一、vue中使用3d饼图
效果图:
二、使用步骤
1.引入库
安装echarts
在package.json文件中添加
"dependencies": {
"echarts": "^5.1.2"
"echarts-gl": "^1.1.0",
// "echarts-gl": "^2.0.8"
},
npm install echarts-gl@1.1.0 --save
2.使用
完整代码如下(示例):
HTML代码
<template>
<div :class="className" :style="{height:height,width:width,backgroundImage:'url(' + require('@/assets/bigScreen/deviceBg.png') + ')'}"/>
</template>
js脚本代码
<script>
import "echarts-gl";
import echarts from 'echarts'
require('echarts/theme/macarons') // echarts theme
export default {
props: {
className: {
type: String,
default: 'chart'
},
width: {
type: String,
default: '50%'
},
height: {
type: String,
default: '300px'
},
optionTest:{}
},
data() {
return {
myChart: null,
seriesData: [],
};
},
mounted() {
this.getList();
window.addEventListener("resize", () => {
this.reloadChart();
});
},
methods: {
getList() {
this.seriesData = [
{
name: "canshu1",
value: 58,
},
{
name: "canshu2",
value: 3,
},
{
name: "canshu3",
value: 15,
},
{
name: "canshu4",
value: 30,
},
];
this.initChart(this.seriesData);
},
initChart(data) {
if (data.length == 0) return;
// this.myChart = this.$echarts.init(this.$refs.myChart);
this.myChart = echarts.init(this.$el, 'macarons')
let colors = [
"RGBA(36, 154, 163, 1)",
"RGBA(245, 169, 64, 1)",
"RGBA(240, 136, 64, 1)",
"RGBA(123, 198, 239, 1)",
"RGBA(245, 169, 64, 1)",
"RGBA(240, 136, 64, 1)",
"RGBA(123, 198, 239, 1)",
];
const getPie3D = (pieData, internalDiameterRatio) => {
//internalDiameterRatio:透明的空心占比
let series = [];
let sumValue = 0;
let startValue = 0;
let endValue = 0;
let k = 1 - internalDiameterRatio;
pieData.sort((a, b) => {
return b.value - a.value;
});
// 为每一个饼图数据,生成一个 series-surface 配置
for (let i = 0; i < pieData.length; i++) {
sumValue += pieData[i].value;
let seriesItem = {
name:
typeof pieData[i].name === "undefined"
? `series${i}`
: pieData[i].name,
type: "surface",
parametric: true,
wireframe: {
show: false,
},
pieData: pieData[i],
pieStatus: {
selected: false,
hovered: false,
k: k,
},
radius: "20%",
center: ["10%", "20%"],
};
if (typeof colors[i] != "undefined") {
let itemStyle = {};
typeof colors[i] != "undefined"
? (itemStyle.color = colors[i])
: null;
seriesItem.itemStyle = itemStyle;
}
series.push(seriesItem);
}
// 使用上一次遍历时,计算出的数据和 sumValue,调用 getParametricEquation 函数,
// 向每个 series-surface 传入不同的参数方程 series-surface.parametricEquation,也就是实现每一个扇形。
for (let i = 0; i < series.length; i++) {
endValue = startValue + series[i].pieData.value;
series[i].pieData.startRatio = startValue / sumValue;
series[i].pieData.endRatio = endValue / sumValue;
series[i].parametricEquation = getParametricEquation(
series[i].pieData.startRatio,
series[i].pieData.endRatio,
false,
false,
k,
series[i].pieData.value
);
startValue = endValue;
}
// let boxHeight = getHeight3D(series, 15); //通过传参设定3d饼/环的高度,26代表26px
// 准备待返回的配置项,把准备好的 legendData、series 传入。
let option = {
labelLine: {
show: true,
lineStyle: {
color: "#7BC0CB",
},
},
legend: {
orient: "vertical",
top: "center",
right: this.fontSize(0.1),
data: data,
icon: "circle",
itemWidth: this.fontSize(0.13), //矩形宽度
itemHeight: this.fontSize(0.13), //矩形高度
formatter: (res) => {
let str = "";
series.forEach((ele) => {
if (res == ele.name) {
let bfb = (
(ele.pieData.endRatio - ele.pieData.startRatio) *
100
).toFixed(2);
if (bfb == "NaN") {
