【实验名称】
配置 OSPF 多区域。
【实验目的】
配置 OSPF 多区域，理解 OSPF 层次型网络的特点。
【背景描述】
本实验拓扑图中有 3 台路由器，路由器在区域 0 和区域 1 中，路由器 B 在区域 0 和区域 30，
路由器 C 在区域 30。
【需求分析】
需要基于本拓扑图实现 OSPF 多区域的配置，并理解 OSPF 实现层次型网络的优点。
【实验拓扑】
实验的拓扑图，如图 11-1 所示。
图 11-1
【实验设备】
路由器 3 台
【预备知识】
路由器基本配置知识、OSPF。
【实验原理】
配置 OSPF 路由协议，实现多区域路由。
【实验步骤】
步骤 1 在路由器上配置 IP 地址。
RA#config t
RA(config)# interface FastEthernet 0/0
RA(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
RA(config)#interface Loopback 0
RA(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0
RA(config)#interface Loopback 1
RA(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
RA(config)#interface Loopback 2
RA(config-if)#ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0
RA(config)#interface Loopback 3
RA(config-if)#ip address 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0
RA(config)#interface Loopback 4
RA(config-if)#ip address 172.16.4.1 255.255.255.0
RB#config t
RB(config)# interface FastEthernet 0/0
RB(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
RB(config)#interface FastEthernet 0/1
RB(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
RB(config)#interface Loopback 0
RB(config-if)#ip address 172.24.1.1 255.255.255.0
RB(config)#interface Loopback 1
RB(config-if)#p address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
RC#config t
RC(config)# interface FastEthernet 0/0
RC(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
RC(config)#interface Loopback 0
RC(config-if)#ip address 172.24.2.1 255.255.255.0
RC(config)#interface Loopback 1
RC(config-if)#ip address 199.0.0.10 255.255.255.240
步骤 2 配置 OSPF。
RA(config)# router ospf 10
RA(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
RA(config-router)#network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
RA(config-router)#network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
RA(config-router)#network 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
RA(config-router)#network 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
RA(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
RB(config)# router ospf 10
RB(config-router)#network 172.24.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
RB(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
实验 11 OSPF 多区域配置 ·7·
RB(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 30
RB(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
RC(config)# router ospf 10
RC(config-router)#network 172.24.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 30
RC(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 30
步骤 3 验证测试。
用命令 show ip route 和 sh ip ospf neighbor 来验证配置。
RA#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP B - BGP
O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default
Gateway of last resort is no set
C 172.16.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback 0
C 172.16.0.1/32 is local host.
C 172.16.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback 1
C 172.16.1.1/32 is local host.
C 172.16.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback 2
C 172.16.2.1/32 is local host.
C 172.16.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback 3
C 172.16.3.1/32 is local host.
C 172.16.4.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback 4
C 172.16.4.1/32 is local host.
O 172.24.1.1/32 [110/1] via 192.168.1.1, 00:03:13, FastEthernet 0/0
O IA 172.24.2.1/32 [110/2] via 192.168.1.1, 00:00:35, FastEthernet 0/0
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet 0/0
C 192.168.1.2/32 is local host.
O IA 192.168.2.0/24 [110/2] via 192.168.1.1, 00:03:13, FastEthernet 0/0
O 192.168.3.1/32 [110/1] via 192.168.1.1, 00:03:13, FastEthernet 0/0
RC#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP B - BGP
O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default
Gateway of last resort is 0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Loopback 1
O IA 172.16.0.0/24 [110/2] via 192.168.2.1, 00:02:49, FastEthernet 0/0
O IA 172.16.1.0/24 [110/2] via 192.168.2.1, 00:02:49, FastEthernet 0/0
实验 11 OSPF 多区域配置 ·8·
O IA 172.16.2.0/24 [110/2] via 192.168.2.1, 00:02:49, FastEthernet 0/0
O IA 172.16.3.0/24 [110/2] via 192.168.2.1, 00:02:49, FastEthernet 0/0
O IA 172.16.4.0/24 [110/2] via 192.168.2.1, 00:02:49, FastEthernet 0/0
O IA 172.24.1.0/24 [110/1] via 192.168.2.1, 00:02:49, FastEthernet 0/0
C 172.24.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback 0
C 172.24.2.1/32 is local host.
O IA 192.168.1.0/24 [110/2] via 192.168.2.1, 00:02:49, FastEthernet 0/0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet 0/0
C 192.168.2.2/32 is local host.
O IA 192.168.3.0/24 [110/1] via 192.168.2.1, 00:02:49, FastEthernet 0/0
C 199.0.0.0/28 is directly connected, Loopback 1
C 199.0.0.10/32 is local host.
RB#show ip ospf neighbor
OSPF process 10:
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
172.16.4.1 1 Full/DR 00:00:37 192.168.1.2 FastEthernet 0/0
199.0.0.10 1 Full/BDR 00:00:35 192.168.2.2 FastEthernet 0/1
【参考配置】
RA#show running-config
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 1029 bytes
!
version RGNOS 10.1.00(4), Release(18443)(Tue Jul 17 20:50:30 CST 2007
-ubu1server)
hostname RA
!
enable secret 5 $1$db44$8x67vy78Dz5pq1xD
!
interface FastEthernet 0/0
ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet 0/1
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Loopback 0
ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback 1
ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
实验 11 OSPF 多区域配置 ·9·
!
interface Loopback 2
ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback 3
ip address 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback 4
ip address 172.16.4.1 255.255.255.0
!
router ospf 10
network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
network 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
network 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
login
!
end
RB#show running-config
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 807 bytes
!
version RGNOS 10.1.00(4), Release(18443)(Tue Jul 17 20:50:30 CST 2007
-ubu1server)
hostname RB
!
enable secret 5 $1$db44$8x67vy78Dz5pq1xD
!
interface FastEthernet 0/0
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet 0/1
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
实验 11 OSPF 多区域配置 ·10·
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Loopback 0
ip address 172.24.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback 1
ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
router ospf 10
network 172.24.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 30
network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
login
!
end
RC#show running-config
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 734 bytes
!
version RGNOS 10.1.00(4), Release(18443)(Tue Jul 17 20:50:30 CST 2007
-ubu1server)
hostname RC
!
enable secret 5 $1$db44$8x67vy78Dz5pq1xD
!
interface FastEthernet 0/0
ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet 0/1
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Loopback 0
ip address 172.24.2.1 255.255.255.0
!
实验 11 OSPF 多区域配置 ·11·
interface Loopback 1
ip address 199.0.0.10 255.255.255.240
!
router ospf 10
network 172.24.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 30
network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 30
!
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Loopback 1
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
login
!
end
实验 11 OSPF 多区域配置 ·12·