在 Vue Router 中，你可以通过过渡动效（Transition Effects）为路由切换添加平滑的过渡效果，从而提升用户体验。过渡动效可以使用 Vue 的 <transition> 组件和 CSS 过渡来实现。
基本使用：
- 对导航使用动画，需要
v-slotAPI：
<router-view #default="{route,Component}">
<transition :enter-active-class="`animate__animated ${route.meta.transition}`">
<component :is="Component"></component>
</transition>
</router-view>
- 以上会对所有的路由使用相同的过渡。如果你想让每个路由的组件有不同的过渡，可以将元信息和动态的
name结合在一起，放在<transition>上：
declare module 'vue-router'{
interface RouteMeta {
title:string,
transition:string,
}
}
const router = createRouter({
history: createWebHistory(import.meta.env.BASE_URL),
routes: [
{
path: '/',
component: () => import('@/views/Login.vue'),
meta:{
title:"登录页面",
transition:"animate__fadeInUp",
}
},
{
path: '/index',
component: () => import('@/views/Index.vue'),
meta:{
title:"首页！！！",
transition:"animate__bounceIn",
}
}
]
})
用法总结，在路由切换时添加过渡动效：
-
首先，你需要在你的 Vue 项目中导入
<transition>组件。 -
在需要添加过渡动效的地方（通常是路由的
<router-view>），使用<transition>包裹你的内容。 -
为
<transition>组件添加一个 CSS 类，以便在路由切换时触发过渡效果。
实例演示（以下实例会用到 Animation.css 库）：
index.ts
import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router'
declare module 'vue-router' {
interface RouteMeta {
title: string,
transition: string
}
}
export const router = createRouter({
// import.meta.env.BASE_URL 应用的基本 URL。基本 URL 是指在你的应用部署到某个域名或子路径时，URL 的起始部分。例如，如果你的应用部署在 https://example.com/myapp/ 这个路径下，那么 import.meta.env.BASE_URL 就会是 /myapp/。
history: createWebHistory(import.meta.env.BASE_URL),
routes: [
{
path: '/',
component: () => import('@/views/Login.vue'),
meta: {
title: "登录页",
transition: "animate__fadeIn"
}
},
{
path: '/index',
component: () => import('@/views/Index.vue'),
meta: {
title: "首页",
transition: "animate__bounceOut"
}
},
],
})
loadingBar.vue
<template>
<div class="wraps">
<div ref="bar" class="bar"></div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, onMounted } from 'vue'
let speed = ref<number>(1)
let bar = ref<HTMLElement>()
let timer = ref<number>(0)
const startLoading = () => {
speed.value = 1
let dom = bar.value as HTMLElement
timer.value = window.requestAnimationFrame(function fn() {
if (speed.value < 90) {
speed.value += 1;
dom.style.width = speed.value + '%'
timer.value = window.requestAnimationFrame(fn)
} else {
speed.value = 1
window.cancelAnimationFrame(timer.value)
}
})
}
const endLoading = () => {
let dom = bar.value as HTMLElement
setTimeout(() => {
window.requestAnimationFrame(() => {
speed.value = 100
dom.style.width = speed.value + '%'
})
}, 500)
}
defineExpose({ startLoading, endLoading })
</script>
<style scoped lang="less">
.wraps {
width: 100%;
position: fixed;
height: 10px;
top: 0;
.bar {
height: inherit;
width: 0;
background-color: #409eff;
}
}
</style>
Index.vue
<template>
<h1>
我进来啦
</h1>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
</script>
<style scoped></style>
Login.vue
<template>
<div class="login">
<el-card class="box-card">
<el-form ref="form" :rules="rules" :model="formInline" class="demo-form-inline">
<el-form-item prop="user" label="账号：">
<el-input v-model="formInline.user" placeholder="请输入账号" />
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item prop="password" label="密码：">
<el-input v-model="formInline.password" placeholder="请输入密码" type="password"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button type="primary" @click="onSubmit">登录</el-button>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
</el-card>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { reactive, ref } from 'vue'
import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'
import type { FormItemRule, FormInstance } from 'element-plus';
import { ElMessage } from 'element-plus'
const router = useRouter()
type Form = {
user: string,
password: string
}
type Rules = {
[k in keyof Form]?: Array<FormItemRule>
}
const formInline = reactive<Form>({
user: '',
password: '',
})
const form = ref<FormInstance>()
const rules = reactive({
user: [
{
required: true,
message: '请输入账号',
type: 'string',
}
],
password: [
{
required: true,
message: '请输入密码',
type: 'string',
}
]
})
const onSubmit = () => {
console.log('submit!', form.value)
form.value?.validate((validate)=>{
if (validate) {
router.push('/index')
localStorage.setItem('token', '1')
} else {
ElMessage.error('账号或密码错误')
}
})
}
</script>
<style scoped lang="less">
.login {
height: 100%;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
</style>
App.vue
<template>
<router-view #default="{ Component, route }">
<transition :enter-active-class="`animate__animated ${route.meta.transition}`">
<component :is="Component"></component>
</transition>
</router-view>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import 'animate.css'
</script>
<style>
/* 注意 style 标签 别加 scoped 不然设置宽高不生效 */
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
html, body, #app {
height: 100%;
overflow: hidden;
}
</style>
main.ts
import { createApp,createVNode,render } from 'vue'
import App from './App.vue'
import {router} from './router'
// import 引入
import ElementPlus from 'element-plus'
import 'element-plus/dist/index.css'
import loadingBar from './components/loadingBar.vue'
const Vnode = createVNode(loadingBar)
render(Vnode,document.body)
const app = createApp(App)
app.use(router)
// use 注入 ElementPlus 插件
app.use(ElementPlus)
const whiteList = ['/']
// beforeEach 可以定义不止一个，vue会收集所有定义的路由钩子，所以next的作用不应该是跳转，而是使步骤进行到下一个你定义的钩子
router.beforeEach((to, from, next) => {
document.title = to.meta.title
Vnode.component?.exposed?.startLoading()
// token每次都要跟后端校验一下是否过期
if(whiteList.includes(to.path) || localStorage.getItem('token')){
next()
}else{
next('/')
}
})
router.afterEach((to, from) => {
Vnode.component?.exposed?.endLoading()
})
app.mount('#app')
可以发现在切换到首页或者登录页都有过渡动效。
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