str =
"{e|" +
ele.pieData.name +
"}" +
"{a|" +
ele.pieData.value +
" " +
0 +
"%}";
} else {
str =
"{e|" +
ele.pieData.name +
"} " +
"{a| " +
ele.pieData.value +
"}{b| " +
bfb +
"%}";
}
}
});
return str;
},
textStyle: {
color: "#fff",
fontSize: this.fontSize(0.35),
padding: [5, 0],
rich: {
a: {
fontSize: this.fontSize(0.35),
color: "#00DCF6",
// width: this.fontSize(0.5),
},
b: {
fontSize: this.fontSize(0.35),
color: "#00DCF6",
// width: this.fontSize(0.85),
},
e: {
fontSize: this.fontSize(0.35),
// width: this.fontSize(1.0),
},
},
},
},
label: {
show: false,
formatter: "",
},
tooltip: {
show: true,
formatter: (params) => {
if (
params.seriesName !== "mouseoutSeries" &&
params.seriesName !== "pie2d"
) {
let bfb = (
(option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieData.endRatio -
option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieData.startRatio) *
100
).toFixed(2);
return (
`${params.seriesName}<br/>` +
`<span style="display:inline-block;margin-right:5px;border-radius:10px;width:10px;height:10px;background-color:${params.color};"></span>` +
`${bfb}%`
);
}
},
},
xAxis3D: {
min: -1,
max: 1,
},
yAxis3D: {
min: -1,
max: 1,
},
zAxis3D: {
min: -1,
max: 1,
},
grid3D: {
show: false,
boxHeight: 10, //圆环的高度
left: -this.fontSize(2.2),
top: -this.fontSize(0.1), //3d饼图的位置
viewControl: {
//3d效果可以放大、旋转等,请自己去查看官方配置
alpha: 25, //角度
distance: 200, //调整视角到主体的距离,类似调整zoom
rotateSensitivity: 0, //设置为0无法旋转
zoomSensitivity: 0, //设置为0无法缩放
panSensitivity: 0, //设置为0无法平移
autoRotate: false, //自动旋转
},
},
series: series,
};
return option;
};
//获取3d丙图的最高扇区的高度
// const getHeight3D = (series, height) => {
// series.sort((a, b) => {
// return b.pieData.value - a.pieData.value;
// });
// return (height * this.fontSize(1)) / series[0].pieData.value;
// };
// 生成扇形的曲面参数方程,用于 series-surface.parametricEquation
const getParametricEquation = (
startRatio,
endRatio,
isSelected,
isHovered,
k,
h
) => {
// 计算
let midRatio = (startRatio + endRatio) / 2;
let startRadian = startRatio * Math.PI * 2;
let endRadian = endRatio * Math.PI * 2;
let midRadian = midRatio * Math.PI * 2;
// 如果只有一个扇形,则不实现选中效果。
if (startRatio === 0 && endRatio === 1) {
isSelected = false;
}
// 通过扇形内径/外径的值,换算出辅助参数 k(默认值 1/3)
k = typeof k !== "undefined" ? k : 1 / 3;
// 计算选中效果分别在 x 轴、y 轴方向上的位移(未选中,则位移均为 0)
let offsetX = isSelected ? Math.cos(midRadian) * 0.1 : 0;
let offsetY = isSelected ? Math.sin(midRadian) * 0.1 : 0;
// 计算高亮效果的放大比例(未高亮,则比例为 1)
let hoverRate = isHovered ? 1.05 : 1;
// 返回曲面参数方程
return {
u: {
min: -Math.PI,
max: Math.PI * 3,
step: Math.PI / 32,
},
v: {
min: 0,
max: Math.PI * 2,
step: Math.PI / 20,
},
x: function(u, v) {
if (u < startRadian) {
return (
offsetX +
Math.cos(startRadian) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate
);
}
if (u > endRadian) {
return (
offsetX +
Math.cos(endRadian) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate
);
}
return offsetX + Math.cos(u) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate;
},
y: function(u, v) {
if (u < startRadian) {
return (
offsetY +
Math.sin(startRadian) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate
);
}
if (u > endRadian) {
return (
offsetY +
Math.sin(endRadian) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate
);
}
