【Android开发基础】说说模块设计（下拉刷新、图片查看、布局设计）

文章目录

- 一、引言
- 二、设计
- - 1、下拉刷新
  - - （1）依赖
    - （2）使用
  - 2、图片需求
- 三、结论

一、引言

描述：设计一个简单说说功能模块
需求：
1、能够下拉刷新，更新数据
2、一条说说里允许包含多张图片，图片能够放大查看
难度：初级
知识点：
1、Swiperefreshlayout
2、适配器Adapter
3、对话框Dialog
4、文字图标Icon

二、设计

1、下拉刷新

思路

使用官方提供的解决方案SwipeRefreshLayout，具有简单、灵活的特点。不足之处是无法刷新头部和加载更多的功能。

（1）依赖

    implementation 'androidx.swiperefreshlayout:swiperefreshlayout:1.1.0-alpha03'

（2）使用

效果图

在这里插入图片描述

UI界面

<androidx.swiperefreshlayout.widget.SwipeRefreshLayout
        android:id="@+id/swipe"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">

	<!-- 需要刷新的界面 -->

<androidx.swiperefreshlayout.widget.SwipeRefreshLayout/>

后台

	/**
     * @title:下拉刷新
     * @param activity
     */
    private void getSwipeRefreshLayout(final View activity) {
        final SwipeRefreshLayout swipeRefreshLayout = activity.findViewById(R.id.swipe);
        swipeRefreshLayout.setOnRefreshListener(new SwipeRefreshLayout.OnRefreshListener() {
            @Override
            public void onRefresh() {
                new Thread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        try {
                            //设置刷新时长为1秒
                            Thread.sleep(1000);
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                        getActivity().runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                //更新数据
                                Log.i("Home","刷新数据");
                                // 数据更新方法
                                swipeRefreshLayout.setRefreshing(false);
                            }
                        });
                    }
                }).start();
            }
        });
    }

2、图片需求

思路

多张图片：内容适配器嵌套图片适配器
图片放大：使用对话框，将获取的图片数据放入对话框内展示

效果图

在这里插入图片描述

UI界面
（内容适配器）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:padding="@dimen/hPadding"
    android:background="@drawable/shape"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/userImage"
            android:layout_width="@dimen/huImage"
            android:layout_height="@dimen/huImage"
            android:layout_margin="@dimen/huImageMargin"/>

        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:orientation="vertical"
            android:layout_marginTop="10dp">

            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/userName"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:textSize="@dimen/huName"/>

            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/sayTime"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:textSize="@dimen/hTime"/>
        </LinearLayout>

    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="@dimen/hTextHeight"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_marginLeft="@dimen/huImageMargin">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/sayText"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/hTimeTop"
            android:textSize="@dimen/hName"
            android:textColor="@color/comm_hText"/>

        <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
            android:id="@+id/sayImages"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="@dimen/hImage"
            android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/hTimeTop" />

        <RelativeLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:gravity="right">

            <LinearLayout
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content">
                <ImageView
                    android:layout_marginTop="3dp"
                    android:layout_marginRight="6dp"
                    android:layout_width="@dimen/position"
                    android:layout_height="@dimen/position"
                    android:src="@drawable/position"/>

                <TextView
                    android:id="@+id/sayPosition"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:textColor="@color/comm_hText"
                    android:layout_marginRight="@dimen/positionRight"/>

            </LinearLayout>
        </RelativeLayout>

    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/hTimeTop"
        android:layout_marginLeft="@dimen/huImageMargin">

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="评论区"
            android:textSize="13dp"/>
    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

（图片适配器）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/item_image"
        android:layout_width="@dimen/hImage"
        android:layout_height="@dimen/hImage" />

</LinearLayout>

后台
（实体）

public class Say {

    Long id;

    int status;

    Long userId;

    String text;

    String images;

    String time;

    String newTime;

    String position;
    // 其他
    String name;

    String image;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public int getStatus() {
        return status;
    }

    public Long getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }

    public String getText() {
        return text;
    }

    public String getImages() {
        return images;
    }

    public String getTime() {
        return time;
    }

    public String getNewTime() {
        return newTime;
    }

    public String getPosition() {
        return position;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getImage() {
        return image;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public void setStatus(int status) {
        this.status = status;
    }

    public void setUserId(Long userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }

    public void setText(String text) {
        this.text = text;
    }

    public void setImages(String images) {
        this.images = images;
    }

    public void setTime(String time) {
        this.time = time;
    }

    public void setNewTime(String newTime) {
        this.newTime = newTime;
    }

    public void setPosition(String position) {
        this.position = position;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void setImage(String image) {
        this.image = image;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Say{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", status=" + status +
                ", userId=" + userId +
                ", text='" + text + '\'' +
                ", images='" + images + '\'' +
                ", time='" + time + '\'' +
                ", newTime='" + newTime + '\'' +
                ", position='" + position + '\'' +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", image='" + image + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

