OSPF组播拓展

文章目录

OSPF组播拓展
- 一、拓扑结构
- 二、基础配置
- 三、测试验证

启动 OSPF 协议后， OSPF 将向本地所有运行 OSPF 协议的接口以组播224.0.0.5的形式发送hello报
文； hello 报文中将携带本地 RID 值，以及本地已知的邻居的RID值（通过接收其他邻居的 hello报
文来获取本地邻居，建立一邻居表）；
邻居关系建立后，进行条件匹配，匹配失败则停留在邻居关系，仅hello包保活。成功则进入邻接关
系的建立过程；
使用未携带数据的DBD报文进行主从关系选举，主设备先进入下一步操作。两者使用携带数据的
DBD 报文来共享数据目录信息。之后本地使用 LSR/LSU /LSAck 报文来获取完整 LSA 信息（链路状态
通告）。完成本地 LSDB （链路状态数据库）的建立–生成数据库表；
之后将本地基于数据库生成有向图和最短路径树，并计算本地到达拓扑中所有的网段的最短路径，
并将其加入到 OSPF 路由表中。将优选的路由加入到全局路由表；
首次收敛完成，之后进行hello包保活，并进行 30min一次的周期链路刷新。
为减小多路访问网络中OSPF流量，OSPF会选择一个指定路由器（DR）和一个备份指定路由器（BDR）。当多路访问网络发生变化时，DR负责更新其他所有OSPF路由器。BDR会监控DR 的状态，并在当前DR发生故障时接替其角色。

一、拓扑结构

在这里插入图片描述

二、基础配置

R1:

#配置IP
<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]int g0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.1 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 12.0.0.1 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
#配置DHCP
[Huawei]dhcp enable 
[Huawei]int g0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select int	
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select interface
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp server dns-list 8.8.8.8
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
#配置OSPF
[Huawei]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[Huawei-ospf-1]area 0
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 12.0.0.0 0.0.0.255

R2:

#配置IP
<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]int g0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.2.1 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 12.0.0.2 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 23.0.0.1 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
#配置DHCP
[Huawei]dhcp enable 
[Huawei]int g0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select int	
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select interface 
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp server dns-list 8.8.8.8
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
#配置OSPF
[Huawei]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[Huawei-ospf-1]area 0
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 12.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 1.0.0.0 network 23.0.0.0 0.0.0.255

R3:

#配置IP
<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]int g0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.3.1 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 23.0.0.2 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
#配置DHCP
[Huawei]dhcp enable 
[Huawei]int g0/0/0	
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select interface 	
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp server dns-list 8.8.8.8
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
#
[Huawei]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[Huawei-ospf-1]area 0
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 23.0.0.0 0.0.0.255

三、测试验证

R3的邻居关系简表，邻居关系表，OSPF路由表以及OSPF数据库

#邻居关系简表
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]display ospf peer brief

	 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3
		  Peer Statistic Information
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Area Id          Interface                        Neighbor id      State    
 0.0.0.0          GigabitEthernet0/0/1             2.2.2.2          Full        
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #邻居关系表
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]display ospf peer

	 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3
		 Neighbors 

 Area 0.0.0.0 interface 23.0.0.2(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)'s neighbors
 Router ID: 2.2.2.2          Address: 23.0.0.1        
   State: Full  Mode:Nbr is  Slave  Priority: 1
   DR: 23.0.0.1  BDR: 23.0.0.2  MTU: 0    
   Dead timer due in 38  sec 
   Retrans timer interval: 5 
   Neighbor is up for 00:01:17     
   Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ] 

#OSPF路由表
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]display ospf routing 

	 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3
		  Routing Tables 

 Routing for Network 
 Destination        Cost  Type       NextHop         AdvRouter       Area
 23.0.0.0/24        1     Transit    23.0.0.2        3.3.3.3         0.0.0.0
 192.168.3.0/24     1     Stub       192.168.3.1     3.3.3.3         0.0.0.0
 12.0.0.0/24        2     Transit    23.0.0.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0
 192.168.1.0/24     3     Stub       23.0.0.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0
 192.168.2.0/24     2     Stub       23.0.0.1        2.2.2.2         0.0.0.0

 Total Nets: 5  
 Intra Area: 5  Inter Area: 0  ASE: 0  NSSA: 0 

#OSPF数据库
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]display ospf lsdb

	 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3
		 Link State Database 

		         Area: 0.0.0.0
 Type      LinkState ID    AdvRouter          Age  Len   Sequence   Metric
 Router    2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2            457  60    8000000A       1
 Router    1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1            540  48    80000007       1
 Router    3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3            443  48    80000005       1
 Network   23.0.0.1        2.2.2.2            457  32    80000002       0
 Network   12.0.0.1        1.1.1.1            540  32    80000002       0
 
 
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]

PC1pingPC5

PC>ipconfig

Link local IPv6 address...........: fe80::5689:98ff:fe66:1686
IPv6 address......................: :: / 128
IPv6 gateway......................: ::
IPv4 address......................: 192.168.1.254
Subnet mask.......................: 255.255.255.0
Gateway...........................: 192.168.1.1
Physical address..................: 54-89-98-66-16-86
DNS server........................: 8.8.8.8

#配置OSPF前
PC>ping 192.168.3.254

Ping 192.168.3.254: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!

--- 192.168.3.254 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  0 packet(s) received
  100.00% packet loss

#配置OSPF后
PC>ping 192.168.3.254

Ping 192.168.3.254: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 192.168.3.254: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=62 ms
From 192.168.3.254: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=78 ms
From 192.168.3.254: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=78 ms
From 192.168.3.254: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=79 ms

--- 192.168.3.254 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  4 packet(s) received
  20.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 0/74/79 ms