return offsetY + Math.sin(u) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate;
},
z: function(u, v) {
if (u < -Math.PI * 0.5) {
return Math.sin(u);
}
if (u > Math.PI * 2.5) {
return Math.sin(u) * h * 0.1;
}
return Math.sin(v) > 0 ? 1 * h * 0.1 : -1;
},
};
};
let option = getPie3D(data, 0.8);
//是否需要label指引线,如果要就添加一个透明的2d饼状图并调整角度使得labelLine和3d的饼状图对齐,并再次setOption
option.series.push({
name: "pie2d",
type: "pie",
labelLine: {
show: false,
length: 15,
length2: 15,
},
startAngle: -this.fontSize(0.3), //起始角度,支持范围[0, 360]。
clockwise: false, //饼图的扇区是否是顺时针排布。上述这两项配置主要是为了对齐3d的样式
radius: [this.fontSize(1.3) + "%", this.fontSize(1.4) + "%"],
center: [this.fontSize(1.5) + "%", this.fontSize(1.8) + "%"], //指示线的位置
data: data,
itemStyle: {
opacity: 0,
},
});
this.myChart.setOption(option);
},
// 字体自适应。
fontSize(res) {
const clientWidth =
window.innerWidth ||
document.documentElement.clientWidth ||
document.body.clientWidth;
if (!clientWidth) return;
const fontSize = 40 * (clientWidth / 1920);
return res * fontSize;
},
},
//重新加载图表
reloadChart() {
this.disposeChart();
this.initChart(this.seriesData);
},
//销毁图表以及重置各个数据
disposeChart() {
if (this.myChart) {
this.myChart.dispose();
}
},
beforeDestroy() {
this.disposeChart();
},
};
</script>
三、会旋转的3D饼图
<template>
<div class="chart" ref="myLineChart" id="charts" :style="{height:height,width:width,border:border,backgroundImage:'url(' + require('@/assets/images/chart_opacity_bg.png') + ')',backgroundRepeat:'no-repeat',backgroundPosition:'center center'}"></div>
</div>
<!-- 饼图 -->
<!-- <div class="container">
<div class="chartsGl" id="charts"></div>
<div class="buttomCharts"></div>
</div> -->
</template>
<script>
import "echarts-gl";
import echarts from 'echarts'
require('echarts/theme/macarons') // echarts theme
export default {
props: {
className: {
type: String,
default: 'chart'
},
width: {
type: String,
default: '30%'
},
height: {
type: String,
default: '300px'
},
border: {
type: String,
default: '1px solid red'
},
optionTest:{}
},
data() {
return {
myChart: null,
optionData:[
{
"name": "病区四",
"value": 80,
},
{
"name": "病区一",
"value": 200,
},
{
"name": "病区三",
"value": 20,
},
{
"name": "病区二",
"value": 400,
},
{
"name": "病区五",
"value": 500,
},
{
"name": "病区66",
"value": 590,
}
]
}
},
mounted() {
this.init()
},
methods: {
//初始化构建
init() {
this.myChart = echarts.init(this.$el, 'macarons')
// this.myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById('charts'));
// 传入数据生成 option ; getPie3D(数据,透明的空心占比(调节中间空心范围的0就是普通饼1就很镂空))
this.option = this.getPie3D(this.optionData, 0.85);
//将配置项设置进去
this.myChart.setOption(this.option);
//鼠标移动上去特效效果
this.bindListen(this.myChart);
},
// 监听鼠标事件,实现饼图选中效果(单选),近似实现高亮(放大)效果。
bindListen(myChart) {
let that = this;
let selectedIndex = '';
let hoveredIndex = '';
// 监听点击事件,实现选中效果(单选)
myChart.on('click', function (params) {
// 从 option.series 中读取重新渲染扇形所需的参数,将是否选中取反。
let isSelected = !that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieStatus.selected;
let isHovered = that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieStatus.hovered;
let k = that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieStatus.k;
let startRatio = that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieData.startRatio;
let endRatio = that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieData.endRatio;
