "${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
        "-fexec-charset=GBK" // 解决中文乱码
      ]
    }
  ],
  "presentation": {
    "echo": true,
    "reveal": "always",
    "focus": false,
    "panel": "new",
    "showReuseMessage": true,
    "clear": false
  }
}