目录

一、准备工作

二、容器运行时

三、安装kubelet 、kubeadm、 kubectl

四、配置CNI

五、安装nginx

---

一、准备工作

1、更新yum源安装 vim、net-tools等工具（每个节点都执行）

  yum update -y
  yum install vim -y
  yum install net-tools -y

2、配置每个节点的网络，然后能互相ping通（每个节点上都要执行）

vi /etc/hosts

192.168.178.141 master
192.168.178.150 node1
192.168.178.151 node2

3、安装时间插件，保证每个节点时间一致（每个节点上都要执行）

yum install -y chrony
systemctl start chronyd
systemctl enable chronyd

4、关闭防火墙（这里为了省事，生产环境请开放相应的端口，每个节点都执行）

systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld

5、禁用swap分区（每个节点都执行）

sed -i '/ swap / s/^\(.*\)$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab

6、禁用SELINUX（每个节点上都要执行）

sed -i 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config  && setenforce 0

7、转发 IPv4 并让 iptables 看到桥接流量

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf
overlay
br_netfilter
EOF

sudo modprobe overlay
sudo modprobe br_netfilter

# 设置所需的 sysctl 参数，参数在重新启动后保持不变
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables  = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward                 = 1
EOF

# 应用 sysctl 参数而不重新启动
sudo sysctl --system


#检查模块是否被加载
lsmod | grep br_netfilter
lsmod | grep overlay

#检查是否设置成功
sysctl net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables net.ipv4.ip_forward

8、 配置ipvs功能（每个节点上都要执行）

#安装
yum install ipset ipvsadm -y
#配置
cat <<EOF > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules
#!/bin/bash
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack_ipv4
EOF
#授权
chmod +x /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules
#执行
sh +x /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules
#查看
lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack_ipv4

9、重启服务器让SELINUX生效

reboot -h now

二、容器运行时

 k8s支持4中容器运行时，这里介绍containerd方式安装。(每个节点都要安装)

# 添加docker源
curl -L -o /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
# 安装containerd
yum install -y containerd.io
# 创建默认配置文件
containerd config default > /etc/containerd/config.toml
# 设置aliyun地址，不设置会连接不上, 如果无法下载镜像检查一下配置是否替换 cat /etc/containerd/config.toml |grep sandbox_image
sed -i "s#registry.k8s.io/pause#registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause#g" /etc/containerd/config.toml
# 设置驱动为systemd
sed -i 's/SystemdCgroup = false/SystemdCgroup = true/g' /etc/containerd/config.toml
# 设置docker地址为aliyun镜像地址
sed -i '/\[plugins\."io\.containerd\.grpc\.v1\.cri"\.registry\.mirrors\]/a\      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."docker.io"]\n        endpoint = ["https://3kcpregv.mirror.aliyuncs.com" ,"https://registry-1.docker.io"]' /etc/containerd/config.toml

# 重启服务
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now containerd
systemctl restart containerd

三、安装kubelet 、kubeadm、 kubectl

1、安装Crictl

cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

setenforce 0

# 安装crictl工具
yum install -y cri-tools
# 生成配置文件
crictl config runtime-endpoint
# 编辑配置文件
cat << EOF | tee /etc/crictl.yaml
runtime-endpoint: "unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock"
image-endpoint: "unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock"
timeout: 10
debug: false
pull-image-on-create: false
disable-pull-on-run: false
EOF

# 查看是否安装成功,和docker命令差不多
crictl info
crictl images

2、安装kubelet、kubeadm、kubectl

yum install --setopt=obsoletes=0 kubelet-1.27.2-0 kubeadm-1.27.2-0 kubectl-1.27.2-0 -y

systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet

3、节点初始化（仅在master节点执行）

kubeadm init \
  --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.178.141 \
  --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
  --kubernetes-version v1.27.2 \
  --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 \
  --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \
  --ignore-preflight-errors=all

 如果报错执行重置命令

kubeadm reset

rm -fr ~/.kube/  /etc/kubernetes/* var/lib/etcd/*

  在master节点执行

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

 在node节点执行，加入集群

kubeadm join 192.168.178.141:6443 --token 2jm0vf.l3xyduayvig5w9cv \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:379185fe826631b65fb41bc8d57665742e8cffc0736552cf06dc5423c7e80c41

四、配置CNI

1、创建kube-flannel.yml(master节点执行）

cat > kube-flannel.yml << EOF
---
kind: Namespace
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel
  labels:
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce: privileged
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - pods
  verbs:
  - get
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  verbs:
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes/status
  verbs:
  - patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-flannel
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-flannel
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-cfg
  namespace: kube-flannel
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
data:
  cni-conf.json: |
    {
      "name": "cbr0",
      "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
      "plugins": [
        {
          "type": "flannel",
          "delegate": {
            "hairpinMode": true,
            "isDefaultGateway": true
          }
        },
        {
          "type": "portmap",
          "capabilities": {
            "portMappings": true
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  net-conf.json: |
    {
      "Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
      "Backend": {
        "Type": "vxlan"
      }
    }
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds
  namespace: kube-flannel
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: flannel
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      affinity:
        nodeAffinity:
          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
            nodeSelectorTerms:
            - matchExpressions:
              - key: kubernetes.io/os
                operator: In
                values:
                - linux
      hostNetwork: true
      priorityClassName: system-node-critical
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni-plugin
       #image: flannelcni/flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.0 for ppc64le and mips64le (dockerhub limitations may apply)
        image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.0
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /flannel
        - /opt/cni/bin/flannel
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni-plugin
          mountPath: /opt/cni/bin
      - name: install-cni
       #image: flannelcni/flannel:v0.19.0 for ppc64le and mips64le (dockerhub limitations may apply)
        image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.19.0
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
       #image: flannelcni/flannel:v0.19.0 for ppc64le and mips64le (dockerhub limitations may apply)
        image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.19.0
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
          limits:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: false
          capabilities:
            add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        - name: EVENT_QUEUE_DEPTH
          value: "5000"
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run/flannel
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
        - name: xtables-lock
          mountPath: /run/xtables.lock
      volumes:
      - name: run
        hostPath:
          path: /run/flannel
      - name: cni-plugin
        hostPath:
          path: /opt/cni/bin
      - name: cni
        hostPath:
          path: /etc/cni/net.d
      - name: flannel-cfg
        configMap:
          name: kube-flannel-cfg
      - name: xtables-lock
        hostPath:
          path: /run/xtables.lock
          type: FileOrCreate
EOF

2、执行

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

3、查看node节点（等待1-2分钟）

kubectl get nodes

五、安装nginx

1、在master执行如下命令

kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx

2、暴露端口

kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort

3、查看运行的服务

kubectl get pods,service

 4、访问nginx

ip+31201

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36765991/article/details/128702891