// 如果之前选中过其他扇形,将其取消选中(对 option 更新)
if (selectedIndex !== '' && selectedIndex !== params.seriesIndex) {
that.option.series[selectedIndex].parametricEquation = that.getParametricEquation(that.option.series[
selectedIndex].pieData
.startRatio, that.option.series[selectedIndex].pieData.endRatio, false, false, k, that.option.series[
selectedIndex].pieData
.value);
that.option.series[selectedIndex].pieStatus.selected = false;
}
// 对当前点击的扇形,执行选中/取消选中操作(对 option 更新)
that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].parametricEquation = that.getParametricEquation(startRatio, endRatio,
isSelected,
isHovered, k, that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieData.value);
that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieStatus.selected = isSelected;
// 如果本次是选中操作,记录上次选中的扇形对应的系列号 seriesIndex
isSelected ? selectedIndex = params.seriesIndex : null;
// 使用更新后的 option,渲染图表
myChart.setOption(that.option);
});
// 监听 mouseover,近似实现高亮(放大)效果
myChart.on('mouseover', function (params) {
// 准备重新渲染扇形所需的参数
let isSelected;
let isHovered;
let startRatio;
let endRatio;
let k;
// 如果触发 mouseover 的扇形当前已高亮,则不做操作
if (hoveredIndex === params.seriesIndex) {
return;
// 否则进行高亮及必要的取消高亮操作
} else {
// 如果当前有高亮的扇形,取消其高亮状态(对 option 更新)
if (hoveredIndex !== '') {
// 从 option.series 中读取重新渲染扇形所需的参数,将是否高亮设置为 false。
isSelected = that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieStatus.selected;
isHovered = false;
startRatio = that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieData.startRatio;
endRatio = that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieData.endRatio;
k = that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieStatus.k;
// 对当前点击的扇形,执行取消高亮操作(对 option 更新)
that.option.series[hoveredIndex].parametricEquation = that.getParametricEquation(startRatio, endRatio,
isSelected,
isHovered, k, that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieData.value);
that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieStatus.hovered = isHovered;
// 将此前记录的上次选中的扇形对应的系列号 seriesIndex 清空
hoveredIndex = '';
}
// 如果触发 mouseover 的扇形不是透明圆环,将其高亮(对 option 更新)
if (params.seriesName !== 'mouseoutSeries' && params.seriesName !== 'pie2d') {
// 从 option.series 中读取重新渲染扇形所需的参数,将是否高亮设置为 true。
isSelected = that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieStatus.selected;
isHovered = true;
startRatio = that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieData.startRatio;
endRatio = that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieData.endRatio;
k = that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieStatus.k;
// 对当前点击的扇形,执行高亮操作(对 option 更新)
that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].parametricEquation = that.getParametricEquation(startRatio, endRatio,
isSelected, isHovered, k, that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieData.value + 5);
that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieStatus.hovered = isHovered;
// 记录上次高亮的扇形对应的系列号 seriesIndex
hoveredIndex = params.seriesIndex;
}
// 使用更新后的 option,渲染图表
myChart.setOption(that.option);
}
});
// 修正取消高亮失败的 bug
myChart.on('globalout', function () {
// 准备重新渲染扇形所需的参数
let isSelected;
let isHovered;
let startRatio;
let endRatio;
let k;
if (hoveredIndex !== '') {
