HTML5提供了一些非常强大的JavaScript和HTML API,来帮助开发者构建精彩的桌面和移动应用程序。本文将介绍5个新型的API,希望对你的开发工作有所帮助。
1. 全屏API(Fullscreen API)
该API允许开发者以编程方式将Web应用程序全屏运行,使Web应用程序更像本地应用程序。
- // 找到适合浏览器的全屏方法
- function launchFullScreen(element) {
- if(element.requestFullScreen) {
- element.requestFullScreen();
- } else if(element.mozRequestFullScreen) {
- element.mozRequestFullScreen();
- } else if(element.webkitRequestFullScreen) {
- element.webkitRequestFullScreen();
- }
- }
- // 启动全屏模式
- launchFullScreen(document.documentElement); // the whole page
- launchFullScreen(document.getElementById("videoElement")); // any individual element
教程 / 演示
2. 页面可见性API(Page Visibility API)
该API可以用来检测页面对于用户的可见性,即返回用户当前浏览的页面或标签的状态变化。
- // 设置隐藏属性和可见改变事件的名称,属性需要加浏览器前缀
- // since some browsers only offer vendor-prefixed support
- var hidden, state, visibilityChange;
- if (typeof document.hidden !== "undefined") {
- hidden = "hidden";
- visibilityChange = "visibilitychange";
- state = "visibilityState";
- } else if (typeof document.mozHidden !== "undefined") {
- hidden = "mozHidden";
- visibilityChange = "mozvisibilitychange";
- state = "mozVisibilityState";
- } else if (typeof document.msHidden !== "undefined") {
- hidden = "msHidden";
- visibilityChange = "msvisibilitychange";
- state = "msVisibilityState";
- } else if (typeof document.webkitHidden !== "undefined") {
- hidden = "webkitHidden";
- visibilityChange = "webkitvisibilitychange";
- state = "webkitVisibilityState";
- }
- // 添加一个标题改变的监听器
- document.addEventListener(visibilityChange, function(e) {
- // 开始或停止状态处理
- }, false);
教程 / 演示
3. getUserMedia API
该API允许Web应用程序访问摄像头和麦克风,而无需使用插件。
- // 设置事件监听器
- window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function() {
- // 获取元素
- var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas"),
- context = canvas.getContext("2d"),
- video = document.getElementById("video"),
- videoObj = { "video": true },
- errBack = function(error) {
- console.log("Video capture error: ", error.code);
- };
- // 设置video监听器
- if(navigator.getUserMedia) { // Standard
- navigator.getUserMedia(videoObj, function(stream) {
- video.src = stream;
- video.play();
- }, errBack);
- } else if(navigator.webkitGetUserMedia) { // WebKit-prefixed
- navigator.webkitGetUserMedia(videoObj, function(stream){
- video.src = window.webkitURL.createObjectURL(stream);
- video.play();
- }, errBack);
- }
- }, false);
教程 / 演示
4. 电池API(Battery API)
这是一个针对移动设备应用程序的API,主要用于检测设备电池信息。
- var battery = navigator.battery || navigator.webkitBattery || navigator.mozBattery;
- // 电池属性
- console.warn("Battery charging: ", battery.charging); // true
- console.warn("Battery level: ", battery.level); // 0.58
- console.warn("Battery discharging time: ", battery.dischargingTime);
- // 添加事件监听器
- battery.addEventListener("chargingchange", function(e) {
- console.warn("Battery charge change: ", battery.charging);
- }, false);
教程
5. Link Prefetching
预加载网页内容,为浏览者提供一个平滑的浏览体验。
- <!-- full page -->
- <link rel="prefetch" href="http://davidwalsh.name/css-enhancements-user-experience" />
- <!-- just an image -->
- <link rel="prefetch" href="http://davidwalsh.name/wp-content/themes/walshbook3/images/sprite.png" />
教程
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