（内容适配器）

public class SayAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<SayAdapter.ViewHolder>{

    private List<Say> sayList;  // 定义容器
//    private int say_admin; // 读取类型
    BitmapDrawable bitmapDrawable;
    private Handler handler = null;

    public SayAdapter(List<Say> listSay) {
        this.sayList = listSay;
    }

    // 绑定控件
    static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        View sayView;
        ImageView userImage;
        TextView userName,sayTime,sayText,sayPosition;
        RecyclerView recyclerView;

        public ViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            sayView = itemView;
            userImage = itemView.findViewById(R.id.userImage);
            userName = itemView.findViewById(R.id.userName);
            sayTime = itemView.findViewById(R.id.sayTime);
            sayText = itemView.findViewById(R.id.sayText);
            sayPosition = itemView.findViewById(R.id.sayPosition);
            recyclerView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.sayImages);
        }
    }

    @NonNull
    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull final ViewGroup parent, final int viewType) {
        //加载适配器布局
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.say,parent,false);
        //循环加载适配器布局，从而达到减少资源使用
        final SayAdapter.ViewHolder holder = new SayAdapter.ViewHolder(view);
        // 模块点击点击事件
        holder.sayView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Toast.makeText(parent.getContext(),sayList.get(viewType).getText(),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        return holder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull final SayAdapter.ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        final Say s = sayList.get(position);
        holder.userName.setText(s.getName());
        holder.sayTime.setText((CharSequence) s.getTime());
        holder.sayText.setText(s.getText());
        holder.sayPosition.setText(s.getPosition());
        // userImage
        //用户名头像
        showUserImage(holder,s.getImage());
        // sayImages
        // 说说多图片显示
        showSayImage(holder,s.getImages());
    }

    /**
     * Returns the total number of items in the data set held by the adapter.
     *
     * @return The total number of items in this adapter.
     */
    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return sayList.size();
    }

    /**
     * @title:头像显示
     * @param holder
     * @param url
     */
    private void showUserImage(final SayAdapter.ViewHolder holder, final String url){
        handler = new Handler();
        final Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                holder.userImage.setImageDrawable(bitmapDrawable);
            }
        };
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    bitmapDrawable = okHttp.getBitmap(Api.userImage,url);
                    handler.post(runnable);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }

    /**
     * @title:说说图片显示
     * @param holder
     * @param say_images
     */
    private void showSayImage(ViewHolder holder, String say_images) {
        // 解析符合图片资源
        String[] sayImages = say_images.split("\\|");
        List<String> sayI = new ArrayList<>();
        Collections.addAll(sayI,sayImages);
        //1.获取RecyclerView控件信息
        //2.RecyclerView控件的使用方法
        StaggeredGridLayoutManager layoutManager = new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(3,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
        //3.横向滑动
        holder.recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
        //4.数据载入适配器，数据填充
        ImageAdapter adapter = new ImageAdapter(sayI);
        holder.recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }

}

（图片适配器）

public class ImageAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<ImageAdapter.ViewHolder> {

    //定义一个list容器
    private List<String> listString;
    BitmapDrawable bitmapDrawable;
    private Handler handler = null;

    //绑定android界面控件
    static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

        View ImageView;
        ImageView hImage;

        public ViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            ImageView = itemView;
            hImage = itemView.findViewById(R.id.item_image);
        }
    }

    public ImageAdapter(List<String> list){
        listString = list;
    }

    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup viewGroup, int i) {
        //加载适配器布局
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(viewGroup.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.image,viewGroup,false);
        //循环加载适配器布局，从而达到减少资源使用
        final ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(view);
        //图片放大
        ImageFD(holder);
        return holder;
    }

    /**     图片放大与关闭    **/
    private void ImageFD(final ViewHolder holder) {
        //再次点击进行关闭
        holder.hImage.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //获取对应的图片对象
                ImageView imgView = new ImageView(holder.hImage.getContext());
                imgView.setLayoutParams(new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
                imgView.setImageDrawable(bitmapDrawable);
                //思路是：使用对话框，将获取的图片数据放入对话框内展示
                final Dialog dialog = new Dialog(holder.ImageView.getContext(),android.R.style.Theme_Black_NoTitleBar_Fullscreen);
                dialog.setContentView(imgView);
                dialog.show();
                //再次点击进行关闭
                imgView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(View v) {
                        dialog.dismiss();
                    }
                });
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(final ViewHolder viewHolder, int i) {
        //将数据依次与适配器匹配
        final String s = listString.get(i);
        handler = new Handler();
        final Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                viewHolder.hImage.setImageDrawable(bitmapDrawable);
            }
        };
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    bitmapDrawable = okHttp.getBitmap(Api.sayImage,s);
                    handler.post(runnable);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return listString.size();
    }
}

三、结论

       正常的说说模块，按道理应该还需要点赞、收藏、分享、屏蔽等一些功能，这里我就不一一设计了。思路其实很简单：
       点赞：使用Redis收集点赞用户信息，每隔三十分钟使用Spring Task归档一次或者晚上人流量少时定点统一归档。

       收藏：独立设计一张表，主字段：当前用户id、说说id，app本地再设计一张表用于缓存，剩下的就是IDUS。

       分享：定义一个特定的链接，比如：https://www.xpq.com/abcdef其中www.xpq.com为网址，abcdef为说说识别字段。如果还需要设置分享时间，比如：https://www.xpq.com/20230609/30/abcdef。20230609为开始时间，30表示一个月的过期时间。

       屏蔽：本地数据库获取到的说说信息里添加一个state字段，用于界面显示的一个“撞针”。