// 从 option.series 中读取重新渲染扇形所需的参数,将是否高亮设置为 true。
isSelected = that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieStatus.selected;
isHovered = false;
k = that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieStatus.k;
startRatio = that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieData.startRatio;
endRatio = that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieData.endRatio;
// 对当前点击的扇形,执行取消高亮操作(对 option 更新)
that.option.series[hoveredIndex].parametricEquation = that.getParametricEquation(startRatio, endRatio,
isSelected,
isHovered, k, that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieData.value);
that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieStatus.hovered = isHovered;
// 将此前记录的上次选中的扇形对应的系列号 seriesIndex 清空
hoveredIndex = '';
}
// 使用更新后的 option,渲染图表
myChart.setOption(that.option);
});
},
getPie3D(pieData, internalDiameterRatio) {
let that = this;
let series = [];
let sumValue = 0;
let startValue = 0;
let endValue = 0;
let legendData = [];
let legendBfb = [];
let k = 1 - internalDiameterRatio;
pieData.sort((a, b) => {
return (b.value - a.value);
});
// 为每一个饼图数据,生成一个 series-surface(参数曲面) 配置
for (let i = 0; i < pieData.length; i++) {
sumValue += pieData[i].value;
let seriesItem = {
//系统名称
name: typeof pieData[i].name === 'undefined' ? `series${i}` : pieData[i].name,
type: 'surface',
//是否为参数曲面(是)
parametric: true,
//曲面图网格线(否)上面一根一根的
wireframe: {
show: false
},
pieData: pieData[i],
pieStatus: {
selected: false,
hovered: false,
k: k
},
};
//曲面的颜色、不透明度等样式。
if (typeof pieData[i].itemStyle != 'undefined') {
let itemStyle = {};
typeof pieData[i].itemStyle.color != 'undefined' ? itemStyle.color = pieData[i].itemStyle.color : null;
typeof pieData[i].itemStyle.opacity != 'undefined' ? itemStyle.opacity = pieData[i].itemStyle.opacity : null;
seriesItem.itemStyle = itemStyle;
}
series.push(seriesItem);
}
// 使用上一次遍历时,计算出的数据和 sumValue,调用 getParametricEquation 函数,
// 向每个 series-surface 传入不同的参数方程 series-surface.parametricEquation,也就是实现每一个扇形。
legendData = [];
legendBfb = [];
for (let i = 0; i < series.length; i++) {
endValue = startValue + series[i].pieData.value;
series[i].pieData.startRatio = startValue / sumValue;
series[i].pieData.endRatio = endValue / sumValue;
series[i].parametricEquation = this.getParametricEquation(series[i].pieData.startRatio, series[i].pieData.endRatio,
false, false, k, series[i].pieData.value);
startValue = endValue;
let bfb = that.fomatFloat(series[i].pieData.value / sumValue, 4);
legendData.push({
name: series[i].name,
value: bfb
});
legendBfb.push({
name: series[i].name,
value: bfb
});
}
//(第二个参数可以设置你这个环形的高低程度)
let boxHeight = this.getHeight3D(series, 15);//通过传参设定3d饼/环的高度
// 准备待返回的配置项,把准备好的 legendData、series 传入。
let option = {
//图例组件
legend: {
data: legendData,
//图例列表的布局朝向。vertical
orient: 'horizontal',
type: 'scroll',
left: '0%',
bottom:'5%',
//图例文字每项之间的间隔
itemGap: 0,
textStyle: {
color: 'black',
fontSize: '0.5rem',
},
show: true,
icon: "circle",
//格式化图例文本(我是数值什么显示什么)
formatter: function (name) {
var target;
for (var i = 0, l = pieData.length; i < l; i++) {
if (pieData[i].name == name) {
target = pieData[i].value;
}
}
return `${name}: ${target}`;
},
// 这个可以显示百分比那种(可以根据你想要的来配置)
formatter: function(param) {
let item = legendBfb.filter(item => item.name == param)[0];
