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第四章 LINUX Docker LNMP项目搭建

一、项目环境

公司在实际的生产环境中，需要使用Docker 技术在一台主机上创建LNMP服务并运行Wordpress网站平台。然后对此服务进行相关的性能调优和管理工作

1.环境描述

容器宿主机	操作系统	ip地址	主要软件
Docker	CentOS 7.3 x86_64	192.168.58.60	Docker 19.03

2.容器ip地址规划

宿主机        ip地址：192.168.58.60
nginx容器   ip地址：172.18.0.10
mysql容器  ip地址：172.18.0.20
php容器     ip地址：172.18.0.30

3.任务需求

1）使用Docker构建LNMP环境并运行Wordpress网站平台

2）限制Nginx容器最多使用500Mb的内存和1G的Swap

3）限制Mysql容器写 /dev/sda 的速率为 10 MB/s

4）将所有容器进行快照，然后将Docker镜像打包成tar包备份到本地

二、部署过程

###前提本地已经安装docker，配置lnmp的文件目录
cd /opt/
mkdir mylnmp
cd /opt/mylnmp/
mkdir nginx mysql php

###部署一个有所有软件依赖包的镜像，以便进行分阶段构建镜像
cd /opt/
vim Dockerfile
FROM centos:7                    ###从公有仓库pull一个centos:7的镜像
COPY qinghua-yum.sh /opt/        ###上传修改yum源的脚本
RUN chmod +x /opt/qinghua-yum.sh && /opt/qinghua-yum.sh && \
yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel \
gcc gcc-c++ make ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake gd \
libjpeg-devel \
libpng-devel \
freetype-devel \
libxml2-devel \
zlib-devel \
curl-devel \
openssl-devel

docker build -t centos7:mylnmp

docker images

docker network create --subnet=172.18.0.0/16  --opt "com.docker.network.bridge.name"="docker1"  mylnmp

docker network ls

1.部署构建 nginx 镜像

###nginx目录下已上传nginx安装包、论坛安装包、nginx配置文件
cd /opt/mylnmp/nginx/
ls

###部署 nginx 的 Dockerfile
cd /opt/mylnmp/nginx/
vim Dockerfile
FROM centos7:mylnmp
ADD nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz /usr/local/
RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx && \
cd /usr/local/nginx-1.24.0 && \
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module && make && make install

COPY nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

FROM centos:7
COPY --from=0 /usr/local/nginx/  /usr/local/nginx/
RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
EXPOSE 80
#EXPOSE 443

CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

docker build -t nginx:lnmp

docker images

docker run -d --name nginx --network=myLnmp --ip=172.18.0.10 -p 80:80 -v /opt/mylnmp/nginx/html/:/usr/local/nginx/html/ -m 500m - -memory-swap=1.5g centos7:myLnmp

docker ps -a

2.部署构建 mysql 镜像

###mysql目录下已上传mysql安装包、mysql配置文件
cd /opt/mylnmp/mysql/
ls

###部署 mysql 的 Dockerfile
cd /opt/mylnmp/mysql/
vim Dockerfile
FROM centos7:mylnmp
ADD mysql-boost-5.7.41.tar.gz /opt/
RUN cd /opt/mysql-5.7.41/ && \
cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 && \
make -j4 && make install

FROM centos:7
COPY --from=0 /usr/local/mysql/ /usr/local/mysql/
COPY my.cnf /etc/my.cnf
ENV PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH
RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql && \
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/ && \
chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf && \
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysgl \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
EXPOSE 3306
CMD ["/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld"]

docker build -t mysql:lnmp

docker images

docker run -d --name mysql --privileged --network mylnmp --ip 172.18.0.20 -v /usr/local/mysql --device-write-bps /dev/sda:10mb mysql:lnmp

docker ps -a

docker exec -it 5066206ee1b6 bash

mysqladmin -u root password "123"

mysql -u root -p123
CREATE DATABASE wordpress;
GRANT all ON wordpress.* TO 'admin'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123';
flush privileges;
exit

exit

3.部署构建 php 镜像

###mysql目录下已上传php安装包、php配置文件
cd /opt/mylnmp/php/
ls

###部署 php 的 Dockerfile
cd /opt/mylnmp/php/
vim Dockerfile
FROM centos7:mylnmp
ADD php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 /opt
RUN cd /opt/php-7.1.10 && \
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip && make -j 2 && make install
COPY php.ini /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
COPY php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
COPY www.conf /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

FROM centos:7
COPY --from=0 /usr/local/php /usr/local/php
RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin php && yum -y install gd \
libjpeg-devel \
libpng-devel \
freetype-devel \
libxml2-devel \
zlib-devel \
curl-devel \
openssl-devel
EXPOSE 9000
CMD ["/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm", "-F"]

docker build -t php:lnmp

docker images

docker run --name php -d -p 9000:9000 --network mylnmp --ip 172.18.0.30 --volumes-from nginx --volumes-from mysql php:lnmp

docker ps -a

docker exec -it 850d14f706b7 bash
ls /usr/local
ls /usr/local/nginx/html
ls /usr/local/mysql
exit

4.验证测试

http://192.168.58.60/index.html
http://192.168.58.60/index.php
http://192.168.58.60/wordpress/index.php