南大实验pa0：安装环境

news2024/11/28 10:32:08

安装untubu没问题，但是切到清华软件园之后，问题百出。记录一下

问题1

如上图所示，在安装build-essential的时候出现了问题

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 g++-11 : Depends: gcc-11-base (= 11.2.0-19ubuntu1) but 11.4.0-1ubuntu1~22.04 is to be installed
          Depends: libstdc++-11-dev (= 11.2.0-19ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
 gcc-11 : Depends: cpp-11 (= 11.2.0-19ubuntu1) but 11.4.0-1ubuntu1~22.04 is to be installed
          Depends: gcc-11-base (= 11.2.0-19ubuntu1) but 11.4.0-1ubuntu1~22.04 is to be installed
          Depends: libcc1-0 (>= 11.2.0-19ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
          Depends: libgcc-11-dev (= 11.2.0-19ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
 libc6-dev : Depends: libc6 (= 2.35-0ubuntu3) but 2.35-0ubuntu3.1 is to be installed
             Depends: libtirpc-dev but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libnsl-dev but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

其实主要的问题就是安装的时候出现冲突了，我们主要看这句话：

Depends: gcc-11-base (= 11.2.0-19ubuntu1) but 11.4.0-1ubuntu1~22.04 is to be installed

大概意思就是我们下载的这个版本的依赖和我下载的ubuntu系统冲突了，但是我运气挺好，看到一篇博客，下载aptitude（包管理工具：chat的详解看下面的图1）Ubuntu 22.04LTS中使用aptitude来解决build-essential安装过程中过高版本包依赖问题_sudo apt install build-essential_不理冤屈的博客-CSDN博客

图1：

然后将文档中的安装命令都换成apt-get就可以了

sudo aptitude install build-essential

好吧只是我认为的可以了，好像还是不行，那到底该如何完成呢，在做完上面的操作之后，我们还需要做下面这些操作。我们知道是版本冲突的问题，所以我们运行上面这个命令之后会爆出一下提示

The following NEW packages will be installed:
binutils{a} binutils-common{a} binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu{a}
build-essential{b} dpkg-dev{a} fakeroot{a} gcc{a} gcc-11{a}
libalgorithm-diff-perl{a} libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl{a}
libalgorithm-merge-perl{a} libasan6{a} libbinutils{a} libcc1-0{a}
libctf-nobfd0{a} libctf0{a} libfakeroot{a} libgcc-11-dev{a} libitm1{a}
liblsan0{a} libquadmath0{a} libtsan0{a} libubsan1{a} lto-disabled-list{a}
make{a}
The following packages will be REMOVED:
systemd-hwe-hwdb{u}
0 packages upgraded, 25 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 34.1 MB of archives. After unpacking 108 MB will be used.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
build-essential : Depends: libc6-dev but it is not installable or
libc-dev which is a virtual package, provided by:
- libc6-dev (2.35-0ubuntu3), but it is not installable

Depends: g++ (>= 4:10.2) but it is not installable
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:

Keep the following packages at their current version:
1) build-essential [Not Installed]

Leave the following dependencies unresolved:
2) dpkg-dev recommends build-essential

Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?]