let bfs = that.fomatFloat(item.value * 100, 2) + "%";
console.log(item.name)
return `${item.name} :${bfs}`;
}
},
//移动上去提示的文本内容
tooltip: {
formatter: params => {
if (params.seriesName !== 'mouseoutSeries' && params.seriesName !== 'pie2d') {
let bfb = ((option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieData.endRatio - option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieData.startRatio) *
100).toFixed(2);
return `${params.seriesName}<br/>` +
`<span style="display:inline-block;margin-right:5px;border-radius:10px;width:10px;height:10px;background-color:${params.color};"></span>` +
`${bfb}`;
}
}
},
//这个可以变形
xAxis3D: {
min: -0.8,
max: 1
},
yAxis3D: {
min: -1,
max: 1
},
zAxis3D: {
min: -1,
max: 1
},
//此处是修改样式的重点
grid3D: {
show: false,
boxHeight: boxHeight, //圆环的高度
//这是饼图的位置
top: '-10%',
viewControl: { //3d效果可以放大、旋转等,请自己去查看官方配置
alpha: 35, //角度(这个很重要 调节角度的)
distance: 165,//调整视角到主体的距离,类似调整zoom(这是整体大小)
rotateSensitivity: 1, //设置为0无法旋转
zoomSensitivity: 0, //设置为0无法缩放
panSensitivity: 0, //设置为0无法平移
autoRotate: false //自动旋转
}
},
series: series
};
return option;
},
getHeight3D(series, height) {
series.sort((a, b) => {
return (b.pieData.value - a.pieData.value);
})
return height * 25 / series[0].pieData.value;
},
getParametricEquation(startRatio, endRatio, isSelected, isHovered, k, h) {
// 计算
let midRatio = (startRatio + endRatio) / 2;
let startRadian = startRatio * Math.PI * 2;
let endRadian = endRatio * Math.PI * 2;
let midRadian = midRatio * Math.PI * 2;
// 如果只有一个扇形,则不实现选中效果。
if (startRatio === 0 && endRatio === 1) {
isSelected = false;
}
// 通过扇形内径/外径的值,换算出辅助参数 k(默认值 1/3)
k = typeof k !== 'undefined' ? k : 1 / 3;
// 计算选中效果分别在 x 轴、y 轴方向上的位移(未选中,则位移均为 0)
let offsetX = isSelected ? Math.cos(midRadian) * 0.1 : 0;
let offsetY = isSelected ? Math.sin(midRadian) * 0.1 : 0;
// 计算高亮效果的放大比例(未高亮,则比例为 1)
let hoverRate = isHovered ? 1.05 : 1;
// 返回曲面参数方程
return {
u: {
min: -Math.PI,
max: Math.PI * 3,
step: Math.PI / 32
},
v: {
min: 0,
max: Math.PI * 2,
step: Math.PI / 20
},
x: function (u, v) {
if (u < startRadian) {
return offsetX + Math.cos(startRadian) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate;
}
if (u > endRadian) {
return offsetX + Math.cos(endRadian) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate;
}
return offsetX + Math.cos(u) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate;
},
y: function (u, v) {
if (u < startRadian) {
return offsetY + Math.sin(startRadian) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate;
}
if (u > endRadian) {
return offsetY + Math.sin(endRadian) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate;
}
return offsetY + Math.sin(u) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate;
},
z: function (u, v) {
if (u < -Math.PI * 0.5) {
return Math.sin(u);
}
if (u > Math.PI * 2.5) {
return Math.sin(u) * h * .1;
}
return Math.sin(v) > 0 ? 1 * h * .1 : -1;
}
};
},
fomatFloat(num, n) {
var f = parseFloat(num);
if (isNaN(f)) {
return false;
}
f = Math.round(num * Math.pow(10, n)) / Math.pow(10, n); // n 幂
var s = f.toString();
var rs = s.indexOf('.');
//判定如果是整数,增加小数点再补0
if (rs < 0) {
rs = s.length;
s += '.';
}
while (s.length <= rs + n) {
s += '0';
}
return s;
},
},
}
</script>
<style>
.chart{
background-size: 60% 60%;
/* background:rgba(34,34,34,0.5); */
}
</style>