1、初始化git目录，创建文件并将其推送到本地库

git init 
echo "123" > hello.txt
git add  hello.txt
git commit -m "first commit" hello.txt

$ git init
Initialized empty Git repository in D:/Git/git-demo/.git/
Administrator@DESKTOP-IL6MV0I MINGW64 /d/Git/git-demo (master)
$ echo "123" > hello.txt
Administrator@DESKTOP-IL6MV0I MINGW64 /d/Git/git-demo (master)
$ git add  hello.txt
warning: in the working copy of 'hello.txt', LF will be replaced by CRLF the next time Git touches it
Administrator@DESKTOP-IL6MV0I MINGW64 /d/Git/git-demo (master)
$ git commit -m "first commit" hello.txt
warning: in the working copy of 'hello.txt', LF will be replaced by CRLF the next time Git touches it
[master (root-commit) 8624ac6] first commit
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 create mode 100644 hello.txt

2、查看分支

 git branch -v		# 显示当前分支和版本号
 git branch 		# 只显示当前分支
 git branch -a		# 显示所有的分支

当前没有创建分支，所以默认的分支是master

$ git branch -v
* master 8624ac6 first commit

Administrator@DESKTOP-IL6MV0I MINGW64 /d/Git/git-demo (master)
$ git branch
* master

Administrator@DESKTOP-IL6MV0I MINGW64 /d/Git/git-demo (master)
$ git branch -a
* master

3、创建分支

语法： git branch 分支名

3.1、创建并查看分支

git branch hot-fix	# 创建分支 hot-fix
git branch -a		# 查看分支

Administrator@DESKTOP-IL6MV0I MINGW64 /d/Git/git-demo (master)
$ git branch hot-fix

Administrator@DESKTOP-IL6MV0I MINGW64 /d/Git/git-demo (master)
$ git branch -a
  hot-fix
* master

3.2、切换分支

语法：git checkout 分支名

git checkout hot-fix
git branch -a

$ git checkout hot-fix
Switched to branch 'hot-fix'

Administrator@DESKTOP-IL6MV0I MINGW64 /d/Git/git-demo (hot-fix)
$ git branch -a
* hot-fix		# 目前分支是指向的 hot-fix
  master

3.3、修改工作区的文件上传到本地库
$ echo “456” >> hello.txt

Administrator@DESKTOP-IL6MV0I MINGW64 /d/Git/git-demo (hot-fix)
$ cat hello.txt
123
456	# 新增记录

Administrator@DESKTOP-IL6MV0I MINGW64 /d/Git/git-demo (hot-fix)
$ git add hello.txt
warning: in the working copy of 'hello.txt', LF will be replaced by CRLF the next time Git touches it
$ git commit -m "hot-fix commit" hello.txt
warning: in the working copy of 'hello.txt', LF will be replaced by CRLF the next time Git touches it
[hot-fix 35926cb] hot-fix commit
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

查看windows目录的文件

#可以看出分支已经多了一个hot-fix

查看hot-fix对应的版本

Administrator@DESKTOP-IL6MV0I MINGW64 /d/Git/git-demo (hot-fix)
$ git reflog
35926cb (HEAD -> hot-fix) HEAD@{0}: commit: hot-fix commit
8624ac6 (master) HEAD@{1}: checkout: moving from master to hot-fix
8624ac6 (master) HEAD@{2}: commit (initial): first commit